{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415063233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3593198","title":"The Use of Machine Learning and Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Gut Microbiome Research: A Scoping Review","display_name":"The Use of Machine Learning and Explainable Artificial Intelligence in Gut Microbiome Research: A Scoping Review","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415063233","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3593198","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41066278"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3593198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3593198","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3593198","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5099005417","display_name":"Hania Tourab","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0287-1232"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hania Tourab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0287-1232","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Laura Lopez-Perez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1536-1090"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Lopez-Perez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1536-1090","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093360867","display_name":"Pe\u00f1a Arroyo-Gallego","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pe\u00f1a Arroyo-Gallego","raw_affiliation_strings":["Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026778314","display_name":"Eleni I. Georga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-0727"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194019607","display_name":"University of Ioannina","ror":"https://ror.org/01qg3j183","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eleni Georga","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3607-0727","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092438672","display_name":"Miguel Rujas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8198-3356"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miguel Rujas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8198-3356","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063416087","display_name":"Francesca Romana Ponziani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5924-6238"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103320735","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","ror":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103320735"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesca Romana Ponziani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5924-6238","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103320735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080670900","display_name":"Macarena Torrego-Ellacur\u00eda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8071-8976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2961216182","display_name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico San Carlos","ror":"https://ror.org/04d0ybj29","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2961216182","https://openalex.org/I4210139293"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Macarena Torrego-Ellacur\u00eda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unidad de Apoyo a la Innovación, San Carlos Clinical Hospital, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8071-8976","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unidad de Apoyo a la Innovación, San Carlos Clinical Hospital, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2961216182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059081477","display_name":"Beatriz Merino\u2010Barbancho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5070-4178"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Beatriz Merino-Barbancho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5070-4178","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018396907","display_name":"Neri Niccol\u00f2 Dei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4648-8852"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neri Niccol\u00f2 Dei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4648-8852","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036187436","display_name":"Gastone Ciuti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0855-7976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gastone Ciuti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0855-7976","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057894101","display_name":"Dimitrios I. Fotiadis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5987-9350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194019607","display_name":"University of Ioannina","ror":"https://ror.org/01qg3j183","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios Fotiadis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5987-9350","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194019607"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Gasbarrini Antonio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6230-1779"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103320735","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","ror":"https://ror.org/03h7r5v07","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103320735"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gasbarrini Antonio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6230-1779","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103320735"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028588820","display_name":"Mar\u00eda Fernanda Cabrera-Umpi\u00e9rrez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9343-063X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mar\u00eda Fernanda Cabrera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9343-063X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009914413","display_name":"Mar\u00eda Teresa Arredondo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3113-3976"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mar\u00eda Teresa Arredondo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3113-3976","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034633748","display_name":"Giuseppe Fico","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1551-4613"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giuseppe Fico","raw_affiliation_strings":["Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1551-4613","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Life Supporting Technologies, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":15,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5175,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93534815,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"1","first_page":"717","last_page":"731"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9732000231742859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9732000231742859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microbiome","display_name":"Microbiome","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gut-microbiome","display_name":"Gut microbiome","score":0.5407000184059143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transparency","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.46299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-data","display_name":"Big data","score":0.4007999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.38940000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trustworthiness","display_name":"Trustworthiness","score":0.3686999976634979}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.8252000212669373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.707099974155426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143121216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1330402","display_name":"Microbiome","level":2,"score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6061999797821045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019978661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739734","display_name":"Gut microbiome","level":3,"score":0.5407000184059143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.5260000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.46299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.4007999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.38940000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153701036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659974","display_name":"Trustworthiness","level":2,"score":0.3686999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157170001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4781507","display_name":"Applications of artificial intelligence","level":2,"score":0.3418999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3301999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.31929999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163763905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17075943","display_name":"Precision medicine","level":2,"score":0.3158999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91478284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6623796","display_name":"Human microbiome","level":3,"score":0.30300000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544335954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2553348","display_name":"Web intelligence","level":4,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118643609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189210","display_name":"Web application","level":2,"score":0.2784999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94966114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29256","display_name":"Black box","level":2,"score":0.2768999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72634772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386824","display_name":"Data integration","level":2,"score":0.27129998803138733}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069196","descriptor_name":"Gastrointestinal Microbiome","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069196","descriptor_name":"Gastrointestinal Microbiome","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069196","descriptor_name":"Gastrointestinal Microbiome","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069196","descriptor_name":"Gastrointestinal Microbiome","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069196","descriptor_name":"Gastrointestinal Microbiome","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001185","descriptor_name":"Artificial Intelligence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3593198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3593198","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:41066278","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41066278","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3593198","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3593198","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":130,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1572319397","https://openalex.org/W1931590386","https://openalex.org/W2001561488","https://openalex.org/W2071841602","https://openalex.org/W2085284704","https://openalex.org/W2116041602","https://openalex.org/W2120358246","https://openalex.org/W2130725058","https://openalex.org/W2188930066","https://openalex.org/W2295620997","https://openalex.org/W2783601877","https://openalex.org/W2791969406","https://openalex.org/W2794407684","https://openalex.org/W2799978547","https://openalex.org/W2886557383","https://openalex.org/W2891378911","https://openalex.org/W2891503716","https://openalex.org/W2892376868","https://openalex.org/W2903406988","https://openalex.org/W2904189255","https://openalex.org/W2905071882","https://openalex.org/W2907554860","https://openalex.org/W2909919296","https://openalex.org/W2911884040","https://openalex.org/W2945091031","https://openalex.org/W2948005687","https://openalex.org/W2949101873","https://openalex.org/W2956719809","https://openalex.org/W2963095307","https://openalex.org/W2964303497","https://openalex.org/W2981731882","https://openalex.org/W2982580298","https://openalex.org/W2995792428","https://openalex.org/W2997681568","https://openalex.org/W3006236807","https://openalex.org/W3007279380","https://openalex.org/W3011527816","https://openalex.org/W3014654829","https://openalex.org/W3016831731","https://openalex.org/W3028405346","https://openalex.org/W3044813747","https://openalex.org/W3044970847","https://openalex.org/W3046238651","https://openalex.org/W3081708442","https://openalex.org/W3082764976","https://openalex.org/W3083782901","https://openalex.org/W3092264656","https://openalex.org/W3094171951","https://openalex.org/W3095427065","https://openalex.org/W3095990606","https://openalex.org/W3103111586","https://openalex.org/W3112611263","https://openalex.org/W3119041287","https://openalex.org/W3122216490","https://openalex.org/W3123441661","https://openalex.org/W3125261833","https://openalex.org/W3127298225","https://openalex.org/W3128236819","https://openalex.org/W3132461044","https://openalex.org/W3132721801","https://openalex.org/W3133755728","https://openalex.org/W3135687130","https://openalex.org/W3154683057","https://openalex.org/W3155242430","https://openalex.org/W3155703470","https://openalex.org/W3156270169","https://openalex.org/W3156905130","https://openalex.org/W3178107640","https://openalex.org/W3181092383","https://openalex.org/W3185123796","https://openalex.org/W3191228666","https://openalex.org/W3195148424","https://openalex.org/W3206335145","https://openalex.org/W3209211352","https://openalex.org/W3212843907","https://openalex.org/W3213258078","https://openalex.org/W3213703066","https://openalex.org/W4200172953","https://openalex.org/W4205621089","https://openalex.org/W4205812311","https://openalex.org/W4210640577","https://openalex.org/W4212942200","https://openalex.org/W4214663617","https://openalex.org/W4220861290","https://openalex.org/W4221010845","https://openalex.org/W4221072447","https://openalex.org/W4221129774","https://openalex.org/W4223937382","https://openalex.org/W4224270181","https://openalex.org/W4224314900","https://openalex.org/W4225592836","https://openalex.org/W4225777019","https://openalex.org/W4226011853","https://openalex.org/W4233026002","https://openalex.org/W4289913091","https://openalex.org/W4292547531","https://openalex.org/W4295921620","https://openalex.org/W4306390902","https://openalex.org/W4309705209","https://openalex.org/W4312178976","https://openalex.org/W4319731255","https://openalex.org/W4320727249","https://openalex.org/W4328126040","https://openalex.org/W4353048134","https://openalex.org/W4379033625","https://openalex.org/W4382242087","https://openalex.org/W4386223672","https://openalex.org/W4386921745","https://openalex.org/W4386957668","https://openalex.org/W4388946655","https://openalex.org/W4389991985","https://openalex.org/W4391347109","https://openalex.org/W4391487214","https://openalex.org/W4391815780","https://openalex.org/W4391841701","https://openalex.org/W4392356761","https://openalex.org/W4392562344","https://openalex.org/W4392626913","https://openalex.org/W4394687978","https://openalex.org/W4399433746","https://openalex.org/W4400213921","https://openalex.org/W4400399699","https://openalex.org/W4400876926","https://openalex.org/W4401125210","https://openalex.org/W4401555602","https://openalex.org/W4401834986","https://openalex.org/W4402373113","https://openalex.org/W4403457107","https://openalex.org/W4403527498","https://openalex.org/W4404633243"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Gut":[0],"microbiome":[1,24,51,125],"research":[2,86,91,191,200],"has":[3],"made":[4],"tremendous":[5],"progress,":[6],"especially":[7],"with":[8,148],"the":[9,68,130,139,146,152,162,187,190,207],"integration":[10],"of":[11,34,70,116,141,189,209,214],"machine":[12,71,117],"learning":[13,72,118],"and":[14,26,43,59,73,78,96,106,119],"artificial":[15,36,75,120,203],"intelligence":[16,37,76,121,204],"that":[17],"can":[18],"provide":[19],"new":[20],"insights":[21],"from":[22,107],"complex":[23],"data":[25,52],"its":[27],"impact":[28],"on":[29,201],"human":[30],"health.":[31],"The":[32,156],"use":[33,69,140],"explainable":[35,74,178,202],"is":[38,53],"becoming":[39],"critical":[40],"in":[41,46,61,82,84,123,129,138,145,161,173,206],"medicine":[42],"adopting":[44],"it":[45,165],"precision":[47,216],"medicine-models":[48],"leveraging":[49],"gut":[50,124],"appealing":[54],"for":[55,198],"providing":[56],"more":[57],"transparency":[58],"trustworthiness":[60],"clinical":[62,114],"research.":[63],"This":[64,194],"scoping":[65],"review":[66,195],"evaluates":[67],"techniques":[77,122],"identifies":[79],"existing":[80],"gaps":[81],"knowledge":[83],"this":[85],"area":[87],"to":[88,100,167,186],"suggest":[89],"future":[90,212],"directions.":[92],"Online":[93],"databases":[94],"(PubMed":[95],"Scopus)":[97],"were":[98,127],"searched":[99],"retrieve":[101],"papers":[102],"published":[103],"between":[104],"2018-2024,":[105],"which":[108],"we":[109],"selected":[110],"76":[111],"publications.":[112],"Different":[113],"applications":[115,175,213],"studies":[126],"explored":[128],"reviewed":[131],"articles.":[132],"We":[133],"observed":[134],"a":[135],"high":[136],"prevalence":[137],"black":[142],"box":[143],"models":[144,205],"field,":[147,163],"Random":[149],"Forest":[150],"being":[151],"most":[153],"used":[154],"algorithm.":[155],"explainability":[157],"remains":[158],"somewhat":[159],"limited":[160],"but":[164],"appears":[166],"be":[168],"improving.":[169],"Researchers":[170],"showed":[171],"interest":[172],"SHAP":[174],"as":[176],"an":[177],"technique.":[179],"Finally,":[180],"not":[181],"enough":[182],"attention":[183],"was":[184],"paid":[185],"reproducibility":[188],"work":[192],"published.":[193],"highlights":[196],"opportunities":[197],"advancing":[199],"field":[208],"microbiome,":[210],"supporting":[211],"microbiome-based":[215],"medicine.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-11T00:00:00"}