{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403332742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2024.3478809","title":"LKAN: LLM-Based Knowledge-Aware Attention Network for Clinical Staging of Liver Cancer","display_name":"LKAN: LLM-Based Knowledge-Aware Attention Network for Clinical Staging of Liver Cancer","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403332742","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2024.3478809","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39392729"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2024.3478809","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2024.3478809","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100343657","display_name":"Ya Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3351-7909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122543","display_name":"Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02pcb5m77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ya Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, China","School of Electronics and Information, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3351-7909","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111362481","display_name":"Xuecong Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122543","display_name":"Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02pcb5m77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuecong Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, China","School of Electronics and Information, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4279-2788","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033707375","display_name":"Jiaping Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2927-8877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128921","display_name":"The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/037p24858","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128921"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaping Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Interventional Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2927-8877","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Interventional Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358","https://openalex.org/I4210128921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042977820","display_name":"Qingyun Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7561-3704"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210122543","display_name":"Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02pcb5m77","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingyun Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics and Information, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, China","School of Electronics and Information, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7561-3704","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics and Information, Guangdong Polytechnic Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210122543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076335744","display_name":"Chang\u2010Dong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5972-559X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang-Dong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5972-559X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100337209","display_name":"Min Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0960-4447"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0960-4447","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4606,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84602528,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"4","first_page":"3007","last_page":"3020"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9567999839782715,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9567999839782715,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9107000231742859,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.9014999866485596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6345769166946411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liver-cancer","display_name":"Liver cancer","score":0.4945375621318817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer","display_name":"Cancer","score":0.4256436824798584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34925201535224915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-physics","display_name":"Medical physics","score":0.32562464475631714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3081819415092468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.10842189192771912}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6345769166946411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776231280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623031","display_name":"Liver cancer","level":3,"score":0.4945375621318817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.4256436824798584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34925201535224915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.32562464475631714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3081819415092468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.10842189192771912}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008113","descriptor_name":"Liver Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009367","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Staging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009367","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Staging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009367","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Staging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009367","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Staging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009367","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Staging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009367","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Staging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009367","descriptor_name":"Neoplasm Staging","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2024.3478809","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2024.3478809","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39392729","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39392729","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3159983421","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62276277","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G611205877","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFF1201200","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1587807025","https://openalex.org/W1986533360","https://openalex.org/W2010576059","https://openalex.org/W2293063104","https://openalex.org/W2338526423","https://openalex.org/W2470673105","https://openalex.org/W2836242602","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2911489562","https://openalex.org/W2944852028","https://openalex.org/W2970105478","https://openalex.org/W2971296908","https://openalex.org/W2976476443","https://openalex.org/W2985353426","https://openalex.org/W2990505288","https://openalex.org/W2991084993","https://openalex.org/W3022806210","https://openalex.org/W3046375318","https://openalex.org/W3083968950","https://openalex.org/W3099108820","https://openalex.org/W3115653677","https://openalex.org/W3128646645","https://openalex.org/W3156333129","https://openalex.org/W3174828871","https://openalex.org/W3180181113","https://openalex.org/W3188542058","https://openalex.org/W3198571567","https://openalex.org/W3202947507","https://openalex.org/W3206224646","https://openalex.org/W3208624098","https://openalex.org/W3211326549","https://openalex.org/W3213233983","https://openalex.org/W4205835719","https://openalex.org/W4206248047","https://openalex.org/W4213177585","https://openalex.org/W4221166835","https://openalex.org/W4223895485","https://openalex.org/W4239510810","https://openalex.org/W4286210106","https://openalex.org/W4302022990","https://openalex.org/W4308891835","https://openalex.org/W4312093743","https://openalex.org/W4364322315","https://openalex.org/W4382680795","https://openalex.org/W4385456320","https://openalex.org/W4385755373","https://openalex.org/W4385798846","https://openalex.org/W4386565663","https://openalex.org/W4386833265","https://openalex.org/W4402512745","https://openalex.org/W4406983345","https://openalex.org/W6640036494","https://openalex.org/W6778883912","https://openalex.org/W6798398338","https://openalex.org/W6800945667","https://openalex.org/W6810988597","https://openalex.org/W6858556105","https://openalex.org/W6891832266"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3031052312","https://openalex.org/W4389568370","https://openalex.org/W3032375762","https://openalex.org/W1995515455","https://openalex.org/W2080531066","https://openalex.org/W3108674512","https://openalex.org/W2360949490","https://openalex.org/W2389089521","https://openalex.org/W2394327059"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Clinical":[0],"staging":[1],"of":[2,23,111],"liver":[3,12,24,34,96,112,116],"cancer":[4,13,35,97,113,117],"(CSoLC),":[5],"an":[6,189],"important":[7],"indicator":[8],"for":[9,61,167,170,199],"evaluating":[10],"primary":[11],"(PLC),":[14],"is":[15,39,70,193,205],"key":[16,64],"in":[17,102,105],"the":[18,28,32,67,73,79,85,106,216,224,230],"diagnosis,":[19],"treatment,":[20],"and":[21,84,94,127,133,175,185,211,239],"rehabilitation":[22],"cancer.":[25],"In":[26],"China,":[27],"current":[29],"CSoLC":[30],"adopts":[31],"China":[33],"(CNLC)":[36],"staging,":[37],"which":[38],"usually":[40],"evaluated":[41],"by":[42,207],"clinicians":[43],"based":[44],"on":[45,219],"radiology":[46,54,191],"reports.":[47],"Therefore,":[48],"inferring":[49],"clinical":[50],"information":[51],"from":[52],"unstructured":[53],"reports":[55,137],"can":[56],"provide":[57],"auxiliary":[58],"decision":[59],"support":[60],"clinicians.":[62],"The":[63,115],"to":[65,71,75,78,124,148,181,195,214],"solving":[66],"challenging":[68],"task":[69],"guide":[72,215],"model":[74,161],"pay":[76],"attention":[77,204],"staging-related":[80,150],"words":[81],"or":[82],"sentences,":[83],"following":[86],"issues":[87,126],"may":[88],"occur:":[89],"1)":[90],"Imbalanced":[91],"categories:":[92],"Early-":[93],"mid-stage":[95],"symptoms":[98],"are":[99,179],"subtle,":[100],"resulting":[101],"more":[103,183],"data":[104],"end-stage.":[107],"2)":[108],"Domain":[109],"sensitivity":[110],"data:":[114],"dataset":[118],"contains":[119],"substantial":[120],"domain":[121,197],"knowledge,":[122],"leading":[123],"out-of-vocabulary":[125],"reduced":[128],"classification":[129],"accuracy.":[130],"3)":[131],"Free-text":[132],"lengthy":[134],"report:":[135],"Radiology":[136],"sparsely":[138],"describe":[139],"various":[140],"lesions":[141],"using":[142],"domain-specific":[143],"terms,":[144],"making":[145],"it":[146],"hard":[147],"mine":[149],"information.":[151,221],"To":[152],"address":[153],"these,":[154],"this":[155],"article":[156],"proposes":[157],"a":[158,176],"large":[159],"language":[160],"(LLM)-based":[162],"Knowledge-aware":[163],"Attention":[164],"Network":[165],"(LKAN)":[166],"CSoLC.":[168],"First,":[169],"maintaining":[171],"semantic":[172],"consistency,":[173],"LLM":[174],"rule-based":[177],"algorithm":[178],"integrated":[180],"generate":[182],"diverse":[184],"reasonable":[186],"data.":[187],"Second,":[188],"unlabeled":[190],"corpus":[192],"pre-trained":[194],"introduce":[196],"knowledge":[198],"subsequent":[200],"representation":[201],"learning.":[202],"Third,":[203],"improved":[206],"incorporating":[208],"both":[209],"global":[210],"local":[212],"features":[213],"model's":[217],"focus":[218],"staging-relevant":[220],"Compared":[222],"with":[223,233],"baseline":[225],"models,":[226],"LKAN":[227],"has":[228],"achieved":[229],"best":[231],"results":[232],"90.3%":[234],"Accuracy,":[235],"90.0%":[236,240],"Macro_F1":[237],"score,":[238],"Macro_Recall.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
