{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386609275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2023.3314282","title":"cbPPGGAN: A Generic Enhancement Framework for Unpaired Pulse Waveforms in Camera-Based Photoplethysmography","display_name":"cbPPGGAN: A Generic Enhancement Framework for Unpaired Pulse Waveforms in Camera-Based Photoplethysmography","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386609275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2023.3314282","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37695961"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2023.3314282","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2023.3314282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101704112","display_name":"Ze Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3956-8205"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ze Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3956-8205","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100771231","display_name":"Haofei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1199-9206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haofei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1199-9206","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100461654","display_name":"Bo Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4179-5263"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4179-5263","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050527785","display_name":"Feng Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9064-7964"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9064-7964","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems, School of Computer Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1305,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74506784,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"2","first_page":"598","last_page":"608"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10745","display_name":"Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11700","display_name":"Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photoplethysmogram","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","score":0.8443809747695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.7767223715782166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6991968750953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6421568393707275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.5727213621139526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fidelity","display_name":"Fidelity","score":0.42500829696655273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3926488161087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3640276789665222}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187885","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","level":3,"score":0.8443809747695923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.7767223715782166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6991968750953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6421568393707275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5727213621139526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776459999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2119376","display_name":"Fidelity","level":2,"score":0.42500829696655273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3926488161087036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3640276789665222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006339","descriptor_name":"Heart Rate","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009038","descriptor_name":"Motion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009038","descriptor_name":"Motion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009038","descriptor_name":"Motion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009038","descriptor_name":"Motion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009038","descriptor_name":"Motion","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016477","descriptor_name":"Artifacts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017156","descriptor_name":"Photoplethysmography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2023.3314282","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2023.3314282","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37695961","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37695961","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"No poverty","score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2131922534","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62202248","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6976983210","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62372019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1589449010","https://openalex.org/W1986273245","https://openalex.org/W2003922338","https://openalex.org/W2008821584","https://openalex.org/W2015375520","https://openalex.org/W2040137929","https://openalex.org/W2069692225","https://openalex.org/W2083872334","https://openalex.org/W2125389028","https://openalex.org/W2218803975","https://openalex.org/W2395639500","https://openalex.org/W2472200183","https://openalex.org/W2517546148","https://openalex.org/W2520509592","https://openalex.org/W2766766681","https://openalex.org/W2768662614","https://openalex.org/W2891841158","https://openalex.org/W2893517024","https://openalex.org/W2958501326","https://openalex.org/W2962793481","https://openalex.org/W2963433879","https://openalex.org/W2979437880","https://openalex.org/W2980584869","https://openalex.org/W2986906199","https://openalex.org/W2998637570","https://openalex.org/W2999926771","https://openalex.org/W3003257820","https://openalex.org/W3087922470","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W3108080438","https://openalex.org/W3110179947","https://openalex.org/W3197956856","https://openalex.org/W3200407957","https://openalex.org/W4297816351","https://openalex.org/W4309178079","https://openalex.org/W4386076620","https://openalex.org/W4392255494","https://openalex.org/W6635143858","https://openalex.org/W6678815747","https://openalex.org/W6743449970","https://openalex.org/W6767419198","https://openalex.org/W6778939222"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2732360296","https://openalex.org/W1994871954","https://openalex.org/W4297152434","https://openalex.org/W2072858761","https://openalex.org/W1540261775","https://openalex.org/W4239033438","https://openalex.org/W1968279762","https://openalex.org/W4318970012","https://openalex.org/W2170552210","https://openalex.org/W2905091233"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Camera-based":[0],"photoplethysmography":[1],"(cbP":[2],"PG)":[3],"is":[4],"a":[5,87,163,241],"non-contact":[6],"technique":[7],"that":[8,89,110,139,167,219],"measures":[9],"cardiac-related":[10],"blood":[11],"volume":[12],"alterations":[13],"in":[14,122,158,184,231,248],"skin":[15],"surface":[16],"vessels":[17],"through":[18],"the":[19,79,103,112,123,128,134,151,169,177,220,228],"analysis":[20,51],"of":[21,52,81,115,153,180,198,209],"facial":[22],"videos.":[23],"While":[24],"traditional":[25,132,181],"approaches":[26,59,183,230],"can":[27,37],"estimate":[28],"heart":[29,53],"rate":[30,54],"(HR)":[31],"under":[32,69],"different":[33,185],"illuminations,":[34],"their":[35,65],"accuracy":[36],"be":[38],"affected":[39],"by":[40,131],"motion":[41],"artifacts,":[42],"leading":[43],"to":[44,77,149],"poor":[45],"waveform":[46,96,178],"fidelity":[47],"and":[48,85,118,144,189,201,204,212,226,234],"hindering":[49],"further":[50],"variability":[55],"(HRV);":[56],"deep":[57],"learning-based":[58],"reconstruct":[60],"high-quality":[61,137],"pulse":[62],"waveform,":[63],"yet":[64],"performance":[66],"significantly":[67],"degrades":[68],"illumination":[70,186],"variations.":[71],"In":[72,147],"this":[73,99],"work,":[74],"we":[75,101,161],"aim":[76],"leverage":[78],"strength":[80],"these":[82],"two":[83],"methods":[84],"propose":[86,102,162],"framework":[88,107,239],"possesses":[90],"favorable":[91],"generalization":[92],"capabilities":[93],"while":[94],"maintaining":[95],"fidelity.":[97],"For":[98],"purpose,":[100],"cbPPGGAN,":[104],"an":[105,249],"enhancement":[106],"for":[108],"cbPPG":[109,223],"enables":[111],"flexible":[113],"incorporation":[114],"both":[116],"unpaired":[117],"paired":[119,154],"data":[120,156],"sources":[121],"training":[124,155],"process.":[125],"Based":[126],"on":[127],"waveforms":[129,138],"extracted":[130],"approaches,":[133],"cbPPGGAN":[135,221],"reconstructs":[136],"enable":[140],"accurate":[141,245],"HR":[142,232,246],"estimation":[143,233,247],"HRV":[145,235],"analysis.":[146,236],"addition,":[148],"address":[150],"lack":[152],"problems":[157],"real-world":[159],"applications,":[160],"cycle":[164],"consistency":[165,171],"loss":[166],"guarantees":[168],"time-frequency":[170],"before/after":[172],"mapping.":[173],"The":[174,237],"method":[175],"enhances":[176,222],"quality":[179,225],"POS":[182],"tests":[187],"(BH-rPPG)":[188],"cross-datasets":[190],"(UBFC-rPPG)":[191],"with":[192],"mean":[193],"absolute":[194],"error":[195],"(MAE)":[196],"values":[197,208],"1.34":[199],"bpm":[200],"1.65":[202],"bpm,":[203],"average":[205],"beat-to-beat":[206],"(AVBB)":[207],"27.46":[210],"ms":[211],"45.28":[213],"ms,":[214],"respectively.":[215],"Experimental":[216],"results":[217],"demonstrate":[218],"signal":[224],"outperforms":[227],"state-of-the-art":[229],"proposed":[238],"opens":[240],"new":[242],"pathway":[243],"toward":[244],"unconstrained":[250],"environment.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
