{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3117359250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2020.3048700","title":"Multiple Embeddings Enhanced Multi-Graph Neural Networks for Chinese Healthcare Named Entity Recognition","display_name":"Multiple Embeddings Enhanced Multi-Graph Neural Networks for Chinese Healthcare Named Entity Recognition","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3117359250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2020.3048700","mag":"3117359250","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33385314"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2020.3048700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2020.3048700","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078362082","display_name":"Lung\u2010Hao Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0472-7429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22265921","display_name":"National Central University","ror":"https://ror.org/00944ve71","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lung-Hao Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102781383","display_name":"Yi Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8071-9212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I22265921","display_name":"National Central University","ror":"https://ror.org/00944ve71","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078362082"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I22265921"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5352,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93724025,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"7","first_page":"2801","last_page":"2810"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11710","display_name":"Biomedical Text Mining and Ontologies","score":0.9843000173568726,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7725663185119629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/named-entity-recognition","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","score":0.759841799736023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.6287498474121094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentence","display_name":"Sentence","score":0.6189662218093872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6040207743644714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5051046013832092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entity-linking","display_name":"Entity linking","score":0.4793977737426758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annotation","display_name":"Annotation","score":0.4219944477081299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.37500548362731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.35625505447387695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-base","display_name":"Knowledge base","score":0.32999661564826965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.14682230353355408}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7725663185119629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779135771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q403574","display_name":"Named-entity recognition","level":3,"score":0.759841799736023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.6287498474121094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777530160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41796","display_name":"Sentence","level":2,"score":0.6189662218093872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6040207743644714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5051046013832092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96711827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17012245","display_name":"Entity linking","level":3,"score":0.4793977737426758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776321320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857525","display_name":"Annotation","level":2,"score":0.4219944477081299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.37500548362731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.35625505447387695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4554734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593744","display_name":"Knowledge base","level":2,"score":0.32999661564826965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.14682230353355408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002681","descriptor_name":"China","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002681","descriptor_name":"China","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002681","descriptor_name":"China","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003695","descriptor_name":"Delivery of Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003695","descriptor_name":"Delivery of Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003695","descriptor_name":"Delivery of Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007802","descriptor_name":"Language","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009323","descriptor_name":"Natural Language Processing","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2020.3048700","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2020.3048700","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33385314","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33385314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7300000190734863,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8551787097","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"108-2218-E-008-017-MY3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322795","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv4zf79"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W65845428","https://openalex.org/W153030736","https://openalex.org/W1543784782","https://openalex.org/W1997770675","https://openalex.org/W2003759038","https://openalex.org/W2075635421","https://openalex.org/W2112685487","https://openalex.org/W2118822954","https://openalex.org/W2140103187","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2153858739","https://openalex.org/W2167277498","https://openalex.org/W2250330633","https://openalex.org/W2250709962","https://openalex.org/W2252066972","https://openalex.org/W2296283641","https://openalex.org/W2559281960","https://openalex.org/W2756381707","https://openalex.org/W2767546521","https://openalex.org/W2803919630","https://openalex.org/W2884910431","https://openalex.org/W2885353156","https://openalex.org/W2890459330","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2905316459","https://openalex.org/W2912691650","https://openalex.org/W2930726706","https://openalex.org/W2931252866","https://openalex.org/W2945061189","https://openalex.org/W2945508466","https://openalex.org/W2950898568","https://openalex.org/W2952595356","https://openalex.org/W2962676330","https://openalex.org/W2962902328","https://openalex.org/W2962904552","https://openalex.org/W2963338481","https://openalex.org/W2963341956","https://openalex.org/W2963625095","https://openalex.org/W2964035777","https://openalex.org/W2967649271","https://openalex.org/W2971098335","https://openalex.org/W3014399069","https://openalex.org/W3098727690","https://openalex.org/W3103921574","https://openalex.org/W4294170691","https://openalex.org/W6602708751","https://openalex.org/W6606206306","https://openalex.org/W6632586675","https://openalex.org/W6682691769","https://openalex.org/W6690815549","https://openalex.org/W6691251321","https://openalex.org/W6712909727","https://openalex.org/W6744233811","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6761547421"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2186562580","https://openalex.org/W3198729192","https://openalex.org/W4255258373","https://openalex.org/W2593907245","https://openalex.org/W3000685722","https://openalex.org/W4377865234","https://openalex.org/W2520117834","https://openalex.org/W626980589","https://openalex.org/W4313162113","https://openalex.org/W1884363728"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Named":[0],"Entity":[1],"Recognition":[2],"(NER)":[3],"is":[4,20,79,166],"a":[5,15,116,157],"natural":[6],"language":[7],"processing":[8],"task":[9],"for":[10,32,51,72,115,170],"recognizing":[11],"named":[12,34,90,120],"entities":[13,91,121],"in":[14,54,137],"given":[16],"sentence.":[17],"Chinese":[18,52,171],"NER":[19,53],"difficult":[21],"due":[22],"to":[23,69,88],"the":[24,42,55,66],"lack":[25],"of":[26,118,150,159],"delimited":[27],"spaces":[28],"and":[29,37,77,92,107,135,168],"conventional":[30],"features":[31],"determining":[33],"entity":[35,124],"boundaries":[36],"categories.":[38],"This":[39],"study":[40],"proposes":[41],"ME-MGNN":[43,144],"(Multiple":[44],"Embeddings":[45],"enhanced":[46],"Multi-Graph":[47],"Neural":[48],"Networks)":[49],"model":[50,145,160],"healthcare":[56,172],"domain.":[57],"We":[58],"integrate":[59],"multiple":[60,82],"embeddings":[61],"at":[62],"different":[63],"granularities":[64],"from":[65,101],"radical,":[67],"character":[68,75],"word":[70],"levels":[71],"an":[73,147],"extended":[74],"representation,":[76],"this":[78],"fed":[80],"into":[81],"gated":[83],"graph":[84],"sequence":[85],"neural":[86],"networks":[87],"identify":[89],"classify":[93],"their":[94],"types.":[95],"The":[96],"experimental":[97],"datasets":[98],"were":[99],"collected":[100],"health-related":[102],"news,":[103],"digital":[104],"health":[105],"magazines":[106],"medical":[108],"question/answer":[109],"forums.":[110],"Manual":[111],"annotation":[112],"was":[113],"conducted":[114],"total":[117],"68,460":[119],"across":[122],"10":[123],"types":[125],"(body,":[126],"symptom,":[127],"instrument,":[128],"examination,":[129],"chemical,":[130],"disease,":[131],"drug,":[132],"supplement,":[133],"treatment":[134],"time)":[136],"30,692":[138],"sentences.":[139],"Experimental":[140],"results":[141],"indicated":[142],"our":[143,164],"achieved":[146],"F1-score":[148],"result":[149],"75.69,":[151],"outperforming":[152],"previous":[153],"methods.":[154],"In":[155],"practice,":[156],"series":[158],"analysis":[161],"implied":[162],"that":[163],"method":[165],"effective":[167],"efficient":[169],"NER.":[173]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
