{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4307090273","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3216446","title":"Semi-Supervised Adversarial Learning for Improving the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Nodules","display_name":"Semi-Supervised Adversarial Learning for Improving the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Nodules","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4307090273","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3216446","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36269913"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2022.3216446","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3216446","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068297408","display_name":"Yu Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2413-3858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yu Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical, Electrical &amp; Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2413-3858","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical, Electrical &amp; Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010954151","display_name":"Peng Xue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5685-7212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Xue","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical, Electrical &amp; Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5685-7212","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical, Electrical &amp; Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026378784","display_name":"Taohui Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3486-5278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taohui Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical, Electrical &amp; Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical, Electrical &amp; Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100622099","display_name":"Zhili Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7105-1126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhili Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical, Electrical &amp; Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7105-1126","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical, Electrical &amp; Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028231130","display_name":"Youren Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youren Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical, Electrical &amp; Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical, Electrical &amp; Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036674256","display_name":"Enqing Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1013-7639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154099455","display_name":"Shandong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0207yh398","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enqing Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical, Electrical &amp; Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1013-7639","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical, Electrical &amp; Information Engineering, Shandong University, Weihai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068297408"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154099455"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4344,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90343211,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"1","first_page":"109","last_page":"120"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10202","display_name":"Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10202","display_name":"Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminator","display_name":"Discriminator","score":0.7498793601989746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7267812490463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6386251449584961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6123943328857422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5104416608810425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.46728619933128357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.4653846323490143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adenocarcinoma","display_name":"Adenocarcinoma","score":0.43203017115592957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervised-learning","display_name":"Supervised learning","score":0.41375240683555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-set","display_name":"Data set","score":0.41030463576316833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.3556566834449768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cancer","display_name":"Cancer","score":0.3330448865890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.324928879737854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.26640409231185913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.0890229344367981}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779803651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282088","display_name":"Discriminator","level":3,"score":0.7498793601989746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7267812490463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6386251449584961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6123943328857422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5104416608810425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.46728619933128357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.4653846323490143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781182431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q356033","display_name":"Adenocarcinoma","level":3,"score":0.43203017115592957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.41375240683555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.41030463576316833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.3556566834449768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.3330448865890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.324928879737854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.26640409231185913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0890229344367981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000230","descriptor_name":"Adenocarcinoma","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000230","descriptor_name":"Adenocarcinoma","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000230","descriptor_name":"Adenocarcinoma","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002294","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Squamous Cell","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002294","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Squamous Cell","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002294","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Squamous Cell","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003074","descriptor_name":"Solitary Pulmonary Nodule","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003074","descriptor_name":"Solitary Pulmonary Nodule","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003074","descriptor_name":"Solitary Pulmonary Nodule","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008175","descriptor_name":"Lung Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008175","descriptor_name":"Lung Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008175","descriptor_name":"Lung Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011857","descriptor_name":"Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011857","descriptor_name":"Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011857","descriptor_name":"Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018288","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Small Cell","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018288","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Small Cell","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018288","descriptor_name":"Carcinoma, Small Cell","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055613","descriptor_name":"Multiple Pulmonary Nodules","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055613","descriptor_name":"Multiple Pulmonary Nodules","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D055613","descriptor_name":"Multiple Pulmonary Nodules","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2022.3216446","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3216446","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:36269913","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36269913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G627899315","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"81671848","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6470286141","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62171261","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7094476963","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"81371635","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W913555550","https://openalex.org/W948663339","https://openalex.org/W1929572269","https://openalex.org/W1986649315","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2165698076","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2322371438","https://openalex.org/W2394599079","https://openalex.org/W2470394683","https://openalex.org/W2582142516","https://openalex.org/W2587007321","https://openalex.org/W2592929672","https://openalex.org/W2618139087","https://openalex.org/W2794187429","https://openalex.org/W2897755679","https://openalex.org/W2910031061","https://openalex.org/W2957352479","https://openalex.org/W2963398989","https://openalex.org/W2963420686","https://openalex.org/W2963777800","https://openalex.org/W2968254841","https://openalex.org/W2981528462","https://openalex.org/W2996290406","https://openalex.org/W2996553713","https://openalex.org/W3004715589","https://openalex.org/W3018177167","https://openalex.org/W3027969476","https://openalex.org/W3042181089","https://openalex.org/W3042940707","https://openalex.org/W3090043060","https://openalex.org/W3104246147","https://openalex.org/W3119005666","https://openalex.org/W3128646645","https://openalex.org/W3136370240","https://openalex.org/W3153351689","https://openalex.org/W3181556149","https://openalex.org/W3196193843","https://openalex.org/W3198607162","https://openalex.org/W3200128628","https://openalex.org/W3208181060","https://openalex.org/W4280571228","https://openalex.org/W6637568146","https://openalex.org/W6713134421","https://openalex.org/W6735913928"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4293320219","https://openalex.org/W2953246223","https://openalex.org/W4283584549","https://openalex.org/W2554314924","https://openalex.org/W4288256692","https://openalex.org/W2998859928","https://openalex.org/W4381885966","https://openalex.org/W2969399009","https://openalex.org/W4398186750","https://openalex.org/W3151498616"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Achieving":[0],"the":[1,16,56,63,124,141,160,169,191,197,209,226,237,242],"pathological":[2,40,126],"type":[3],"diagnosis":[4,37],"of":[5,19,24,38,65,75,92,145,149,162,171,200,211],"pulmonary":[6,138],"nodules":[7,139,205,235],"on":[8,27,71,87,236],"chest":[9],"CT":[10],"is":[11,153],"a":[12,28,72,78,93,103,130],"critical":[13],"step":[14],"in":[15,151,202],"early":[17],"detection":[18],"lung":[20],"cancer":[21],"and":[22,30,51,102,118,128,168,216,223],"treatment":[23],"patients.":[25],"Based":[26],"small":[29,47,213],"unbalanced":[31],"self-constructed":[32],"dataset,":[33,240],"we":[34],"achieved":[35],"intelligent":[36],"five":[39,110,125],"types":[41],"including":[42],"adenocarcinoma,":[43,212],"squamous":[44,217],"cell":[45,48,214,218],"carcinoma,":[46,49],"inflammatory":[50],"other":[52],"benign":[53],"diseases":[54],"for":[55,99,232],"first":[57],"time.":[58],"In":[59,108],"order":[60],"to":[61,122,140,155,166,178,189],"reduce":[62],"dependence":[64],"deep":[66],"convolutional":[67],"neural":[68],"network":[69,82,97,106],"(DCNN)":[70],"large":[73],"amount":[74],"training":[76],"data,":[77,159],"reverse":[79,94],"adversarial":[80,96],"classification":[81,105,192],"(RACN)":[83],"was":[84,134,206,220],"proposed":[85],"based":[86],"semi-supervised":[88],"learning,":[89],"which":[90,182],"consists":[91],"generative":[95],"(RGAN)":[98],"unsupervised":[100],"regression":[101,132,174],"supervised":[104],"(CN).":[107],"RGAN,":[109],"specific":[111,180],"normal":[112],"distributions":[113],"P":[114],"with":[115],"different":[116],"means":[117],"variances":[119],"were":[120],"assigned":[121],"represent":[123],"types,":[127],"then":[129],"special":[131],"task":[133,175],"designed":[135],"by":[136],"mapping":[137],"random":[142],"sampling":[143],"Z":[144,167],"P.":[146],"The":[147,173],"input":[148],"generator":[150],"RGAN":[152,177],"set":[154,165],"3D":[156],"nodule":[157],"volume":[158],"inputs":[161],"discriminator":[163],"are":[164],"output":[170],"generator.":[172],"enables":[176],"extract":[179],"features,":[181],"will":[183],"be":[184],"deeply":[185],"integrate":[186],"into":[187],"CN":[188],"improve":[190],"performance.":[193],"Experiments":[194],"showed":[195],"that":[196],"average":[198],"sensitivity":[199,210],"RACN":[201,227],"detecting":[203],"malignant":[204,234],"0.6525,":[207],"where":[208],"carcinoma":[215,219],"0.8426,":[221],"0.5604":[222],"0.5543.":[224],"Besides,":[225],"can":[228],"achieve":[229],"93.21%":[230],"accuracy":[231],"diagnosing":[233],"public":[238],"LIDC-IDRI":[239],"obtaining":[241],"state-of-the-art":[243],"results.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
