{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3199225381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3172479","title":"Explainable Identification of Dementia From Transcripts Using Transformer Networks","display_name":"Explainable Identification of Dementia From Transcripts Using Transformer Networks","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-05-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3199225381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3172479","mag":"3199225381","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35511841"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2022.3172479","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3172479","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6221020/9855434/09769980.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6221020/9855434/09769980.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027752295","display_name":"Loukas Ilias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4483-4264"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174458059","display_name":"National Technical University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03cx6bg69","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Loukas Ilias","raw_affiliation_strings":["Decision Support Systems Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4483-4264","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Decision Support Systems Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015748230","display_name":"Dimitris Askounis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2618-5715"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174458059","display_name":"National Technical University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03cx6bg69","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitris Askounis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Decision Support Systems Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Decision Support Systems Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.9077,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97775186,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"8","first_page":"4153","last_page":"4164"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dementia","display_name":"Dementia","score":0.8090485334396362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.7380266189575195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6385157108306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5584365725517273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-classification","display_name":"Binary classification","score":0.5108084678649902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5064412355422974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.4335331320762634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.4172058701515198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3919183313846588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-psychology","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","score":0.324524462223053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.2969980239868164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.25769537687301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.24490755796432495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.1979493796825409}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779483572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83030","display_name":"Dementia","level":3,"score":0.8090485334396362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.7380266189575195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6385157108306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5584365725517273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66905080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005494","display_name":"Binary classification","level":3,"score":0.5108084678649902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5064412355422974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4335331320762634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4172058701515198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3919183313846588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.324524462223053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2969980239868164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.25769537687301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.24490755796432495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.1979493796825409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2022.3172479","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3172479","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6221020/9855434/09769980.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:35511841","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35511841","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2109.06980","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2109.06980","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2109.06980","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2022.3172479","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2022.3172479","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6221020/9855434/09769980.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8399999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3199225381.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3199225381.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2030165119","https://openalex.org/W2043146194","https://openalex.org/W2074037951","https://openalex.org/W2086129464","https://openalex.org/W2089204216","https://openalex.org/W2102508963","https://openalex.org/W2110065044","https://openalex.org/W2119595472","https://openalex.org/W2168415900","https://openalex.org/W2282821441","https://openalex.org/W2333916262","https://openalex.org/W2463565445","https://openalex.org/W2516809705","https://openalex.org/W2740956487","https://openalex.org/W2777738102","https://openalex.org/W2787020095","https://openalex.org/W2788403449","https://openalex.org/W2888101456","https://openalex.org/W2891147667","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2911489562","https://openalex.org/W2913340405","https://openalex.org/W2925863688","https://openalex.org/W2951307134","https://openalex.org/W2953187724","https://openalex.org/W2960986212","https://openalex.org/W2962979297","https://openalex.org/W2963403868","https://openalex.org/W2963668159","https://openalex.org/W2963716420","https://openalex.org/W2964250703","https://openalex.org/W2965373594","https://openalex.org/W2970597249","https://openalex.org/W2972757121","https://openalex.org/W2972932001","https://openalex.org/W2975059944","https://openalex.org/W2979826702","https://openalex.org/W2989774088","https://openalex.org/W2991435809","https://openalex.org/W2996428491","https://openalex.org/W2996722826","https://openalex.org/W3015228357","https://openalex.org/W3017402509","https://openalex.org/W3035685359","https://openalex.org/W3038424140","https://openalex.org/W3047171714","https://openalex.org/W3094848124","https://openalex.org/W3094909210","https://openalex.org/W3096812425","https://openalex.org/W3096912371","https://openalex.org/W3097109903","https://openalex.org/W3097779478","https://openalex.org/W3098824823","https://openalex.org/W3101278968","https://openalex.org/W3124172077","https://openalex.org/W3128781814","https://openalex.org/W3136937237","https://openalex.org/W3143075381","https://openalex.org/W3153955816","https://openalex.org/W3154143698","https://openalex.org/W3163659890","https://openalex.org/W3163938617","https://openalex.org/W3172194418","https://openalex.org/W3173926131","https://openalex.org/W3177040647","https://openalex.org/W3198521429","https://openalex.org/W4230776553","https://openalex.org/W4239943352","https://openalex.org/W4287111064","https://openalex.org/W4297206627","https://openalex.org/W6719057275","https://openalex.org/W6742094595","https://openalex.org/W6763701032","https://openalex.org/W6766673545","https://openalex.org/W6768021236","https://openalex.org/W6770215930","https://openalex.org/W6781275321"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2905433371","https://openalex.org/W2888392564","https://openalex.org/W4310278675","https://openalex.org/W4388422664","https://openalex.org/W4390569940","https://openalex.org/W4361193272","https://openalex.org/W2963326959","https://openalex.org/W4388685194","https://openalex.org/W4312407344","https://openalex.org/W2894289927"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Alzheimer's":[0],"disease":[1],"(AD)":[2],"is":[3,10],"the":[4,40,66,73,79,82,105,138,143,150,155,158,172,178,190],"main":[5,139],"cause":[6],"of":[7,14,51,68,75,81,84,145,157,160,174],"dementia":[8,76,146,161],"which":[9],"accompanied":[11],"by":[12,194],"loss":[13],"memory":[15],"and":[16,38,78,197,213,225],"may":[17],"lead":[18],"to":[19,93,117,128,142,154,169,188],"severe":[20],"consequences":[21],"in":[22,49,177,221],"peoples'":[23],"everyday":[24],"life":[25],"if":[26],"not":[27],"diagnosed":[28],"on":[29,122,171],"time.":[30],"Very":[31],"few":[32],"works":[33,71],"have":[34],"exploited":[35],"transformer-based":[36,100],"networks":[37,124],"despite":[39],"high":[41],"accuracy":[42,107,126,167],"achieved,":[43],"little":[44],"work":[45],"has":[46],"been":[47],"done":[48],"terms":[50],"model":[52,165],"interpretability.":[53],"In":[54,91],"addition,":[55],"although":[56],"Mini-Mental":[57],"State":[58],"Exam":[59],"(MMSE)":[60],"scores":[61,86],"are":[62],"inextricably":[63],"linked":[64],"with":[65,102],"identification":[67,77,144,156],"dementia,":[69],"research":[70],"face":[72],"task":[74,80,140],"prediction":[83],"MMSE":[85],"as":[87],"two":[88,133],"separate":[89],"tasks.":[90],"order":[92],"address":[94],"these":[95],"limitations,":[96],"we":[97,112,131,183],"employ":[98],"several":[99],"models,":[101,136],"BERT":[103],"achieving":[104],"highest":[106],"accounting":[108],"for":[109],"87.50%.":[110],"Concurrently,":[111],"propose":[113],"an":[114],"interpretable":[115],"method":[116],"detect":[118],"AD":[119,175,195,224],"patients":[120,176,196],"based":[121],"siamese":[123],"reaching":[125],"up":[127],"83.75%.":[129],"Next,":[130],"introduce":[132],"multi-task":[134,179],"learning":[135,180],"where":[137],"refers":[141],"(binary":[147],"classification),":[148],"while":[149],"auxiliary":[151],"one":[152],"corresponds":[153],"severity":[159],"(multiclass":[162],"classification).":[163],"Our":[164],"obtains":[166],"equal":[168],"86.25%":[170],"detection":[173],"setting.":[181],"Finally,":[182],"present":[184],"some":[185],"new":[186],"methods":[187],"identify":[189],"linguistic":[191,211],"patterns":[192],"used":[193],"non-AD":[198,226],"ones,":[199],"including":[200],"text":[201],"statistics,":[202],"vocabulary":[203],"uniqueness,":[204],"word":[205],"usage,":[206],"correlations":[207],"via":[208],"a":[209],"detailed":[210],"analysis,":[212],"explainability":[214],"techniques":[215],"(LIME).":[216],"Findings":[217],"indicate":[218],"significant":[219],"differences":[220],"language":[222],"between":[223],"patients.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}