{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4283067184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3183854","title":"Supervised Optimal Chemotherapy Regimen Based on Offline Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Supervised Optimal Chemotherapy Regimen Based on Offline Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4283067184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3183854","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35714083"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2022.3183854","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3183854","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073725553","display_name":"Chamani Shiranthika","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1608-8196"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99613584","display_name":"National Taipei University","ror":"https://ror.org/03e29r284","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99613584"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chamani Shiranthika","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University, New Taipei City, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1608-8196","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University, New Taipei City, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99613584"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103279516","display_name":"Kuo-Wei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5086-5323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101378","display_name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/014f77s28","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101378"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuo-Wei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001846472","display_name":"Chung-Yih Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101378","display_name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/014f77s28","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101378"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chung-Yih Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiation Oncology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101378"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063435835","display_name":"Chan\u2010Yun Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5329-6368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99613584","display_name":"National Taipei University","ror":"https://ror.org/03e29r284","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99613584"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chan-Yun Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University, New Taipei City, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5329-6368","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University, New Taipei City, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99613584"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007098773","display_name":"B. H. Sudantha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9121-3383"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195740183","display_name":"University of Moratuwa","ror":"https://ror.org/0491f5305","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195740183"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. H. Sudantha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, University of Moratuwa, Katubedda, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, University of Moratuwa, Katubedda, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195740183"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024754182","display_name":"Wei-Fu Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99613584","display_name":"National Taipei University","ror":"https://ror.org/03e29r284","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99613584"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei-Fu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University, New Taipei City, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taipei University, New Taipei City, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99613584"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4397,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93522855,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"9","first_page":"4763","last_page":"4772"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11829","display_name":"Mathematical Biology Tumor Growth","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11829","display_name":"Mathematical Biology Tumor Growth","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10621","display_name":"Gene Regulatory Network Analysis","score":0.9812999963760376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11287","display_name":"Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics","score":0.979200005531311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.778998851776123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regimen","display_name":"Regimen","score":0.7321062088012695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5888941884040833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule","display_name":"Schedule","score":0.5651738047599792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bevacizumab","display_name":"Bevacizumab","score":0.4699174463748932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.43771106004714966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4376688301563263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemotherapy","display_name":"Chemotherapy","score":0.3736693263053894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.35464563965797424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-physics","display_name":"Medical physics","score":0.3460950553417206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.1912984848022461}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.778998851776123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781413609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7308373","display_name":"Regimen","level":2,"score":0.7321062088012695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5888941884040833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.5651738047599792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777802072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413299","display_name":"Bevacizumab","level":3,"score":0.4699174463748932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.43771106004714966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4376688301563263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776694085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974135","display_name":"Chemotherapy","level":2,"score":0.3736693263053894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.35464563965797424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.3460950553417206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.1912984848022461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000465","descriptor_name":"Algorithms","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009369","descriptor_name":"Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000188","qualifier_name":"drug therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012054","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement, Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012054","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement, Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012054","descriptor_name":"Reinforcement, Psychology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2022.3183854","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3183854","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35714083","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35714083","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4758478638","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST110-2221-E-305-012","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8627933310","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CHGH111-(N)03","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323524","funder_display_name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323524","display_name":"Cheng Hsin General Hospital Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/014f77s28"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W192920577","https://openalex.org/W1545210979","https://openalex.org/W1845972764","https://openalex.org/W1984613448","https://openalex.org/W1986985221","https://openalex.org/W2015687733","https://openalex.org/W2065289552","https://openalex.org/W2084697628","https://openalex.org/W2096032071","https://openalex.org/W2120346334","https://openalex.org/W2147342239","https://openalex.org/W2156682402","https://openalex.org/W2160877908","https://openalex.org/W2233997862","https://openalex.org/W2319830894","https://openalex.org/W2485345981","https://openalex.org/W2611759197","https://openalex.org/W2748828099","https://openalex.org/W2806905826","https://openalex.org/W2893300355","https://openalex.org/W2911667635","https://openalex.org/W2921628782","https://openalex.org/W2947150733","https://openalex.org/W2952687041","https://openalex.org/W2963009616","https://openalex.org/W2963401755","https://openalex.org/W2963561234","https://openalex.org/W2991355586","https://openalex.org/W3022194887","https://openalex.org/W3022566517","https://openalex.org/W3025019304","https://openalex.org/W3028766998","https://openalex.org/W3033324992","https://openalex.org/W3034568050","https://openalex.org/W3040490156","https://openalex.org/W3040948586","https://openalex.org/W3090369311","https://openalex.org/W3123794201","https://openalex.org/W3158510005","https://openalex.org/W3183899662","https://openalex.org/W4211171425","https://openalex.org/W4211221179","https://openalex.org/W4287714048","https://openalex.org/W4287756699","https://openalex.org/W4288406763","https://openalex.org/W6632580241","https://openalex.org/W6677737365","https://openalex.org/W6677938579","https://openalex.org/W6679700999","https://openalex.org/W6731293529","https://openalex.org/W6751973938","https://openalex.org/W6757469721","https://openalex.org/W6758993705","https://openalex.org/W6760362038","https://openalex.org/W6763704811","https://openalex.org/W6771270455","https://openalex.org/W6774583691","https://openalex.org/W6776438516","https://openalex.org/W6777656069","https://openalex.org/W6779265984","https://openalex.org/W6779400629","https://openalex.org/W6779656125","https://openalex.org/W6791047031","https://openalex.org/W6840678999"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3142026086","https://openalex.org/W2028827184","https://openalex.org/W2146312028","https://openalex.org/W3146277049","https://openalex.org/W4200337742","https://openalex.org/W2767564966","https://openalex.org/W4246588393","https://openalex.org/W2101180062","https://openalex.org/W3209693064","https://openalex.org/W2376645157"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"reinforcement":[3],"learning":[4],"(RL)":[5],"has":[6,13,174],"achieved":[7],"a":[8,73,125,139,195],"remarkable":[9],"achievement":[10],"and":[11,42,161,182],"it":[12,183],"attracted":[14],"researchers'":[15],"attention":[16],"in":[17,52,67,70,200],"modeling":[18],"real-life":[19],"scenarios":[20],"by":[21,90,99,105],"expanding":[22],"its":[23],"research":[24],"beyond":[25],"conventional":[26],"complex":[27],"games.":[28],"Prediction":[29],"of":[30,46,62,110,143],"optimal":[31,82,96],"treatment":[32,108,203],"regimens":[33],"from":[34,171],"observational":[35],"real":[36],"clinical":[37,115],"data":[38],"is":[39],"being":[40,50],"popularized,":[41],"more":[43],"advanced":[44],"versions":[45],"RL":[47,101],"algorithms":[48],"are":[49],"implemented":[51],"the":[53,100,169,172,176,187],"literature.":[54],"However,":[55],"RL-generated":[56],"medications":[57],"still":[58],"need":[59],"careful":[60],"supervision":[61,170],"expertise":[63,116],"parties":[64],"or":[65],"doctors":[66],"healthcare.":[68],"Hence,":[69],"this":[71],"paper,":[72],"Supervised":[74],"Optimal":[75],"Chemotherapy":[76],"Regimen":[77],"(SOCR)":[78],"approach":[79,102,123],"to":[80,178],"investigate":[81],"chemotherapy-dosing":[83],"schedule":[84],"for":[85,198],"cancer":[86,147],"patients":[87],"was":[88,103,136,184],"presented":[89],"using":[91,128,138],"Offline":[92],"Reinforcement":[93],"Learning.":[94],"The":[95,133],"policy":[97],"suggested":[98,185],"supervised":[104],"incorporating":[106],"previous":[107],"decisions":[109],"oncologists,":[111],"which":[112],"could":[113,190],"add":[114],"knowledge":[117],"on":[118],"algorithmic":[119],"results.":[120],"Presented":[121],"SOCR":[122],"followed":[124],"model-based":[126],"architecture":[127],"conservative":[129],"Q-Learning":[130],"(CQL)":[131],"algorithm.":[132],"developed":[134],"model":[135,197],"tested":[137],"manually":[140],"constructed":[141],"database":[142],"forty":[144],"Stage-IV":[145],"colon":[146],"patients,":[148],"receiving":[149],"line-1":[150],"chemotherapy":[151,180],"treatments,":[152],"who":[153],"were":[154],"clinically":[155],"classified":[156],"as":[157,194],"'Bevacizumab":[158],"based":[159,163],"patient'":[160],"'Cetuximab":[162],"patient'.":[164],"Experimental":[165],"results":[166],"revealed":[167],"that":[168,186],"oncologists":[173,199],"considered":[175],"effect":[177],"stabilize":[179],"regimen":[181],"proposed":[188],"framework":[189],"be":[191],"successfully":[192],"used":[193],"supportive":[196],"deciding":[201],"their":[202],"decisions.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
