{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285745124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3192021","title":"Optimization of Dry Weight Assessment in Hemodialysis Patients via Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Optimization of Dry Weight Assessment in Hemodialysis Patients via Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285745124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3192021","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35849682"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2022.3192021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3192021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020423784","display_name":"Ziyue Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6185-5019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ziyue Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of EMR and Intelligent Expert System, Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of EMR and Intelligent Expert System, Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057311321","display_name":"Yu Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6791-8217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of EMR and Intelligent Expert System, Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of EMR and Intelligent Expert System, Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056900515","display_name":"Tianshu Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5858-6353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123185","display_name":"Zhejiang Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02m2h7991","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianshu Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101433125","display_name":"Yilin Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2039-1697"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yilin Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100405834","display_name":"Ping Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9538-8743"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100665506","display_name":"Jianghua Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3282-3998"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianghua Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kidney Disease Center, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023138112","display_name":"Jingsong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1064-637X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123185","display_name":"Zhejiang Lab","ror":"https://ror.org/02m2h7991","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingsong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of EMR and Intelligent Expert System, Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of EMR and Intelligent Expert System, Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Healthcare Data Science, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123185"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020423784"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4405,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80648971,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"10","first_page":"4880","last_page":"4891"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10291","display_name":"Dialysis and Renal Disease Management","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10291","display_name":"Dialysis and Renal Disease Management","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10641","display_name":"Central Venous Catheters and Hemodialysis","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3604","display_name":"Emergency Medical Services"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10198","display_name":"Heart Failure Treatment and Management","score":0.9711999893188477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemodialysis","display_name":"Hemodialysis","score":0.7081325650215149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dialysis","display_name":"Dialysis","score":0.6362478137016296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.613968014717102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.6091288924217224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5616419315338135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4478312134742737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-prescription","display_name":"Medical prescription","score":0.44210365414619446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4406326115131378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.4399574100971222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.38541510701179504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.34252214431762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3252289593219757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-process","display_name":"Markov process","score":0.3039587438106537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22719043493270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.17415377497673035}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778063415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q391744","display_name":"Hemodialysis","level":2,"score":0.7081325650215149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779978075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202301","display_name":"Dialysis","level":2,"score":0.6362478137016296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.613968014717102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.6091288924217224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5616419315338135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4478312134742737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.44210365414619446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4406326115131378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.4399574100971222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.38541510701179504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.34252214431762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3252289593219757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.3039587438106537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22719043493270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.17415377497673035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D006435","descriptor_name":"Renal Dialysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006435","descriptor_name":"Renal Dialysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006435","descriptor_name":"Renal Dialysis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007676","descriptor_name":"Kidney Failure, Chronic","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007676","descriptor_name":"Kidney Failure, Chronic","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007676","descriptor_name":"Kidney Failure, Chronic","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007676","descriptor_name":"Kidney Failure, Chronic","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007676","descriptor_name":"Kidney Failure, Chronic","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007676","descriptor_name":"Kidney Failure, Chronic","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008390","descriptor_name":"Markov Chains","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008390","descriptor_name":"Markov Chains","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008390","descriptor_name":"Markov Chains","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008991","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Physiologic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2022.3192021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3192021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35849682","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35849682","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8299999833106995,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2977184275","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"82172069","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994100514","https://openalex.org/W2022897447","https://openalex.org/W2032368695","https://openalex.org/W2060930463","https://openalex.org/W2100646850","https://openalex.org/W2124107048","https://openalex.org/W2150776916","https://openalex.org/W2152039674","https://openalex.org/W2160927326","https://openalex.org/W2161430323","https://openalex.org/W2171009627","https://openalex.org/W2395857814","https://openalex.org/W2610701137","https://openalex.org/W2742386908","https://openalex.org/W2746553466","https://openalex.org/W2754517384","https://openalex.org/W2759773422","https://openalex.org/W2806554485","https://openalex.org/W2812840717","https://openalex.org/W2896893468","https://openalex.org/W2919344480","https://openalex.org/W2979530546","https://openalex.org/W2981627686","https://openalex.org/W3008110675","https://openalex.org/W3017210109","https://openalex.org/W3090832565","https://openalex.org/W3100789280","https://openalex.org/W3112765753","https://openalex.org/W3126481617","https://openalex.org/W3130532720","https://openalex.org/W3156475591","https://openalex.org/W3211465093","https://openalex.org/W4213357307","https://openalex.org/W4252673275","https://openalex.org/W6684921986","https://openalex.org/W6685444567","https://openalex.org/W6687681856","https://openalex.org/W6689664320","https://openalex.org/W6757909609","https://openalex.org/W6781382336"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4400868993","https://openalex.org/W3096874164","https://openalex.org/W1985560493","https://openalex.org/W2386410636","https://openalex.org/W2357975469","https://openalex.org/W2145363145","https://openalex.org/W1626977535","https://openalex.org/W4284974072","https://openalex.org/W2341346307","https://openalex.org/W4404955202"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Dry":[0],"weight":[1,9],"(DW),":[2],"defined":[3],"as":[4],"the":[5,11,38,49,54,60,75,85,97,107,130,153,186,195,229,241],"lowest":[6],"tolerated":[7],"postdialysis":[8],"following":[10],"ultrafiltration":[12],"(UF)":[13],"of":[14,40,56,150,183,192,197,203],"excess":[15],"fluid":[16],"volume,":[17],"is":[18,30,65,126,138,168,226],"essential":[19],"for":[20,24,34],"any":[21],"dialysis":[22,163],"prescription":[23],"hemodialysis":[25],"(HD)":[26],"patients.":[27],"However,":[28],"there":[29],"no":[31],"gold":[32],"standard":[33],"DW":[35,80,88,98,131,210,215,238],"assessment,":[36],"and":[37,48,70,95,134,144,161,170,191,219,236,247],"difficulty":[39],"its":[41],"accurate":[42,87],"assessment":[43,132],"increases":[44],"given":[45],"individual":[46],"variations":[47],"dynamic":[50,77],"changes":[51,78,216],"caused":[52],"by":[53],"uncertainty":[55],"patients'":[57],"condition.":[58],"Therefore,":[59],"current":[61],"empirical":[62],"evaluation":[63,99,172],"process":[64,105,110,243],"often":[66],"crude,":[67],"imprecise,":[68],"experience-dependent,":[69],"energy-consuming.":[71],"Here,":[72],"we":[73],"highlight":[74],"personalized":[76],"in":[79,93,185,194],"over":[81],"time":[82,94],"rather":[83],"than":[84],"more":[86,211,217,244],"assessments":[89],"at":[90],"some":[91],"point":[92],"formulate":[96],"problem":[100],"into":[101],"a":[102,120,135,181,221],"sequential":[103],"decision-making":[104],"using":[106],"Markov":[108],"decision":[109],"(MDP)":[111],"framework.":[112],"A":[113],"reinforcement":[114],"learning":[115],"(RL)":[116],"algorithm":[117],"based":[118],"on":[119],"dueling":[121],"double":[122],"deep":[123],"Q-network":[124],"(Duel-DDQN)":[125],"proposed":[127,230],"to":[128,140,214],"optimize":[129],"policy,":[133],"multifaceted":[136],"inspection":[137],"applied":[139],"assess":[141,235],"policy":[142,176,208],"effectiveness":[143],"safety.":[145],"We":[146],"utilize":[147],"ten":[148],"years":[149],"data":[151],"from":[152],"Kidney":[154],"Disease":[155],"Center,":[156],"enrolling":[157],"750":[158],"HD":[159],"patients":[160],"243,287":[162],"sessions.":[164],"Good":[165],"model":[166],"calibration":[167],"confirmed,":[169],"off-policy":[171],"demonstrates":[173],"that":[174,228],"our":[175],"outperforms":[177],"other":[178],"policies,":[179],"suggesting":[180],"decrease":[182],"7.71%":[184],"expected":[187],"5-year":[188],"mortality":[189],"rate":[190],"13.44%":[193],"incidence":[196],"intradialytic":[198],"symptoms":[199],"compared":[200],"with":[201],"those":[202],"clinicians'":[204],"strategy.":[205],"The":[206],"RL":[207],"adjusts":[209],"frequently,":[212],"responds":[213],"actively,":[218],"observes":[220],"larger":[222],"feature":[223],"space.":[224],"It":[225],"hoped":[227],"solution":[231],"will":[232],"help":[233],"clinicians":[234],"monitor":[237],"dynamically,":[239],"making":[240],"estimation":[242],"refined,":[245],"personalized,":[246],"intelligent.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
