{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7117161431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3648181","title":"CSAI: Conditional Self-Attention Imputation for Healthcare Time-Series","display_name":"CSAI: Conditional Self-Attention Imputation for Healthcare Time-Series","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7117161431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3648181","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41442289"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3648181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3648181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10219852/1/CSAI_Conditional_Self-Attention_Imputation_for_Healthcare_Time-series.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059099215","display_name":"Linglong Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3930-045X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linglong Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3930-045X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114645755","display_name":"Joseph Arul Raj","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Arul Raj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121126867","display_name":"Hugh Logan-Ellis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hugh Logan-Ellis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6428-0158","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035743359","display_name":"Ao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8518-9010"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0825-1264","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014964951","display_name":"Yuezhou Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4817-3835"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuezhou Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4817-3835","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121180003","display_name":"Tao Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0437-0557","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082177680","display_name":"R. Dobson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard JB Dobson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4224-9245","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013651865","display_name":"Zina Ibrahim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6203-2727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zina Ibrahim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6203-2727","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King&#x2019;s College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4565,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91945932,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"7","first_page":"5775","last_page":"5782"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9828000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9828000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.0020000000949949026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imputation","display_name":"Imputation (statistics)","score":0.8626999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toolbox","display_name":"Toolbox","score":0.6371999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/python","display_name":"Python (programming language)","score":0.5012999773025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multivariate-statistics","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","score":0.43650001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.42879998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/missing-data","display_name":"Missing data","score":0.41600000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.3962000012397766}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58041806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1660484","display_name":"Imputation (statistics)","level":3,"score":0.8626999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777655017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1501161","display_name":"Toolbox","level":2,"score":0.6371999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5216000080108643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519991488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28865","display_name":"Python (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5012999773025513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4860999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161584116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","level":2,"score":0.43650001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.42879998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4246000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9357733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6878417","display_name":"Missing data","level":2,"score":0.41600000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3962000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019952477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Health records","level":3,"score":0.37619999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.30649998784065247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.30149999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.2971000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2921000123023987}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000098424","descriptor_name":"Recurrent Neural Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098424","descriptor_name":"Recurrent Neural Networks","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D057286","descriptor_name":"Electronic Health Records","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3648181","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3648181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41442289","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41442289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10219852","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10219852/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10219852/1/CSAI_Conditional_Self-Attention_Imputation_for_Healthcare_Time-series.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics , PP (2025) (In press).","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:10219852","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10219852/","pdf_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10219852/1/CSAI_Conditional_Self-Attention_Imputation_for_Healthcare_Time-series.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics , PP (2025) (In press).","raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7127366065979004,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7117161431.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7117161431.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"introduce":[1],"the":[2,108],"Conditional":[3],"Self-Attention":[4],"Imputation":[5],"(CSAI)":[6],"model,":[7],"a":[8,62],"novel":[9],"recurrent":[10],"neural":[11,111],"network":[12,112],"architecture":[13],"designed":[14],"to":[15,35,43,55,81,115],"address":[16],"imputation":[17,113,122],"challenges":[18],"in":[19,84],"multivariate":[20],"time":[21,102],"series":[22],"derived":[23],"from":[24],"hospital":[25],"electronic":[26],"health":[27],"records":[28],"(EHRs).":[29],"CSAI":[30,90],"introduces":[31],"key":[32],"novelties":[33],"specific":[34],"EHR":[36,74],"data:":[37],"a)":[38],"attention-based":[39],"hidden":[40],"state":[41,109],"initialisation":[42],"capture":[44],"both":[45],"long-":[46],"and":[47,60,87],"short-range":[48],"temporal":[49,53],"dependencies,":[50],"b)":[51],"domain-informed":[52],"decay":[54],"mimic":[56],"clinical":[57,124],"recording":[58],"patterns,":[59],"c)":[61],"non-uniform":[63],"masking":[64],"strategy":[65],"that":[66],"models":[67],"non-random":[68],"missingness.":[69],"Comprehensive":[70],"evaluation":[71],"across":[72],"four":[73],"benchmark":[75],"datasets":[76],"demonstrates":[77],"CSAI's":[78],"effectiveness":[79],"compared":[80],"state-of-the-art":[82],"architectures":[83],"data":[85],"restoration":[86],"downstream":[88],"tasks.":[89],"is":[91],"integrated":[92],"into":[93],"PyPOTS,":[94],"an":[95],"open-source":[96],"Python":[97],"toolbox":[98],"for":[99],"partially":[100],"observed":[101],"series.":[103],"This":[104],"work":[105],"significantly":[106],"advances":[107],"of":[110],"applied":[114],"EHRs":[116],"by":[117],"more":[118],"closely":[119],"aligning":[120],"algorithmic":[121],"with":[123],"realities.":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-12-24T00:00:00"}
