{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408323898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3550092","title":"Continuous Heart Rate Recovery Monitoring With ECG Signals From Wearables: Identifying Risk Groups in the General Population","display_name":"Continuous Heart Rate Recovery Monitoring With ECG Signals From Wearables: Identifying Risk Groups in the General Population","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408323898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3550092","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40067718"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3550092","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3550092","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3550092","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ayse Dogan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4299-2239"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ayse Dogan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial & Enterprise Systems Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4299-2239","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial & Enterprise Systems Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003348712","display_name":"Alka Bishnoi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6298-4963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47449453","display_name":"Kean University","ror":"https://ror.org/04wzzqn13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47449453"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alka Bishnoi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physical Therapy, Kean University, Union, NJ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical Therapy, Kean University, Union, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47449453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018183293","display_name":"Richard B. Sowers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0531-7918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard B. Sowers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial & Enterprise Systems Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0531-7918","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial & Enterprise Systems Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026209495","display_name":"Manuel E. Hernandez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3501-9508"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuel E. Hernandez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biomedical and Translational Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3501-9508","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biomedical and Translational Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2044,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91196916,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"8","first_page":"5493","last_page":"5502"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9441999793052673,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9441999793052673,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9143000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.7731363773345947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5598026514053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.48660504817962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrocardiography","display_name":"Electrocardiography","score":0.42504650354385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.321735680103302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.31785622239112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiology","display_name":"Cardiology","score":0.2096771001815796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.13139712810516357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-health","display_name":"Environmental health","score":0.0801156759262085}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.7731363773345947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5598026514053345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.48660504817962646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780040984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79785","display_name":"Electrocardiography","level":2,"score":0.42504650354385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.321735680103302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.31785622239112854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.2096771001815796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.13139712810516357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0801156759262085}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000076251","descriptor_name":"Wearable Electronic Devices","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004562","descriptor_name":"Electrocardiography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060388","descriptor_name":"Support Vector Machine","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3550092","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3550092","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:40067718","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40067718","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2025.3550092","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2025.3550092","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W147932441","https://openalex.org/W1845533652","https://openalex.org/W1965558627","https://openalex.org/W1967256874","https://openalex.org/W1997332894","https://openalex.org/W2003838702","https://openalex.org/W2004042390","https://openalex.org/W2008306340","https://openalex.org/W2015242484","https://openalex.org/W2024147760","https://openalex.org/W2024332347","https://openalex.org/W2029300662","https://openalex.org/W2046832318","https://openalex.org/W2061520159","https://openalex.org/W2066692710","https://openalex.org/W2073205014","https://openalex.org/W2073950958","https://openalex.org/W2085469321","https://openalex.org/W2096857234","https://openalex.org/W2098998955","https://openalex.org/W2117360311","https://openalex.org/W2122517405","https://openalex.org/W2134536685","https://openalex.org/W2140081133","https://openalex.org/W2140620207","https://openalex.org/W2146680578","https://openalex.org/W2150194516","https://openalex.org/W2170537036","https://openalex.org/W2290941980","https://openalex.org/W2318588083","https://openalex.org/W2613107176","https://openalex.org/W2735444410","https://openalex.org/W2768267412","https://openalex.org/W2802541262","https://openalex.org/W2912229064","https://openalex.org/W3004465995","https://openalex.org/W3081757329","https://openalex.org/W3104595578","https://openalex.org/W4200158107","https://openalex.org/W4283373867","https://openalex.org/W4283593236","https://openalex.org/W4392772288","https://openalex.org/W4400314779","https://openalex.org/W6601554702","https://openalex.org/W6708275533"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3031052312","https://openalex.org/W4389568370","https://openalex.org/W3032375762","https://openalex.org/W1995515455","https://openalex.org/W2080531066","https://openalex.org/W3108674512","https://openalex.org/W1506200166","https://openalex.org/W1489783725"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Heart":[0],"rate":[1],"recovery":[2],"(HRR)":[3],"is":[4,26],"a":[5,46,88,145],"critical":[6],"indicator":[7],"of":[8,121,131,148,158,165],"cardiovascular":[9,30,174],"fitness":[10],"and":[11,21,31,62,178,185],"autonomic":[12],"nervous":[13],"system":[14],"function,":[15],"reflecting":[16],"the":[17,117,129,156,162],"balance":[18],"between":[19],"sympathetic":[20],"parasympathetic":[22],"activity.":[23],"Slower":[24],"HRR":[25,94,149],"often":[27],"linked":[28],"to":[29,51,55,75,96,155],"metabolic":[32],"disorders,":[33],"highlighting":[34],"its":[35],"potential":[36],"for":[37,172],"identifying":[38],"high-risk":[39,59],"individuals.":[40],"In":[41],"this":[42],"study,":[43],"we":[44],"developed":[45],"feature":[47],"engineering":[48],"approach":[49,112],"integrated":[50],"wearable":[52,137],"device":[53],"data":[54],"classify":[56],"individuals":[57],"into":[58],"(slower":[60],"HRR)":[61,65],"low-risk":[63],"(faster":[64],"groups.":[66],"Data":[67],"were":[68,103],"collected":[69],"from":[70],"38":[71],"participants":[72],"(aged":[73],"20":[74],"76":[76],"years,":[77],"55.26%":[78],"women)":[79],"during":[80,161],"treadmill":[81],"trial,":[82],"with":[83,92,123],"ECG":[84],"signals":[85],"recorded":[86],"using":[87],"smart":[89],"shirt.":[90],"Participants":[91],"an":[93,114],"equal":[95],"28":[97],"beats":[98],"per":[99],"minute":[100],"or":[101],"below":[102],"classified":[104],"as":[105,144],"high-risk.":[106],"Using":[107],"machine":[108],"learning":[109],"classifiers,":[110],"our":[111,151],"achieved":[113],"area":[115],"under":[116],"curve":[118],"(AUC)":[119],"score":[120],"86%":[122],"Support":[124],"Vector":[125],"Classifier":[126],"(SVC),":[127],"demonstrating":[128],"feasibility":[130],"continuous":[132],"heart":[133],"health":[134,175],"monitoring":[135,176],"via":[136],"devices.":[138],"Interestingly,":[139],"age":[140],"did":[141],"not":[142],"emerge":[143],"significant":[146],"predictor":[147],"in":[150,182],"analysis,":[152],"possibly":[153],"due":[154],"impact":[157],"lifestyle":[159],"changes":[160],"lockdown":[163],"policy":[164],"COVID-19":[166],"era.":[167],"This":[168],"method":[169],"holds":[170],"promise":[171],"improving":[173],"accessibility":[177],"could":[179],"support":[180],"physicians":[181],"risk":[183],"assessment":[184],"clinical":[186],"decision-making.":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-03T09:05:47.796612","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}