{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2139057214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jcn.2011.6157452","title":"Beamforming optimization for multiuser two-tier networks","display_name":"Beamforming optimization for multiuser two-tier networks","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2139057214","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jcn.2011.6157452","mag":"2139057214"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jcn.2011.6157452","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jcn.2011.6157452","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173102057","display_name":"Journal of Communications and Networks","issn_l":"1229-2370","issn":["1229-2370","1976-5541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Communications and Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037687343","display_name":"Youngmin Jeong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3850-7494"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Youngmin Jeong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Radio Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1 Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701 Korea","Dept. of Electron. & Radio Eng., Kyung-Hee Univ., Yongin, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Radio Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1 Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701 Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Radio Eng., Kyung-Hee Univ., Yongin, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030858163","display_name":"Tony Q. S. Quek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4037-3149"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3005327000","display_name":"Institute for Infocomm Research","ror":"https://ror.org/053rfa017","country_code":"SG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651","https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I91275662"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115228651","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09","country_code":"SG","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tony Q. S. Quek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Infocomm Research, ASTAR, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #21-01 Connexis South Tower, Singapore 138632","Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR,Singapore,Singapore"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, ASTAR, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #21-01 Connexis South Tower, Singapore 138632","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Infocomm Research, A*STAR,Singapore,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3005327000","https://openalex.org/I115228651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007557286","display_name":"Hyundong Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3364-8084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyundong Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Radio Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1 Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701 Korea","Dept. of Electron. & Radio Eng., Kyung-Hee Univ., Yongin, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Radio Engineering, Kyung Hee University, 1 Seocheon-dong, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 446-701 Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Radio Eng., Kyung-Hee Univ., Yongin, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5037687343"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.7694,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95352864,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"327","last_page":"338"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8463038802146912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macrocell","display_name":"Macrocell","score":0.8160005211830139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.7453775405883789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.5760384798049927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5739955902099609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5484802722930908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter-power-output","display_name":"Transmitter power output","score":0.541419267654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.5060684084892273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/femtocell","display_name":"Femtocell","score":0.47975099086761475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.4597196578979492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convex-optimization","display_name":"Convex optimization","score":0.4488794505596161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-optimization","display_name":"Power optimization","score":0.433353066444397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.42876869440078735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3581438660621643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3475070595741272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.24777370691299438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.24283647537231445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.23031315207481384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.18377479910850525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.17059123516082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regular-polygon","display_name":"Regular polygon","score":0.0979648232460022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.095979243516922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08767300844192505}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8463038802146912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778291847","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1163937","display_name":"Macrocell","level":3,"score":0.8160005211830139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.7453775405883789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.5760384798049927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5739955902099609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5484802722930908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.541419267654419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.5060684084892273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152504517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q572455","display_name":"Femtocell","level":3,"score":0.47975099086761475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4597196578979492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157972887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q463359","display_name":"Convex optimization","level":3,"score":0.4488794505596161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168292644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10860336","display_name":"Power optimization","level":4,"score":0.433353066444397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.42876869440078735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3581438660621643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3475070595741272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.24777370691299438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.24283647537231445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.23031315207481384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.18377479910850525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.17059123516082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112680207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q714886","display_name":"Regular polygon","level":2,"score":0.0979648232460022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.095979243516922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08767300844192505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jcn.2011.6157452","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jcn.2011.6157452","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173102057","display_name":"Journal of Communications and Networks","issn_l":"1229-2370","issn":["1229-2370","1976-5541"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Communications and Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8700000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1535757228","https://openalex.org/W1545861347","https://openalex.org/W1973094722","https://openalex.org/W1984268719","https://openalex.org/W2014060493","https://openalex.org/W2022845598","https://openalex.org/W2084575717","https://openalex.org/W2089105401","https://openalex.org/W2099379511","https://openalex.org/W2101009387","https://openalex.org/W2102157096","https://openalex.org/W2102465185","https://openalex.org/W2109005286","https://openalex.org/W2109830484","https://openalex.org/W2111616148","https://openalex.org/W2112300062","https://openalex.org/W2113168978","https://openalex.org/W2118220443","https://openalex.org/W2120380884","https://openalex.org/W2121233130","https://openalex.org/W2122496159","https://openalex.org/W2128038754","https://openalex.org/W2128177517","https://openalex.org/W2129502727","https://openalex.org/W2137907045","https://openalex.org/W2137965246","https://openalex.org/W2140517850","https://openalex.org/W2141974809","https://openalex.org/W2150415860","https://openalex.org/W2154782861","https://openalex.org/W2156262554","https://openalex.org/W2160824402","https://openalex.org/W2161768888","https://openalex.org/W2163086614","https://openalex.org/W2171656134","https://openalex.org/W2296319761","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W7014245034"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1987533529","https://openalex.org/W2034875815","https://openalex.org/W2785525461","https://openalex.org/W2024487009","https://openalex.org/W2559895599","https://openalex.org/W1588641184","https://openalex.org/W2043889002","https://openalex.org/W1517947484","https://openalex.org/W2065804217","https://openalex.org/W2139057214"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,8,20,48,54,94,117,127,136,152,159,184,189],"incitation":[2],"to":[3,150,187,199],"reduce":[4],"power":[5,102,113],"consumption":[6],"and":[7,53,75,110,134,174],"aggressive":[9],"reuse":[10],"of":[11,22,50,56,69,119,154,191],"spectral":[12],"resources,":[13],"there":[14],"is":[15],"an":[16],"inevitable":[17],"trend":[18],"towards":[19],"deployment":[21],"small-cell":[23],"networks":[24],"by":[25,157,183],"decomposing":[26],"a":[27,32,64,70,76,86,131],"traditional":[28],"single-tier":[29],"network":[30,34,40,51,67],"into":[31,167],"multi-tier":[33],"with":[35,85],"very":[36],"high":[37],"throughput":[38],"per":[39],"area.":[41],"However,":[42],"this":[43,60,90],"cell":[44],"size":[45],"reduction":[46],"increases":[47],"complexity":[49],"operation":[52],"severity":[55],"cross-tier":[57],"interference.":[58],"In":[59,89,116,144],"paper,":[61],"we":[62,92,125,146,177],"consider":[63],"downlink":[65],"two-tier":[66],"comprising":[68],"multiple-antenna":[71],"macrocell":[72],"base":[73],"station":[74],"single":[77,87],"femtocell":[78],"access":[79],"point,":[80],"each":[81],"serving":[82],"multiples":[83],"users":[84],"antenna.":[88],"scenario,":[91],"treat":[93],"following":[95],"beamforming":[96],"optimization":[97,128,142],"problems:":[98],"i)":[99],"Total":[100],"transmit":[101],"minimization":[103,114],"problem;":[104,109],"ii)":[105],"mean-square":[106],"error":[107],"balancing":[108],"iii)":[111],"interference":[112],"problem.":[115],"presence":[118],"perfect":[120],"channel":[121,192],"state":[122],"information":[123],"(CSI),":[124],"formulate":[126],"algorithms":[129,149,181],"in":[130],"centralized":[132,155,173],"manner":[133],"determine":[135],"optimal":[137],"beamformers":[138],"using":[139],"standard":[140],"convex":[141],"techniques.":[143],"addition,":[145],"propose":[147,179],"semi-decentralized":[148,175],"overcome":[151],"drawback":[153],"design":[156,186],"introducing":[158],"signal-to-":[160],"leakage":[161],"plus":[162],"noise":[163],"ratio":[164],"criteria.":[165],"Taking":[166],"account":[168],"imperfect":[169],"CSI":[170],"for":[171],"both":[172],"approaches,":[176],"also":[178],"robust":[180],"tailored":[182],"worst-case":[185],"mitigate":[188],"effect":[190],"uncertainty.":[193],"Finally,":[194],"numerical":[195],"results":[196],"are":[197],"presented":[198],"validate":[200],"our":[201],"proposed":[202],"algorithms.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
