{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402449873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2024.3458794","title":"GIAE-DTI: Predicting Drug-Target Interactions Based on Heterogeneous Network and GIN-Based Graph Autoencoder","display_name":"GIAE-DTI: Predicting Drug-Target Interactions Based on Heterogeneous Network and GIN-Based Graph Autoencoder","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402449873","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2024.3458794","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39259623"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2024.3458794","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2024.3458794","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100707460","display_name":"Mengdi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2101-9507"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88830068","display_name":"Shaanxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0170z8493","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengdi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058768577","display_name":"Xiujuan Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9901-1732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88830068","display_name":"Shaanxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0170z8493","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiujuan Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9901-1732","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081681750","display_name":"Lian Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5778-5230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88830068","display_name":"Shaanxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0170z8493","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lian Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5778-5230","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052767895","display_name":"Jianrui Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-4540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88830068","display_name":"Shaanxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0170z8493","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianrui Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9104-4540","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88830068"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091157395","display_name":"Fang\u2010Xiang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-9332"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32625721","display_name":"University of Saskatchewan","ror":"https://ror.org/010x8gc63","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang-Xiang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering and Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada","Division of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering and Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatchewan, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4593-9332","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering and Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering and Department of Computer Science, University of Saskatchewan, 57 Campus Drive, Saskatchewan, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32625721"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4587,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93482532,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"11","first_page":"7896","last_page":"7909"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10211","display_name":"Computational Drug Discovery Methods","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10887","display_name":"Bioinformatics and Genomic Networks","score":0.9422000050544739,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11440","display_name":"Click Chemistry and Applications","score":0.9088000059127808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.7645659446716309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6915962100028992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5336015820503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph-theory","display_name":"Graph theory","score":0.4897725582122803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46605026721954346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3450537919998169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3236587643623352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.24972108006477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14547869563102722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.11672970652580261}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.7645659446716309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6915962100028992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5336015820503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88230418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131476","display_name":"Graph theory","level":2,"score":0.4897725582122803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46605026721954346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3450537919998169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3236587643623352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.24972108006477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14547869563102722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.11672970652580261}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098446","descriptor_name":"Autoencoder","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098446","descriptor_name":"Autoencoder","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000098446","descriptor_name":"Autoencoder","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004347","descriptor_name":"Drug Interactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004347","descriptor_name":"Drug Interactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004347","descriptor_name":"Drug Interactions","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019295","descriptor_name":"Computational Biology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055808","descriptor_name":"Drug Discovery","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055808","descriptor_name":"Drug Discovery","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055808","descriptor_name":"Drug Discovery","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058492","descriptor_name":"Drug Repositioning","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058492","descriptor_name":"Drug Repositioning","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058492","descriptor_name":"Drug Repositioning","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2024.3458794","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2024.3458794","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:39259623","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39259623","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6579278899","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62272288","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2029348196","https://openalex.org/W2033591223","https://openalex.org/W2044002635","https://openalex.org/W2060145168","https://openalex.org/W2093313266","https://openalex.org/W2105668062","https://openalex.org/W2127587566","https://openalex.org/W2259538443","https://openalex.org/W2278874757","https://openalex.org/W2343107734","https://openalex.org/W2558461040","https://openalex.org/W2753953057","https://openalex.org/W2892573831","https://openalex.org/W2952522777","https://openalex.org/W3012012790","https://openalex.org/W3018980093","https://openalex.org/W3028589594","https://openalex.org/W3085429933","https://openalex.org/W3135690269","https://openalex.org/W3137816310","https://openalex.org/W3158002239","https://openalex.org/W3167993868","https://openalex.org/W3170286690","https://openalex.org/W3176280116","https://openalex.org/W3188463051","https://openalex.org/W3206585172","https://openalex.org/W4205167309","https://openalex.org/W4210683988","https://openalex.org/W4225873739","https://openalex.org/W4240545411","https://openalex.org/W4307178567","https://openalex.org/W4313530695","https://openalex.org/W4316669746","https://openalex.org/W4318150241","https://openalex.org/W4366685208","https://openalex.org/W4390245896","https://openalex.org/W4390331481","https://openalex.org/W4392172616","https://openalex.org/W4392172738"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3013693939","https://openalex.org/W2159052453","https://openalex.org/W2566616303","https://openalex.org/W3131327266","https://openalex.org/W2891286602","https://openalex.org/W4385627933","https://openalex.org/W2532801570","https://openalex.org/W2480127678","https://openalex.org/W2806270048","https://openalex.org/W4310605282"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"prediction":[1],"of":[2,17,23,67,86,193,225],"drug-target":[3,110,121],"interactions":[4,122],"(DTIs)":[5],"is":[6,113,143,152,173],"essential":[7],"for":[8,76,145,164],"advancing":[9],"drug":[10],"discovery":[11],"and":[12,34,44,69,71,88,97,100,120,166,190,195,214],"repurposing.":[13],"However,":[14],"the":[15,21,49,80,83,91,106,131,184,202,222,226],"sparsity":[16],"DTI":[18,32,77,199],"data":[19],"limits":[20],"effectiveness":[22],"existing":[24],"computational":[25],"methods,":[26],"which":[27,63],"primarily":[28],"focus":[29],"on":[30,138,183,209],"sparse":[31],"networks":[33],"have":[35],"poor":[36],"performance":[37],"in":[38,160,198,229],"aggregating":[39],"information":[40],"from":[41,90],"neighboring":[42],"nodes":[43,47],"representing":[45],"isolated":[46],"within":[48],"network.":[50],"In":[51,130],"this":[52],"study,":[53],"we":[54],"propose":[55],"a":[56,73,109,134,139,149,169],"novel":[57],"deep":[58,170],"learning":[59],"framework,":[60],"named":[61],"GIAE-DTI,":[62],"considers":[64],"cross-modal":[65,84],"similarity":[66,85,102],"drugs":[68,87,165,216],"targets":[70,213],"constructs":[72],"heterogeneous":[74,111,132],"network":[75,112,142,172],"prediction.":[78],"Firstly,":[79],"model":[81],"calculates":[82],"proteins":[89],"relationships":[92],"among":[93],"drugs,":[94],"proteins,":[95],"diseases,":[96],"side":[98],"effects,":[99],"performs":[101],"integration":[103],"by":[104,124],"taking":[105],"average.":[107],"Then,":[108],"constructed,":[114],"including":[115],"drug-drug":[116],"interactions,":[117,119],"protein-protein":[118],"processed":[123],"weighted":[125],"K":[126],"nearest":[127],"known":[128],"neighbors.":[129],"network,":[133],"graph":[135,140],"autoencoder":[136],"based":[137],"isomorphism":[141],"employed":[144,174],"feature":[146,162],"extraction,":[147],"while":[148],"dual":[150],"decoder":[151],"utilized":[153],"to":[154,175,218],"achieve":[155],"better":[156],"self-supervised":[157],"learning,":[158],"resulting":[159],"latent":[161],"representations":[163],"targets.":[167],"Finally,":[168],"neural":[171],"predict":[176],"DTIs.":[177],"The":[178],"experimental":[179],"results":[180],"indicate":[181],"that":[182],"benchmark":[185],"dataset,":[186],"GIAE-DTI":[187],"achieves":[188],"AUC":[189],"AUPR":[191],"scores":[192],"0.9533":[194],"0.9619,":[196],"respectively,":[197],"prediction,":[200],"outperforming":[201],"current":[203],"state-of-the-art":[204],"methods.":[205],"Additionally,":[206],"case":[207],"studies":[208],"four":[210],"5-hydroxytryptamine":[211],"receptor-related":[212],"five":[215],"related":[217],"mental":[219],"diseases":[220],"show":[221],"great":[223],"potential":[224],"proposed":[227],"method":[228],"practical":[230],"applications.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2025-12-23T23:11:35.936235","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}