{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390603852","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2024.3350232","title":"Federated Learning Approach for Secured Medical Recommendation in Internet of Medical Things Using Homomorphic Encryption","display_name":"Federated Learning Approach for Secured Medical Recommendation in Internet of Medical Things Using Homomorphic Encryption","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390603852","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2024.3350232","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38190666"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2024.3350232","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2024.3350232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018992793","display_name":"Eric Appiah Mantey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9918-6524"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3133053536","display_name":"Wittenborg University","ror":"https://ror.org/020z55s31","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3133053536"]}],"countries":["CN","NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eric Appiah Mantey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wittenborg University of Applied Sciences, Brinklaan 268, Apeldoorn, Netherlands","Computer Science Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wittenborg University of Applied Sciences, Brinklaan 268, Apeldoorn, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3133053536"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102022939","display_name":"Conghua Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6727-6405"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Conghua Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086307930","display_name":"Joseph Henry Anajemba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1199-7446"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117222138","display_name":"Abu Dhabi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r3kjq03","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117222138"]}],"countries":["AE","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joseph Henry Anajemba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","Information Security Engineering Technology Department, Abu Dhabi Polytechnic, MBZ-UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Security Engineering Technology Department, Abu Dhabi Polytechnic, MBZ-UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117222138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040859203","display_name":"John Kingsley Arthur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8557-1336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Kingsley Arthur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032512488","display_name":"Yasir Hamid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1334-2651"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117222138","display_name":"Abu Dhabi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r3kjq03","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117222138"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasir Hamid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Security Engineering Technology, Abu Dhabi Polytechnic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Security Engineering Technology, Abu Dhabi Polytechnic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117222138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092277627","display_name":"Atif Chowhan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3193-4298"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I117222138","display_name":"Abu Dhabi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r3kjq03","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I117222138"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atif Chowhan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Security Engineering Technology, Abu Dhabi Polytechnic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Security Engineering Technology, Abu Dhabi Polytechnic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I117222138"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018372720","display_name":"Obinna Ogbonnia Otuu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9751-7035"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39586589","display_name":"Swansea University","ror":"https://ror.org/053fq8t95","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Obinna Ogbonnia Otuu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Swansea University, Swansea, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Swansea University, Swansea, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018992793"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961","https://openalex.org/I3133053536"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":19.203,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99476281,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"6","first_page":"3329","last_page":"3340"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11612","display_name":"Stochastic Gradient Optimization Techniques","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/homomorphic-encryption","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","score":0.9063082933425903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8613162636756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.5523489713668823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.5374757647514343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.5118898153305054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.46510300040245056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4199146032333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recommender-system","display_name":"Recommender system","score":0.41980844736099243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.4173821210861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-privacy","display_name":"Information privacy","score":0.41427552700042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.37786054611206055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3358824849128723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.33550816774368286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2736981511116028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2633481025695801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.2309914529323578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08114588260650635}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158338273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154943","display_name":"Homomorphic encryption","level":3,"score":0.9063082933425903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8613162636756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.5523489713668823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.5374757647514343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5118898153305054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.46510300040245056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4199146032333374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557471498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554950","display_name":"Recommender system","level":2,"score":0.41980844736099243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4173821210861206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123201435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q456632","display_name":"Information privacy","level":2,"score":0.41427552700042725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.37786054611206055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3358824849128723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.33550816774368286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2736981511116028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2633481025695801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.2309914529323578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08114588260650635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000080487","descriptor_name":"Internet of Things","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000080487","descriptor_name":"Internet of Things","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000080487","descriptor_name":"Internet of Things","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000080487","descriptor_name":"Internet of Things","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000080487","descriptor_name":"Internet of Things","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016494","descriptor_name":"Computer Security","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2024.3350232","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2024.3350232","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:38190666","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38190666","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2735032239","https://openalex.org/W2773194476","https://openalex.org/W2781091734","https://openalex.org/W2788629937","https://openalex.org/W2810065831","https://openalex.org/W2900120080","https://openalex.org/W2903356604","https://openalex.org/W2913777072","https://openalex.org/W2990000708","https://openalex.org/W3015807225","https://openalex.org/W3022221457","https://openalex.org/W3023702284","https://openalex.org/W3038022836","https://openalex.org/W3119161496","https://openalex.org/W3164712068","https://openalex.org/W3167074229","https://openalex.org/W3196596779","https://openalex.org/W4206573848","https://openalex.org/W4206822447","https://openalex.org/W4285196740","https://openalex.org/W4286279706","https://openalex.org/W4298197157","https://openalex.org/W4298221930","https://openalex.org/W4367164280","https://openalex.org/W6712303771","https://openalex.org/W6746388805","https://openalex.org/W6746720608","https://openalex.org/W6748263980","https://openalex.org/W6752600739","https://openalex.org/W6755988804","https://openalex.org/W6756840679","https://openalex.org/W6759238902"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2539930818","https://openalex.org/W4390273403","https://openalex.org/W4393118461","https://openalex.org/W4386781444","https://openalex.org/W4390664647","https://openalex.org/W3012147850","https://openalex.org/W2150182025","https://openalex.org/W4313300189","https://openalex.org/W2949835517","https://openalex.org/W2887779253"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,156,218],"concept":[1],"of":[2,42,50,55,57,63,67,98,123,126,143,151,168,174,199,220,227,245],"Federated":[3],"Learning":[4],"(FL)":[5],"is":[6,22,73,79,88,103,176,235,251],"a":[7,64,121,131,148,171,204,248],"distributed-based":[8],"machine":[9],"learning":[10,33,101,127],"(ML)":[11],"approach":[12,102,133],"that":[13,182,224,258],"trains":[14],"its":[15,104],"model":[16,86],"using":[17],"edge":[18],"devices.":[19,61,93],"Its":[20],"focus":[21],"on":[23,52,75,81,91,185,196],"maintaining":[24],"privacy":[25,109],"by":[26],"transmitting":[27,209],"gradient":[28,232],"updates":[29],"along":[30],"with":[31,163],"users'":[32],"parameters":[34,83],"to":[35,106,146,165],"the":[36,40,48,53,70,76,82,85,95,124,141,166,189,197,200,215,225,243,265],"global":[37,77,190,216],"server":[38,78,191],"in":[39,113,242],"process":[41,125],"training":[43,71],"as":[44,46,253],"well":[45],"preserving":[47],"integrity":[49],"data":[51],"user-end":[54],"internet":[56],"medical":[58,136],"things":[59],"(IoMT)":[60],"Instead":[62],"direct":[65],"use":[66,142],"user":[68,108,152],"data,":[69],"which":[72,139],"performed":[74,89],"done":[80],"while":[84,202],"modification":[87,230],"locally":[90],"IoMT":[92],"But":[94],"major":[96],"drawback":[97],"this":[99,117,221],"federated":[100,135,228],"inability":[105],"preserve":[107],"complete":[110],"thereby":[111],"resulting":[112],"gradients":[114,153,187,211],"leakage.":[115],"Thus,":[116],"study":[118],"first":[119],"presents":[120],"summary":[122],"and":[128,213,247],"further":[129],"proposes":[130],"new":[132],"for":[134,208],"recommender":[137],"system":[138],"employs":[140],"homomorphic":[144],"cryptography":[145],"ensure":[147],"more":[149],"privacy-preservation":[150],"during":[154],"recommendations.":[155],"experimental":[157],"results":[158],"indicate":[159,257],"an":[160],"insignificant":[161],"decrease":[162],"respect":[164],"metrics":[167],"accuracy,":[169],"however,":[170],"greater":[172],"percentage":[173],"user-privacy":[175],"achieved.":[177],"Further":[178],"analysis":[179,222],"also":[180],"shows":[181],"performing":[183],"computations":[184],"encrypted":[186],"at":[188,238,269],"scarcely":[192],"has":[193],"any":[194],"impact":[195],"output":[198],"recommendation":[201],"guaranteeing":[203],"supplementary":[205],"secure":[206],"channel":[207],"user-based":[210],"back":[212],"forth":[214],"server.":[217],"result":[219],"indicates":[223],"performance":[226],"stochastic":[229],"minimized":[231],"(FSMMG)":[233],"algorithm":[234],"greatly":[236],"increased":[237],"every":[239],"given":[240],"increase":[241],"number":[244],"users":[246],"good":[249],"convergence":[250],"achieved":[252],"well.":[254],"Also,":[255],"experiments":[256],"when":[259],"compared":[260],"against":[261],"other":[262],"existing":[263],"techniques,":[264],"proposed":[266],"FSMMG":[267],"outperforms":[268],"98.3%":[270],"encryption":[271],"accuracy.":[272]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}