{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3164454234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2021.3083274","title":"Classification of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Using Ensemble of Deep Neural Networks Trained Through Transfer Learning","display_name":"Classification of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Using Ensemble of Deep Neural Networks Trained Through Transfer Learning","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3164454234","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2021.3083274","mag":"3164454234","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34033550"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2021.3083274","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2021.3083274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Classification_of_Alzheimer_s_disease_using_ensemble_of_deep_neural_networks_trained_through_transfer_learning/20655300","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004222223","display_name":"M. Tanveer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5727-3697"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64295750","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Indore","ror":"https://ror.org/01hhf7w52","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Tanveer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, MP, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, MP, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112507792","display_name":"Ashraf Haroon Rashid","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64295750","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Indore","ror":"https://ror.org/01hhf7w52","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. H. Rashid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, MP, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, MP, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033429345","display_name":"M. A. Ganaie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3986-4434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64295750","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Indore","ror":"https://ror.org/01hhf7w52","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. A. Ganaie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, MP, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, MP, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087409683","display_name":"Motahar Reza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1790-5813"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I885392262","display_name":"GITAM University","ror":"https://ror.org/0440p1d37","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I885392262"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Reza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, GITAM University, Hyderabad, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, GITAM University, Hyderabad, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I885392262"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033585021","display_name":"Imran Razzak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3930-6600"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Imran Razzak","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101651291","display_name":"Kai\u2010Lung Hua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7735-243X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154864474","display_name":"National Taiwan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q09pe49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai-Lung Hua","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei City, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei City, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154864474"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004222223"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.4506,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":164,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98846485,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"26","issue":"4","first_page":"1453","last_page":"1463"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.7794300317764282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7502948641777039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7313406467437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6451694965362549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5392163991928101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.5309673547744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5209590196609497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snapshot","display_name":"Snapshot (computer storage)","score":0.5168038606643677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5143964886665344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.47004809975624084}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.7794300317764282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7502948641777039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7313406467437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6451694965362549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5392163991928101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.5309673547744751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5209590196609497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55282118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q252683","display_name":"Snapshot (computer storage)","level":2,"score":0.5168038606643677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5143964886665344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.47004809975624084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008279","descriptor_name":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D060825","descriptor_name":"Cognitive Dysfunction","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060825","descriptor_name":"Cognitive Dysfunction","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D060825","descriptor_name":"Cognitive Dysfunction","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2021.3083274","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2021.3083274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34033550","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34033550","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:dro.deakin.edu.au:DU:30153523","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401102","display_name":"Own your potential (DEAKIN)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","host_organization_name":"Deakin University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/20655300","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Classification_of_Alzheimer_s_disease_using_ensemble_of_deep_neural_networks_trained_through_transfer_learning/20655300","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/20655300","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Classification_of_Alzheimer_s_disease_using_ensemble_of_deep_neural_networks_trained_through_transfer_learning/20655300","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334771","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","ror":"https://ror.org/03ffdsr55"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1093064829","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1672221038","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W1843179996","https://openalex.org/W1988406745","https://openalex.org/W2009849234","https://openalex.org/W2037937061","https://openalex.org/W2071865662","https://openalex.org/W2097998348","https://openalex.org/W2113778882","https://openalex.org/W2118023920","https://openalex.org/W2122320288","https://openalex.org/W2155298532","https://openalex.org/W2158567814","https://openalex.org/W2167055186","https://openalex.org/W2244486986","https://openalex.org/W2344240351","https://openalex.org/W2527333635","https://openalex.org/W2582180708","https://openalex.org/W2587438326","https://openalex.org/W2649854718","https://openalex.org/W2737811824","https://openalex.org/W2790012920","https://openalex.org/W2886445457","https://openalex.org/W2907148404","https://openalex.org/W2908469802","https://openalex.org/W2951696358","https://openalex.org/W2963557007","https://openalex.org/W3007428445","https://openalex.org/W3022315685","https://openalex.org/W3025796938","https://openalex.org/W3026072590","https://openalex.org/W3149839747","https://openalex.org/W3152970886","https://openalex.org/W4246193833","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6674385629","https://openalex.org/W6737496325"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4206357785","https://openalex.org/W4281381188","https://openalex.org/W3192840557","https://openalex.org/W2951211570","https://openalex.org/W4375928479","https://openalex.org/W3167935049","https://openalex.org/W3023427754","https://openalex.org/W3131673289","https://openalex.org/W4393011546","https://openalex.org/W3198847674"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Alzheimer's":[0],"disease":[1],"(AD)":[2],"is":[3],"one":[4],"of":[5,20,36,53,69,93,99,107,122,150,161,186],"the":[6,11,16,34,67,73,91,108,120,137,168],"deadliest":[7],"neurodegenerative":[8],"diseases":[9],"ailing":[10],"elderly":[12],"population":[13],"all":[14],"over":[15],"world.":[17],"An":[18],"ensemble":[19,52],"Deep":[21],"learning":[22,65],"(DL)":[23],"models":[24,182],"can":[25],"learn":[26],"highly":[27],"complicated":[28],"patterns":[29],"from":[30,183],"MRI":[31],"scans":[32],"for":[33,66,111,163],"detection":[35],"AD":[37,116,128,166],"by":[38,80,87,189],"utilizing":[39],"diverse":[40],"solutions.":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43],"work,":[44],"we":[45],"propose":[46],"a":[47,146,158],"computationally":[48],"efficient,":[49],"DL-architecture":[50],"agnostic,":[51],"deep":[54,181],"neural":[55],"networks,":[56],"named":[57],"'Deep":[58],"Transfer":[59],"Ensemble":[60],"(DTE)'":[61],"trained":[62],"using":[63],"transfer":[64],"classification":[68,117],"AD.":[70],"DTE":[71,95,130],"leverages":[72],"complementary":[74],"feature":[75],"views":[76],"and":[77,101,133],"diversity":[78],"introduced":[79],"many":[81],"different":[82],"locally":[83],"optimum":[84],"solutions":[85],"reached":[86],"individual":[88],"networks":[89],"through":[90],"randomization":[92],"hyper-parameters.":[94],"achieves":[96,131],"an":[97],"accuracy":[98,160],"99.05%":[100],"85.27%":[102],"on":[103,136,145,167],"two":[104,138],"independent":[105,139],"splits":[106],"large":[109],"dataset":[110,148],"cognitively":[112],"normal":[113],"(NC)":[114],"vs":[115,127,165],"task.":[118],"For":[119],"task":[121],"mild":[123],"cognitive":[124],"impairment":[125],"(MCI)":[126],"classification,":[129],"98.71%":[132],"83.11%":[134],"respectively":[135],"splits.":[140],"It":[141,156,171],"also":[142,172],"performs":[143],"reasonable":[144],"small":[147,169],"consisting":[149],"only":[151],"50":[152],"samples":[153],"per":[154],"class.":[155],"achieved":[157],"maximum":[159],"85%":[162],"NC":[164],"dataset.":[170],"outperformed":[173],"snapshot":[174],"ensembles":[175],"along":[176],"with":[177],"several":[178],"other":[179,190],"existing":[180],"similar":[184],"kind":[185],"previous":[187],"works":[188],"researchers.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
