{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3097903991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2020.3035888","title":"Anthropometric Landmark Detection in 3D Head Surfaces Using a Deep Learning Approach","display_name":"Anthropometric Landmark Detection in 3D Head Surfaces Using a Deep Learning Approach","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3097903991","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2020.3035888","mag":"3097903991","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33147152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2020.3035888","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2020.3035888","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023155064","display_name":"Helena R. Torres","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8407-3255"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185808892","display_name":"Polytechnic Institute of C\u00e1vado and Ave","ror":"https://ror.org/0448qsq10","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185808892"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99682543","display_name":"University of Minho","ror":"https://ror.org/037wpkx04","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helena R. Torres","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal","IPCA, Barcelos, Portugal","Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal","University of Minho, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8407-3255","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPCA, Barcelos, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185808892"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minho, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081841142","display_name":"Pedro Morais","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1995-7879"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185808892","display_name":"Polytechnic Institute of C\u00e1vado and Ave","ror":"https://ror.org/0448qsq10","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185808892"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Morais","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPCA, Barcelos, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPCA, Barcelos, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185808892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081957611","display_name":"Anne Fritze","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anne Fritze","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Faculty of TU Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Faculty of TU Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027235988","display_name":"Bruno Oliveira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1616-2234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185808892","display_name":"Polytechnic Institute of C\u00e1vado and Ave","ror":"https://ror.org/0448qsq10","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185808892"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99682543","display_name":"University of Minho","ror":"https://ror.org/037wpkx04","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruno Oliveira","raw_affiliation_strings":["ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal","IPCA, Barcelos, Portugal","Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal","University of Minho, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPCA, Barcelos, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185808892"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Braga, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minho, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026572366","display_name":"Fernando Veloso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6275-5711"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185808892","display_name":"Polytechnic Institute of C\u00e1vado and Ave","ror":"https://ror.org/0448qsq10","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185808892"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99682543","display_name":"University of Minho","ror":"https://ror.org/037wpkx04","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fernando Veloso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minho, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal","IPCA, Barcelos, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6275-5711","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minho, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPCA, Barcelos, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185808892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042400151","display_name":"Mario R\u00fcdiger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7498-1209"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mario Rudiger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Medical Faculty of TU Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Medical Faculty of TU Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036758036","display_name":"Jaime C. Fonseca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6703-3278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99682543","display_name":"University of Minho","ror":"https://ror.org/037wpkx04","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaime C. Fonseca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Algoritmi Center, University of Minho, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Algoritmi Center, University of Minho, Guimar\u00e3es, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008817714","display_name":"Jo\u00e3o L. Vila\u00e7a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4196-5357"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185808892","display_name":"Polytechnic Institute of C\u00e1vado and Ave","ror":"https://ror.org/0448qsq10","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185808892"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joao L. Vilaca","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPCA, Barcelos, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4196-5357","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPCA, Barcelos, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185808892"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4266,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":23,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77975551,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"7","first_page":"2643","last_page":"2654"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11984","display_name":"Anatomy and Medical Technology","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11679","display_name":"Craniofacial Disorders and Treatments","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landmark","display_name":"Landmark","score":0.9500847458839417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7842780351638794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.768234133720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.7214058041572571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.584538459777832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5091285109519958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/head","display_name":"Head (geology)","score":0.4908657670021057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.47764790058135986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.44978204369544983}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780297707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4895393","display_name":"Landmark","level":2,"score":0.9500847458839417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7842780351638794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.768234133720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.7214058041572571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.584538459777832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5091285109519958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780312720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5689100","display_name":"Head (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4908657670021057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.47764790058135986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.44978204369544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000077321","descriptor_name":"Deep Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000886","descriptor_name":"Anthropometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000886","descriptor_name":"Anthropometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000886","descriptor_name":"Anthropometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006257","descriptor_name":"Head","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006257","descriptor_name":"Head","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006257","descriptor_name":"Head","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D021621","descriptor_name":"Imaging, Three-Dimensional","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2020.3035888","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2020.3035888","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33147152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33147152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:ciencipca.ipca.pt:11110/1995","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11110/1995","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051867","display_name":"CiencIPCA","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt:1822/71318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1822/71318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400354","display_name":"Reposit\u00f3riUM (Universidade do Minho)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I99682543","host_organization_name":"University of Minho","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99682543"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorium.uminho.pt:1822/71318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1822/71318","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402433","display_name":"Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G345160422","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-024300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4105666648","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SFRH/BD/131545/2017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G510732750","display_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence Laboratory","funder_award_id":"UIDP/05549/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7936553579","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SFRH/BD/136670/2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8137035112","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SFRH/BD/136721/2018","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8519435835","display_name":"Applied Artificial Intelligence Laboratory","funder_award_id":"UIDB/05549/2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00snfqn58"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1984035731","https://openalex.org/W1994351320","https://openalex.org/W1994630303","https://openalex.org/W1995638554","https://openalex.org/W2003931381","https://openalex.org/W2029221124","https://openalex.org/W2029802688","https://openalex.org/W2044584741","https://openalex.org/W2095564167","https://openalex.org/W2104300442","https://openalex.org/W2106115875","https://openalex.org/W2128258626","https://openalex.org/W2133131023","https://openalex.org/W2134206341","https://openalex.org/W2134301144","https://openalex.org/W2151802865","https://openalex.org/W2163163217","https://openalex.org/W2237250383","https://openalex.org/W2344109021","https://openalex.org/W2345364685","https://openalex.org/W2421900363","https://openalex.org/W2560609797","https://openalex.org/W2562014134","https://openalex.org/W2606980007","https://openalex.org/W2617941876","https://openalex.org/W2738393865","https://openalex.org/W2891276313","https://openalex.org/W2912750015","https://openalex.org/W2921183382","https://openalex.org/W2921767066","https://openalex.org/W2928999112","https://openalex.org/W2937113026","https://openalex.org/W2938417515","https://openalex.org/W2947691677","https://openalex.org/W2964051675","https://openalex.org/W2982559294","https://openalex.org/W3011120345","https://openalex.org/W3100719228","https://openalex.org/W4254013979","https://openalex.org/W4289709210","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6649106086","https://openalex.org/W6679752024","https://openalex.org/W6748141922","https://openalex.org/W6760742710","https://openalex.org/W6763422710"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2056853153","https://openalex.org/W2057559274","https://openalex.org/W2005087563","https://openalex.org/W2378111931","https://openalex.org/W2052388267","https://openalex.org/W2950647290","https://openalex.org/W1968481813","https://openalex.org/W2620829895","https://openalex.org/W2356918560","https://openalex.org/W2075933280"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Landmark":[0],"labeling":[1,29],"in":[2,12,56,63,78,131,170],"3D":[3,57,79,96,110],"head":[4,17,81,97,122,174],"surfaces":[5],"is":[6,30,72,86,124],"an":[7],"important":[8],"and":[9,36,44,99,133,164],"routine":[10],"task":[11],"clinical":[13,64,171],"practice":[14,172],"to":[15,20,41,74,114,167],"evaluate":[16],"shape,":[18],"namely":[19],"analyze":[21],"cranial":[22],"deformities":[23],"or":[24],"growth":[25],"evolution.":[26],"However,":[27],"manual":[28],"still":[31],"applied,":[32],"being":[33],"a":[34,60,69,104,109],"tedious":[35],"time-consuming":[37],"task,":[38],"highly":[39],"prone":[40],"intra-/inter-observer":[42],"variability,":[43],"can":[45],"mislead":[46],"the":[47,95,120,141,150,154,158,161],"diagnose.":[48],"Thus,":[49],"automatic":[50],"methods":[51],"for":[52,173],"anthropometric":[53],"landmark":[54,101],"detection":[55,102,138],"models":[58,117],"have":[59],"high":[61],"interest":[62],"practice.":[65],"In":[66],"this":[67],"paper,":[68],"novel":[70],"framework":[71,128],"proposed":[73,84,127,162],"accurately":[75],"detect":[76],"landmarks":[77],"infant's":[80],"surfaces.":[82],"The":[83,126],"method":[85,113,163],"divided":[87],"into":[88],"two":[89],"stages:":[90],"(i)":[91],"2D":[92],"representation":[93],"of":[94,160],"surface;":[98],"(ii)":[100],"through":[103],"deep":[105],"learning":[106],"strategy.":[107],"Moreover,":[108],"data":[111,142],"augmentation":[112,143],"create":[115],"shape":[116,175],"based":[118],"on":[119],"expected":[121],"variability":[123],"proposed.":[125],"was":[129],"evaluated":[130],"synthetic":[132],"real":[134],"datasets,":[135],"achieving":[136],"accurate":[137],"results.":[139],"Furthermore,":[140],"strategy":[144],"proved":[145],"its":[146,165],"added":[147],"value,":[148],"increasing":[149],"method's":[151],"performance.":[152],"Overall,":[153],"obtained":[155],"results":[156],"demonstrated":[157],"robustness":[159],"potential":[166],"be":[168],"used":[169],"analysis.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-20T07:56:41.581041","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}