{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283789171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3187950","title":"Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning Based Healthcare Expansion Planning Considering Pandemic Events","display_name":"Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning Based Healthcare Expansion Planning Considering Pandemic Events","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283789171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3187950","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35776827"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2022.3187950","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3187950","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042756675","display_name":"Salman Sadiq Shuvo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1577-7341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salman Sadiq Shuvo","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1577-7341","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002080334","display_name":"Hasan Symum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1525-624X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hasan Symum","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084578583","display_name":"Md Rubel Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0174-8822"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Rubel Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0174-8822","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036320427","display_name":"Yasin Y\u0131lmaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2014-3060"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasin Yilmaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2014-3060","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054766195","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 L. Zayas\u2010Castro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7374-3479"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2613432","display_name":"University of South Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/032db5x82","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jo\u015be L. Zayas-Castro","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2613432"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6767,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89709702,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"6","first_page":"2760","last_page":"2770"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11773","display_name":"Healthcare Operations and Scheduling Optimization","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3604","display_name":"Emergency Medical Services"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11773","display_name":"Healthcare Operations and Scheduling Optimization","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3604","display_name":"Emergency Medical Services"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10804","display_name":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","score":0.9842000007629395,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.6682407855987549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.608453631401062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5988351106643677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.5012314319610596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"Pandemic","score":0.4675399661064148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.45825517177581787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.3935580253601074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.22228604555130005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.21755772829055786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17656174302101135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.17034688591957092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.10569038987159729}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.6682407855987549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.608453631401062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5988351106643677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5012314319610596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.4675399661064148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.45825517177581787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.3935580253601074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22228604555130005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.21755772829055786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17656174302101135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.17034688591957092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10569038987159729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006760","descriptor_name":"Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006760","descriptor_name":"Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006760","descriptor_name":"Hospitalization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006761","descriptor_name":"Hospitals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006761","descriptor_name":"Hospitals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006761","descriptor_name":"Hospitals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019985","descriptor_name":"Benchmarking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019985","descriptor_name":"Benchmarking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019985","descriptor_name":"Benchmarking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D058873","descriptor_name":"Pandemics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058873","descriptor_name":"Pandemics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058873","descriptor_name":"Pandemics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2022.3187950","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3187950","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35776827","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35776827","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.47999998927116394,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1882570813","https://openalex.org/W1967619677","https://openalex.org/W1969117495","https://openalex.org/W1989303032","https://openalex.org/W1997178285","https://openalex.org/W2010634818","https://openalex.org/W2056142843","https://openalex.org/W2064867787","https://openalex.org/W2130711276","https://openalex.org/W2142741607","https://openalex.org/W2165794458","https://openalex.org/W2170340713","https://openalex.org/W2186820913","https://openalex.org/W2554930317","https://openalex.org/W2763899724","https://openalex.org/W2883863273","https://openalex.org/W2904730732","https://openalex.org/W2928486171","https://openalex.org/W2964044380","https://openalex.org/W2978297156","https://openalex.org/W3010990334","https://openalex.org/W3034223705","https://openalex.org/W3044015199","https://openalex.org/W3045062953","https://openalex.org/W3113534230","https://openalex.org/W3122499222","https://openalex.org/W3133357200","https://openalex.org/W3137968928","https://openalex.org/W3195234749","https://openalex.org/W3199767588","https://openalex.org/W3204010303","https://openalex.org/W3207082984","https://openalex.org/W3209324846","https://openalex.org/W3216656735","https://openalex.org/W4206742640","https://openalex.org/W6639392692","https://openalex.org/W6779478912","https://openalex.org/W6791374625","https://openalex.org/W6800387156"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378211422","https://openalex.org/W2745001401","https://openalex.org/W4321353415","https://openalex.org/W2130974462","https://openalex.org/W972276598","https://openalex.org/W4246352526","https://openalex.org/W2028665553","https://openalex.org/W4230315250","https://openalex.org/W2086519370","https://openalex.org/W2087343574"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hospital":[0],"capacity":[1,29],"expansion":[2,30,57,74,78],"planning":[3,58,75],"is":[4],"critical":[5],"for":[6,41,72,83,150],"a":[7,14,53,65,92,125,144,170,183],"healthcare":[8,73],"authority,":[9],"especially":[10,51],"in":[11,48],"regions":[12],"with":[13,116],"growing":[15],"diverse":[16],"population.":[17],"Policymaking":[18],"to":[19,76,97,135,143,164,178,181],"this":[20],"end":[21],"often":[22],"requires":[23],"satisfying":[24],"two":[25,103],"conflicting":[26],"objectives,":[27],"minimizing":[28,33],"cost":[31,79,142,180],"and":[32,80,85,94,120],"the":[34,99,129,151,156,165],"number":[35],"of":[36,38,128,139,153,158],"denial":[37],"service":[39],"(DoS)":[40],"patients":[42],"seeking":[43],"hospital":[44,49],"admission.":[45],"The":[46],"uncertainty":[47],"demand,":[50],"considering":[52],"pandemic":[54,84],"event,":[55],"makes":[56],"even":[59],"more":[60],"challenging.":[61],"This":[62],"work":[63],"presents":[64],"multi-objective":[66,126],"reinforcement":[67],"learning":[68],"(MORL)":[69],"based":[70,161],"solution":[71],"optimize":[77,182],"DoS":[81,140,177],"simultaneously":[82],"non-pandemic":[86],"scenarios.":[87],"Importantly,":[88],"our":[89,159],"model":[90],"provides":[91],"simple":[93],"intuitive":[95],"way":[96],"set":[98],"balance":[100],"between":[101],"these":[102],"objectives":[104],"by":[105],"only":[106],"determining":[107],"their":[108],"priority":[109],"percentages,":[110],"making":[111],"it":[112],"suitable":[113],"across":[114],"policymakers":[115],"different":[117],"capabilities,":[118],"preferences,":[119],"needs.":[121],"Specifically,":[122],"we":[123],"propose":[124],"adaptation":[127],"popular":[130],"Advantage":[131],"Actor-Critic":[132],"(A2C)":[133],"algorithm":[134],"avoid":[136],"forced":[137],"conversion":[138],"discomfort":[141],"monetary":[145],"cost.":[146],"Our":[147],"case":[148],"study":[149],"state":[152],"Florida":[154],"illustrates":[155],"success":[157],"MORL":[160],"approach":[162],"compared":[163],"existing":[166],"benchmark":[167],"policies,":[168],"including":[169],"state-of-the-art":[171],"deep":[172],"RL":[173],"policy":[174],"that":[175],"converts":[176],"economic":[179],"single":[184],"objective.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
