{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409474027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3561071","title":"Generative Reconstruction of Multimodal Cardiac Waveforms From a Single Vibrational Cardiography Sensor","display_name":"Generative Reconstruction of Multimodal Cardiac Waveforms From a Single Vibrational Cardiography Sensor","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409474027","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3561071","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40232909"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3561071","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3561071","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3561071","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025028328","display_name":"James Skoric","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3418-6635"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Skoric","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3418-6635","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000009852","display_name":"Yannick D\u2019Mello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7922-7475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yannick D'Mello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7922-7475","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080230991","display_name":"David V. Plant","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David V. Plant","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4629,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59681893,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"9","first_page":"6576","last_page":"6587"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.8982999920845032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.8982999920845032,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5462538599967957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.5389540791511536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4962201714515686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.42637547850608826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.41915401816368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3607051968574524}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5462538599967957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.5389540791511536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4962201714515686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.42637547850608826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.41915401816368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3607051968574524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002307","descriptor_name":"Cardiography, Impedance","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002307","descriptor_name":"Cardiography, Impedance","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002307","descriptor_name":"Cardiography, Impedance","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002307","descriptor_name":"Cardiography, Impedance","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006321","descriptor_name":"Heart","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3561071","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3561071","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40232909","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40232909","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3561071","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3561071","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310638","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":71,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1941358101","https://openalex.org/W1996828811","https://openalex.org/W2017867616","https://openalex.org/W2025350772","https://openalex.org/W2041726586","https://openalex.org/W2064797905","https://openalex.org/W2073508802","https://openalex.org/W2080422716","https://openalex.org/W2087522345","https://openalex.org/W2139390955","https://openalex.org/W2140654802","https://openalex.org/W2148325642","https://openalex.org/W2294418644","https://openalex.org/W2295654473","https://openalex.org/W2396881363","https://openalex.org/W2402687032","https://openalex.org/W2425462918","https://openalex.org/W2530643226","https://openalex.org/W2559838013","https://openalex.org/W2604465547","https://openalex.org/W2611511060","https://openalex.org/W2783795641","https://openalex.org/W2795302640","https://openalex.org/W2886783112","https://openalex.org/W2894956427","https://openalex.org/W2896674935","https://openalex.org/W2910678199","https://openalex.org/W2914690208","https://openalex.org/W2922059327","https://openalex.org/W2963073614","https://openalex.org/W2964369558","https://openalex.org/W2967051820","https://openalex.org/W2973316003","https://openalex.org/W2979664336","https://openalex.org/W3013206380","https://openalex.org/W3042995237","https://openalex.org/W3048926877","https://openalex.org/W3082476397","https://openalex.org/W3083069717","https://openalex.org/W3089350906","https://openalex.org/W3092849554","https://openalex.org/W3096276789","https://openalex.org/W3127637041","https://openalex.org/W3157843597","https://openalex.org/W3163705825","https://openalex.org/W3189630557","https://openalex.org/W3200597478","https://openalex.org/W4210587622","https://openalex.org/W4213232147","https://openalex.org/W4220843894","https://openalex.org/W4283170191","https://openalex.org/W4285244888","https://openalex.org/W4293191667","https://openalex.org/W4295564702","https://openalex.org/W4309665373","https://openalex.org/W4313413294","https://openalex.org/W4319300510","https://openalex.org/W4323027496","https://openalex.org/W4323652863","https://openalex.org/W4384517901","https://openalex.org/W4385604071","https://openalex.org/W4387624010","https://openalex.org/W4388667109","https://openalex.org/W4391974619","https://openalex.org/W4393147283","https://openalex.org/W4394994620","https://openalex.org/W4400488069","https://openalex.org/W4401222756","https://openalex.org/W4403674583","https://openalex.org/W4409619262"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2053269318","https://openalex.org/W2364370872","https://openalex.org/W1974895211","https://openalex.org/W2129841057","https://openalex.org/W3040712279","https://openalex.org/W2176409448","https://openalex.org/W2097963413","https://openalex.org/W2294335174","https://openalex.org/W2033914206","https://openalex.org/W2042327336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multimodal":[0],"cardiac":[1,45,183,203,225],"monitoring":[2,16,226],"systems":[3],"require":[4],"multiple":[5,44,202],"sensors.":[6],"This":[7,214],"complexity":[8],"renders":[9],"them":[10],"impractical":[11],"in":[12,17,227],"scenarios":[13],"requiring":[14],"continuous":[15,224],"everyday":[18],"life.":[19,229],"To":[20,72],"overcome":[21],"this":[22],"limitation,":[23],"we":[24,82,189],"demonstrate":[25,166,190],"a":[26,38,117,206],"generative":[27,198],"modeling":[28],"framework":[29],"that":[30,129,167],"leverages":[31],"the":[32,52,74,89,130,178,191,217,221],"vibrational":[33],"cardiography":[34,63],"(VCG)":[35],"signal":[36],"from":[37,109],"single,":[39],"wearable":[40],"sensor":[41,212],"to":[42,100,121,180,200,209,219],"estimate":[43,201],"waveforms.":[46],"We":[47,127,165],"recorded":[48],"VCG":[49,110,196],"signals":[50,108],"at":[51],"xiphoid":[53],"process":[54],"of":[55,76,152,193,223],"20":[56],"subjects,":[57],"along":[58],"with":[59,136,147,197],"electrocardiography":[60],"(ECG),":[61],"impedance":[62],"(ICG),":[64],"non-invasive":[65],"blood":[66],"pressure":[67],"(NIBP),":[68],"and":[69,79,88,106,144,156,162],"photoplethysmography":[70],"(PPG).":[71],"broaden":[73],"range":[75],"cardiac,":[77],"respiratory,":[78],"hemodynamic":[80],"responses,":[81],"included":[83],"breath":[84],"holding,":[85],"deep":[86],"breathing,":[87],"cold":[90],"pressor":[91],"test.":[92],"A":[93],"conditional":[94],"Generative":[95],"Adversarial":[96],"Network":[97],"was":[98,114],"trained":[99],"reconstruct":[101],"normalized":[102],"ECG,":[103,159],"ICG,":[104,161],"NIBP,":[105,160],"PPG":[107],"inputs.":[111],"The":[112,173],"model":[113],"evaluated":[115],"using":[116],"leave-one-subject-out":[118],"validation":[119],"scheme":[120],"assess":[122],"calibration-free":[123],"generalization":[124],"across":[125,171],"individuals.":[126],"show":[128],"reconstructed":[131],"waveforms":[132],"exhibit":[133],"strong":[134],"alignment":[135],"their":[137],"respective":[138],"targets,":[139],"capturing":[140],"both":[141],"morphological":[142],"structure":[143],"temporal":[145],"dynamics,":[146],"median":[148],"Pearson's":[149],"correlation":[150],"coefficients":[151],"0.808,":[153],"0.907,":[154],"0.833,":[155],"0.929":[157],"for":[158],"PPG,":[163],"respectively.":[164],"accuracy":[168],"is":[169],"consistent":[170],"interventions.":[172],"fiducial":[174],"point":[175],"analysis":[176],"demonstrated":[177],"ability":[179],"capture":[181],"key":[182],"features":[184],"within":[185],"each":[186],"waveform.":[187],"Hence,":[188],"viability":[192],"combining":[194],"single-sensor":[195],"modelling":[199],"waveforms,":[204],"offering":[205],"streamlined":[207],"alternative":[208],"conventional":[210],"multimodal":[211],"systems.":[213],"approach":[215],"has":[216],"potential":[218],"improve":[220],"practicality":[222],"daily":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}