{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4200007206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2021.3135017","title":"An Expectation Maximization Based Adaptive Group Testing Method for Improving Efficiency and Sensitivity of Large-Scale Screening of COVID-19","display_name":"An Expectation Maximization Based Adaptive Group Testing Method for Improving Efficiency and Sensitivity of Large-Scale Screening of COVID-19","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4200007206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2021.3135017","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34905497"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2021.3135017","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2021.3135017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023083832","display_name":"Xiaofang Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2953-2313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofang Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2953-2313","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101901774","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1437-8173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049729591","display_name":"Bo Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-5338"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8655-5338","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101975013","display_name":"Yingfan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3743-5249"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingfan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048420839","display_name":"Jiangtao Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5569-0780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiangtao Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5569-0780","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025117178","display_name":"Yinlong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5545-2555"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142078773","display_name":"Shenyang Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00ft6nj33","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142078773","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinlong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Xicheng, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Xicheng, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142078773","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3221,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61469774,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"2","first_page":"482","last_page":"493"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11754","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11754","display_name":"SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11243","display_name":"Respiratory viral infections research","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11393","display_name":"Biosensors and Analytical Detection","score":0.9918000102043152,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/group-testing","display_name":"Group testing","score":0.8789176940917969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test-strategy","display_name":"Test strategy","score":0.5956246256828308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.5835452079772949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5620062947273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximization","display_name":"Maximization","score":0.5257885456085205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmarking","display_name":"Benchmarking","score":0.4787846803665161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.4167627990245819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.33997976779937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2826758921146393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.21664676070213318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21318641304969788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.15738710761070251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12561088800430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-medicine","display_name":"Internal medicine","score":0.12185096740722656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177580056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5611272","display_name":"Group testing","level":2,"score":0.8789176940917969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188598960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7705805","display_name":"Test strategy","level":3,"score":0.5956246256828308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.5835452079772949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5620062947273254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776330181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18358244","display_name":"Maximization","level":2,"score":0.5257885456085205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86251818","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816754","display_name":"Benchmarking","level":2,"score":0.4787846803665161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.4167627990245819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.33997976779937744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2826758921146393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.21664676070213318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21318641304969788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.15738710761070251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12561088800430298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.12185096740722656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086382","descriptor_name":"COVID-19","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000086402","descriptor_name":"SARS-CoV-2","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006282","descriptor_name":"Health Personnel","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006282","descriptor_name":"Health Personnel","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006282","descriptor_name":"Health Personnel","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009042","descriptor_name":"Motivation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009042","descriptor_name":"Motivation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009042","descriptor_name":"Motivation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058873","descriptor_name":"Pandemics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058873","descriptor_name":"Pandemics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D058873","descriptor_name":"Pandemics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2021.3135017","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2021.3135017","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34905497","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34905497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.sia.cn/:173321/30810","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ir.sia.cn/handle/173321/30810","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196984","display_name":"SIA OpenIR (Chinese Academy of Sciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","host_organization_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"\u671f\u520a\u8bba\u6587"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.7900000214576721}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2095260381","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019M663636","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2754175472","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61902299","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G34466970","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020-MS-032","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323086","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3626935745","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019TQ0239","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3790641591","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021JH6/10500114","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323086","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4677272570","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61976168","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5116192139","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62002274","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6283759816","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61903357","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G671647159","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019CGXNG-023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336567","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323086","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336567","display_name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975680434","https://openalex.org/W2071279559","https://openalex.org/W2112118326","https://openalex.org/W2137509088","https://openalex.org/W2858418091","https://openalex.org/W2862714283","https://openalex.org/W2970470981","https://openalex.org/W3018202701","https://openalex.org/W3023086180","https://openalex.org/W3025634934","https://openalex.org/W3027223127","https://openalex.org/W3035401645","https://openalex.org/W3080119772","https://openalex.org/W3080746490","https://openalex.org/W3106239323","https://openalex.org/W3108479920","https://openalex.org/W3121627709","https://openalex.org/W3155925984","https://openalex.org/W3160712467","https://openalex.org/W6777200131","https://openalex.org/W7077385502"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3018202701","https://openalex.org/W3121627709","https://openalex.org/W3170999263","https://openalex.org/W3016297787","https://openalex.org/W4200007206","https://openalex.org/W3030752299","https://openalex.org/W3046557687","https://openalex.org/W2165395431","https://openalex.org/W3038613024","https://openalex.org/W4387723794"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,58,143],"pathogen":[1],"of":[2,93,102,127,168,188,214,220,240],"the":[3,54,75,82,94,100,122,125,165,178,181,186,194,204,218,232],"ongoing":[4],"coronavirus":[5,20],"disease":[6],"2019":[7],"(COVID-19)":[8],"pandemic":[9],"is":[10,61,68,129,146,175,222],"a":[11,28,154,172,199,210,225],"newly":[12],"discovered":[13],"virus":[14],"called":[15],"severe":[16],"acute":[17],"respiratory":[18],"syndrome":[19],"2":[21],"(SARS-CoV-2).":[22],"Testing":[23,140],"individuals":[24,111],"for":[25],"SARS-CoV-2":[26,95],"plays":[27],"critical":[29],"role":[30],"in":[31,238],"containing":[32],"COVID-19.":[33],"For":[34],"saving":[35],"medical":[36],"personnel":[37],"and":[38,66,158,217,243],"consumables,":[39],"many":[40],"countries":[41],"are":[42],"implementing":[43],"group":[44,50,59,155,200,205],"testing":[45,51,151,156,161,206],"against":[46],"SARS-CoV-2.":[47],"However,":[48],"existing":[49,236],"methods":[52,80,237],"have":[53],"following":[55],"limitations:":[56],"(1)":[57],"size":[60,201],"determined":[62],"without":[63],"theoretical":[64],"analysis,":[65],"hence":[67],"usually":[69,88],"not":[70],"optimal.":[71],"This":[72],"adversely":[73],"impacts":[74,99],"screening":[76,179],"efficiency.":[77],"(2)":[78],"These":[79],"neglect":[81],"fact":[83],"that":[84,124,164,231],"mixing":[85],"samples":[86,169,216],"together":[87],"leads":[89],"to":[90,109,147],"substantial":[91],"dilution":[92],"virus,":[96],"which":[97,203],"seriously":[98],"sensitivity":[101,126,219],"tests.":[103],"In":[104],"this":[105,192],"paper,":[106],"we":[107],"aim":[108],"screen":[110],"infected":[112],"with":[113,115],"COVID-19":[114],"as":[116,119],"few":[117],"tests":[118,128,221],"possible,":[120],"under":[121,202],"premise":[123],"high":[130],"enough.":[131],"We":[132],"propose":[133],"an":[134,159],"eXpectation":[135],"Maximization":[136],"based":[137],"Adaptive":[138],"Group":[139],"(XMAGT)":[141],"method.":[142],"basic":[144],"idea":[145],"adaptively":[148],"adjust":[149],"its":[150],"strategy":[152,157,162,207],"between":[153],"individual":[160],"such":[163],"expected":[166,212],"number":[167,213],"identified":[170],"by":[171],"single":[173],"test":[174],"larger.":[176],"During":[177],"process,":[180],"XMAGT":[182,195,233],"method":[183,196,234],"can":[184,197,208],"estimate":[185],"ratio":[187],"positive":[189],"samples.":[190],"With":[191],"ratio,":[193],"determine":[198],"achieve":[209],"maximal":[211],"negative":[215],"higher":[223],"than":[224],"user-specified":[226],"threshold.":[227],"Experimental":[228],"results":[229],"show":[230],"outperforms":[235],"terms":[239],"both":[241],"efficiency":[242],"sensitivity.":[244]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}