{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4323065280","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2023.3251901","title":"Towards an AI-Based Objective Prognostic Model for Quantifying Wound Healing","display_name":"Towards an AI-Based Objective Prognostic Model for Quantifying Wound Healing","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4323065280","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2023.3251901","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37028088"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2023.3251901","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2023.3251901","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6221020/6363502/10058154.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6221020/6363502/10058154.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100699247","display_name":"Rishabh Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6909-9227"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rishabh Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024537584","display_name":"Lucas Goldstone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8285-6803"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucas Goldstone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076965431","display_name":"Shira Eisen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shira Eisen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071728358","display_name":"Dhanesh Ramachandram","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7097-8747"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dhanesh Ramachandram","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102991194","display_name":"Amy Cassata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2487-9729"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amy Cassata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055866505","display_name":"Robert D. Fraser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2279-4203"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert D. J. Fraser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020275738","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 L. Ram\u00edrez-Garc\u00edaLuna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3953-9762"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jose L. Ramirez-GarciaLuna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110851803","display_name":"Robert H. Bartlett","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Bartlett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077128871","display_name":"Justin Allport","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1653-9030"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Justin Allport","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swift Medical Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100699247"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.1957,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99323644,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"2","first_page":"666","last_page":"677"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11670","display_name":"Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3609","display_name":"Occupational Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11670","display_name":"Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Management","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3609","display_name":"Occupational Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10771","display_name":"Wound Healing and Treatments","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2742","display_name":"Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11227","display_name":"Diabetic Foot Ulcer Assessment and Management","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wound-care","display_name":"Wound care","score":0.6708296537399292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalizability-theory","display_name":"Generalizability theory","score":0.6653158664703369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.6649171113967896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wound-healing","display_name":"Wound healing","score":0.5991001725196838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-therapy","display_name":"Multimodal therapy","score":0.4826677143573761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intensive-care-medicine","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","score":0.4516732096672058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.30632925033569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.0840313732624054}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993807428","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25324087","display_name":"Wound care","level":2,"score":0.6708296537399292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27158222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532422","display_name":"Generalizability theory","level":2,"score":0.6653158664703369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6649171113967896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780269544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509074","display_name":"Wound healing","level":2,"score":0.5991001725196838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4441509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6418787","display_name":"Multimodal therapy","level":2,"score":0.4826677143573761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.4516732096672058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.30632925033569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0840313732624054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010808","descriptor_name":"Physical Examination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010808","descriptor_name":"Physical Examination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010808","descriptor_name":"Physical Examination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010808","descriptor_name":"Physical Examination","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011379","descriptor_name":"Prognosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011379","descriptor_name":"Prognosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011379","descriptor_name":"Prognosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011379","descriptor_name":"Prognosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012720","descriptor_name":"Severity of Illness Index","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014945","descriptor_name":"Wound Healing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014945","descriptor_name":"Wound Healing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014945","descriptor_name":"Wound Healing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014945","descriptor_name":"Wound Healing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2023.3251901","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2023.3251901","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6221020/6363502/10058154.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:37028088","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37028088","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2023.3251901","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2023.3251901","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6221020/6363502/10058154.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5699999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312716","display_name":"Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/03zp01h17"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4323065280.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4323065280.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17157194","https://openalex.org/W141599328","https://openalex.org/W1541603782","https://openalex.org/W1717377981","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1966877952","https://openalex.org/W1967503115","https://openalex.org/W1970143237","https://openalex.org/W1984732538","https://openalex.org/W1985299015","https://openalex.org/W1999854840","https://openalex.org/W2012894674","https://openalex.org/W2052825782","https://openalex.org/W2056064788","https://openalex.org/W2065413957","https://openalex.org/W2075073142","https://openalex.org/W2084139018","https://openalex.org/W2096740777","https://openalex.org/W2103018859","https://openalex.org/W2109242212","https://openalex.org/W2116099919","https://openalex.org/W2153374651","https://openalex.org/W2194474711","https://openalex.org/W2293652202","https://openalex.org/W2415659552","https://openalex.org/W2748141582","https://openalex.org/W2753919178","https://openalex.org/W2804183390","https://openalex.org/W2920391762","https://openalex.org/W2965512201","https://openalex.org/W3010753811","https://openalex.org/W3087145786","https://openalex.org/W3092615100","https://openalex.org/W3111142877","https://openalex.org/W3147894994","https://openalex.org/W3175417087","https://openalex.org/W3208601135","https://openalex.org/W4221085494","https://openalex.org/W4225833931","https://openalex.org/W4288426077","https://openalex.org/W4292595658","https://openalex.org/W6600714527","https://openalex.org/W6632337187","https://openalex.org/W6687533572","https://openalex.org/W6762718338"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2118717649","https://openalex.org/W2413243053","https://openalex.org/W410723623","https://openalex.org/W2015341305","https://openalex.org/W2035068594","https://openalex.org/W4225593417","https://openalex.org/W2573498121","https://openalex.org/W3022298670","https://openalex.org/W3160494304","https://openalex.org/W3006162251"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Chronic":[0],"wounds":[1],"affect":[2],"millions":[3],"of":[4,12,38,45,76,79,85,88,105,116,150,158,242],"people":[5],"worldwide":[6],"every":[7],"year.":[8],"An":[9],"adequate":[10],"assessment":[11,50,75],"a":[13,39,77,86,94,155,183],"wound's":[14],"prognosis":[15,93],"is":[16,98],"critical":[17],"to":[18,66,100,131,142],"wound":[19,29,49,68,80,92,128,132,152,161,230,236],"care,":[20],"guiding":[21],"clinical":[22,119,228],"decision":[23],"making":[24,91],"by":[25],"helping":[26],"clinicians":[27],"understand":[28],"healing":[30],"status,":[31],"severity,":[32],"triaging":[33],"and":[34,60,82,102,134,185,190,201,209,214,235],"determining":[35],"the":[36,114,148,218,223,240,243],"efficacy":[37],"treatment":[40],"regimen.":[41],"The":[42,169],"current":[43],"standard":[44,224],"care":[46],"involves":[47],"using":[48,154,176],"tools,":[51],"such":[52],"as":[53],"Pressure":[54],"Ulcer":[55],"Scale":[56],"for":[57],"Healing":[58],"(PUSH)":[59],"Bates-Jensen":[61],"Wound":[62],"Assessment":[63],"Tool":[64],"(BWAT),":[65],"determine":[67],"prognosis.":[69],"However,":[70],"these":[71],"tools":[72,225],"involve":[73],"manual":[74],"multitude":[78],"characteristics":[81],"skilled":[83],"consideration":[84],"variety":[87],"factors,":[89],"thus,":[90],"slow":[95],"process":[96],"which":[97,172],"prone":[99],"misinterpretation":[101],"high":[103],"degree":[104],"variability.":[106],"Therefore,":[107],"in":[108],"this":[109],"work":[110],"we":[111],"have":[112],"explored":[113],"viability":[115],"replacing":[117],"subjective":[118,200],"information":[120],"with":[121],"deep":[122],"learning-based":[123],"objective":[124,138,170,178,202],"features":[125,139],"derived":[126,163],"from":[127,164],"images,":[129],"pertaining":[130],"area":[133],"tissue":[135],"amounts.":[136],"These":[137],"were":[140],"used":[141,198],"train":[143],"prognostic":[144],"models":[145,220],"that":[146,197],"quantified":[147],"risk":[149],"delayed":[151],"healing,":[153],"dataset":[156],"consisting":[157],"2.1":[159],"million":[160],"evaluations":[162],"more":[165],"than":[166],"200,000":[167],"wounds.":[168],"model,":[171,196],"was":[173],"trained":[174],"exclusively":[175],"image-based":[177],"features,":[179,203],"achieved":[180,204],"at":[181,205],"minimum":[182,206],"5%":[184],"9%":[186],"improvement":[187,211],"over":[188,212],"PUSH":[189,213],"BWAT,":[191,215],"respectively.":[192,216],"Our":[193],"best":[194],"performing":[195],"both":[199],"an":[207],"8%":[208],"13%":[210],"Moreover,":[217],"reported":[219],"consistently":[221],"outperformed":[222],"across":[226],"various":[227],"settings,":[229],"etiologies,":[231],"sexes,":[232],"age":[233],"groups":[234],"ages,":[237],"thus":[238],"establishing":[239],"generalizability":[241],"models.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-30T08:08:38.191290","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
