{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414230072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3610103","title":"MSAFed: Generalized Multi-Stage and Adaptive Federated Learning for Test-Time Medical Segmentation","display_name":"MSAFed: Generalized Multi-Stage and Adaptive Federated Learning for Test-Time Medical Segmentation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414230072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3610103","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40956745"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3610103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3610103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000165016","display_name":"Jiajie Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4808-1534"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141962983","display_name":"Shanghai University of Engineering Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0557b9y08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141962983"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiajie Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141962983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113300424","display_name":"Xuanmin Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141962983","display_name":"Shanghai University of Engineering Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0557b9y08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141962983"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuanmin Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0726-5373","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141962983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100516312","display_name":"Liyan Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8377-0163"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141962983","display_name":"Shanghai University of Engineering Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0557b9y08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141962983"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liyan Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8377-0163","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Engineering and Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141962983"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063863772","display_name":"Shihui Ying","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9423-0146"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shihui Ying","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, School of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9423-0146","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, School of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Guang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7344-7733"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bioengineering Department and Imperial-X, Imperial College London, London, U.K","Bioengineering Department and Imperial-X, Imperial College London, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7344-7733","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioengineering Department and Imperial-X, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bioengineering Department and Imperial-X, Imperial College London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059443966","display_name":"Tieyong Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0688-202X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tieyong Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Center for Mathematical Artificial Intelligence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China","Center for Mathematical Artificial Intelligence, Department of Mathematics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0688-202X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Center for Mathematical Artificial Intelligence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Mathematical Artificial Intelligence, Department of Mathematics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9683,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79082058,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"4","first_page":"3000","last_page":"3012"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14510","display_name":"Medical Imaging and Analysis","score":0.9821000099182129,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9749000072479248,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.788100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.676800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting","display_name":"Limiting","score":0.6047000288963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5468999743461609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federated-learning","display_name":"Federated learning","score":0.5187000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.4269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.42669999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptive-learning","display_name":"Adaptive learning","score":0.4165000021457672}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8295000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.788100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.676800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.6047000288963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5986999869346619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5468999743461609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992525071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50818671","display_name":"Federated learning","level":2,"score":0.5187000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4934000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.4269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.42669999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125014702","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4680749","display_name":"Adaptive learning","level":2,"score":0.4165000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4092999994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52970973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2497134","display_name":"Adaptive system","level":2,"score":0.3792000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.3677999973297119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.32269999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3037000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.29429998993873596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59404180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17013334","display_name":"Feature learning","level":2,"score":0.2815999984741211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681","display_name":"Network architecture","level":2,"score":0.25519999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142039133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3620943","display_name":"Personalized learning","level":5,"score":0.25130000710487366}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098407","descriptor_name":"Federated Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098407","descriptor_name":"Federated Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007090","descriptor_name":"Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3610103","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3610103","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40956745","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40956745","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1972488856","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/Z002206/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","funder_display_name":"UK Research and Innovation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3995808239","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MR/U506710/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","funder_display_name":"UK Research and Innovation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5427034687","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MC/PC/21013","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","funder_display_name":"UK Research and Innovation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6756521213","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MR/V023799/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","funder_display_name":"UK Research and Innovation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8375851928","display_name":"Novel Data-Driven Models for robust and generalisable ultra-low-dose PET image reconstruction and high-quality CT-free PET image synthesis","funder_award_id":"220785","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","display_name":"UK Research and Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/001aqnf71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/00yjd3n13"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Federated":[0],"learning":[1,97,108,123],"(FL)":[2],"enables":[3],"collaborative":[4],"model":[5],"training":[6],"across":[7,28],"multiple":[8],"medical":[9,143],"centers":[10],"without":[11],"sharing":[12],"data,":[13],"offering":[14],"significant":[15],"promise":[16],"for":[17,52],"privacy-preserving":[18],"AI":[19],"in":[20,45,59],"healthcare.":[21],"However,":[22],"FL":[23,54,80,114,158],"models":[24,61],"often":[25],"lack":[26],"generalization":[27,86],"all":[29],"participating":[30],"clients":[31,41],"(inside":[32],"FL)":[33],"and":[34,87,94,125,156],"perform":[35],"poorly":[36],"when":[37],"deployed":[38],"to":[39,56,129],"unseen":[40,117],"(outside":[42],"FL),":[43],"particularly":[44],"heterogeneous":[46],"domains.":[47],"Current":[48],"test-time":[49,89],"adaptation":[50],"methods":[51],"outside":[53,88,157],"fail":[55],"address":[57],"biases":[58],"personalized":[60],"toward":[62],"source":[63,119],"distributions,":[64],"limiting":[65],"their":[66],"clinical":[67],"applications.":[68],"To":[69],"tackle":[70],"these":[71],"challenges,":[72],"we":[73],"propose":[74],"MSAFed,":[75,149],"a":[76,102],"generalized":[77,103],"multi-stage":[78],"adaptive":[79,107,122],"framework":[81],"that":[82],"enhances":[83],"both":[84,154],"inside":[85,113,155],"adaptation.":[90],"During":[91],"pretraining,":[92],"intra-client":[93],"inter-client":[95],"contrastive":[96],"with":[98],"prototype-aware":[99],"aggregation":[100],"produces":[101],"global":[104],"model.":[105],"An":[106],"rate":[109],"strategy":[110],"further":[111],"improves":[112],"generalization.":[115],"For":[116],"clients,":[118],"knowledge,":[120],"including":[121],"rates":[124],"prototypes,":[126],"is":[127],"leveraged":[128],"dynamically":[130],"adapt":[131],"the":[132,146],"network":[133],"architecture":[134],"during":[135],"test":[136],"time.":[137],"Experiments":[138],"on":[139,153],"three":[140],"real-world":[141],"multi-center":[142],"datasets":[144],"demonstrate":[145],"effectiveness":[147],"of":[148],"achieving":[150],"superior":[151],"performance":[152],"tasks.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-22T08:00:12.763002","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}