{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415366817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3622491","title":"A Novel Framework of Hierarchical EMG-FMG Fusion to Enhance Long-Term and Multi-Position Robustness for Real-Time Motion Intent Recognition","display_name":"A Novel Framework of Hierarchical EMG-FMG Fusion to Enhance Long-Term and Multi-Position Robustness for Real-Time Motion Intent Recognition","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415366817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3622491","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41115090"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3622491","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3622491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/62614.html>,","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hongli Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1265-2660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongli Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow (Uofg), Glasgow, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1265-2660","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow (Uofg), Glasgow, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052224896","display_name":"Vellaisamy A. L. Roy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1432-9950"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vellaisamy A. L. Roy","raw_affiliation_strings":["James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow (Uofg), Glasgow, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow (Uofg), Glasgow, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008203674","display_name":"Dani S. Assi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6721-9363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dani S. Assi","raw_affiliation_strings":["James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow (Uofg), Glasgow, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6721-9363","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow (Uofg), Glasgow, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091828614","display_name":"Liang Tao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6233-9518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153806059","display_name":"Shanghai Business School","ror":"https://ror.org/05kf5z787","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153806059"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Business Information, Shanghai Business School, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6233-9518","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Business Information, Shanghai Business School, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153806059"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108044269","display_name":"Vaithinathan Karthikeyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6734-8448"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vaithinathan Karthikeyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow (Uofg), Glasgow, U.K"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow (Uofg), Glasgow, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023212284","display_name":"Ning Xi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8276-5696"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137766","display_name":"Institute for Advanced Study","ror":"https://ror.org/03xg85719","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137766"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152695","display_name":"Nano and Advanced Materials Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/05m0z0h30","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152695"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["CN","DE","HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Xi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Technologies Institute, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China","Advanced Technologies Institute, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8276-5696","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Technologies Institute, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152695","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Technologies Institute, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152695","https://openalex.org/I4210137766","https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102461711","display_name":"Wen J. Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168719708","display_name":"City University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/03q8dnn23","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen J. Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0391-3065","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168719708"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011777630","display_name":"Aleksandra Vu\u010dkovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1585-3247"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aleksandra Vuckovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow (Uofg), Glasgow, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1585-3247","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow (Uofg), Glasgow, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4905,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67761554,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"5","first_page":"4409","last_page":"4422"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9800000190734863,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9485999941825867,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9350000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.8073999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalizability-theory","display_name":"Generalizability theory","score":0.5375000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.503600001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.43220001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromyography","display_name":"Electromyography","score":0.38769999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.3619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.3564999997615814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.8073999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7107999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7106000185012817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27158222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532422","display_name":"Generalizability theory","level":2,"score":0.5375000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.504800021648407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.503600001335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.43220001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777515770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507369","display_name":"Electromyography","level":2,"score":0.38769999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.3619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3564999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3474000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3118000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777036941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6917771","display_name":"Motion analysis","level":2,"score":0.2980000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48007421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676252","display_name":"Motion capture","level":3,"score":0.28850001096725464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.2874000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.271699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.258899986743927}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009068","descriptor_name":"Movement","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3622491","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3622491","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41115090","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41115090","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:369556","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/62614.html>,","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:369556","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/62614.html>,","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2243438194","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024/3004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321019","funder_display_name":"University Grants Committee"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321019","display_name":"University Grants Committee","ror":"https://ror.org/00djwmt25"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Prosthetics,":[0],"exoskeletons,":[1],"and":[2,43,72,100,105,122,125,197],"rehabilitation":[3],"devices":[4],"that":[5,58,92,184],"seamlessly":[6],"respond":[7],"to":[8,67,107,130,204,213,220],"the":[9,17,95,109,112,120,139,162,174,185,193,221],"user's":[10],"motion":[11,28,74],"intent":[12,29,75],"are":[13],"essential":[14],"for":[15,21,235],"improving":[16],"quality":[18],"of":[19,98,111,138,157],"life":[20],"individuals":[22],"with":[23,180],"physical":[24],"disabilities.":[25],"However,":[26],"existing":[27],"recognition":[30],"systems":[31],"based":[32],"on":[33,173],"Electromyography":[34],"(EMG)":[35],"often":[36],"experience":[37],"significant":[38],"performance":[39],"degradation":[40],"over":[41],"time":[42],"limb":[44,151,171,195,217],"positions.":[45,202],"To":[46],"address":[47],"this,":[48],"this":[49],"paper":[50],"proposed":[51],"a":[52,64,88,169],"Hierarchical":[53],"EMG-FMG":[54],"Fusion":[55],"(HEFF)":[56],"framework":[57,79,187],"incorporates":[59],"Force":[60],"Myography":[61],"(FMG)":[62],"as":[63],"complementary":[65,96],"modality":[66],"enhance":[68],"robustness":[69,137,229],"in":[70,148,168,192],"long-term":[71],"multi-position":[73],"recognition.":[76],"The":[77,136,177],"HEFF":[78,186,207],"introduced":[80],"three":[81],"new":[82],"strategies:":[83],"(1)":[84],"Complementary":[85],"Pyramid":[86],"Fusion,":[87],"neural":[89],"network":[90],"architecture":[91],"effectively":[93],"integrates":[94],"characteristics":[97],"EMG":[99],"FMG;":[101],"(2)":[102],"Position":[103],"Compensation":[104],"Pairing,":[106],"increase":[108],"generalizability":[110],"model":[113],"by":[114,211],"producing":[115],"augmented":[116],"training":[117,163],"data":[118,164],"mimicking":[119],"temporal":[121],"positional":[123],"variability;":[124],"(3)":[126],"Feedback-based":[127],"Baseline":[128],"Correction,":[129],"dynamically":[131],"counteract":[132],"FMG":[133],"baseline":[134],"drift.":[135],"system":[140],"was":[141],"evaluated":[142],"through":[143],"10":[144],"distinct":[145],"motions":[146],"performed":[147],"3":[149],"different":[150],"positions,":[152],"retested":[153],"after":[154],"an":[155],"interval":[156],"approximately":[158],"7":[159],"days.":[160],"Notably,":[161],"were":[165],"only":[166],"collected":[167],"single":[170],"position":[172,196],"first":[175],"day.":[176],"real-time":[178],"experiments":[179],"15":[181],"subjects":[182],"showed":[183],"maintained":[188],"91.89%":[189],"classification":[190,209],"accuracy":[191,210],"primary":[194],"85.39%":[198],"across":[199,215,230],"multiple":[200],"unseen":[201],"According":[203],"offline":[205],"analysis,":[206],"improved":[208],"up":[212],"34.99%":[214],"various":[216,231],"positions":[218],"compared":[219],"conventional":[222],"fusion":[223],"method.":[224],"These":[225],"results":[226],"highlight":[227],"HEFF's":[228],"conditions,":[232],"being":[233],"well-suited":[234],"assistive":[236],"technology":[237],"applications.":[238]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-21T00:00:00"}
