{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3087075955","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2020.3024262","title":"Weakly Supervised Histopathology Image Segmentation With Sparse Point Annotations","display_name":"Weakly Supervised Histopathology Image Segmentation With Sparse Point Annotations","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3087075955","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2020.3024262","mag":"3087075955","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32931437"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2020.3024262","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2020.3024262","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100457661","display_name":"Zhe Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0292-7497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181326427","display_name":"Donghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/035psfh38","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhe Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Donghua University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Donghua University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100352001","display_name":"Zhao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5411-8659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181326427","display_name":"Donghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/035psfh38","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Donghua University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Donghua University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100755006","display_name":"Jingxin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6071-9197"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingxin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052814363","display_name":"Qiang Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7853-8033"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093194","display_name":"Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00my25942","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093194"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101152880","display_name":"Yuang Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181326427","display_name":"Donghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/035psfh38","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuang Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Donghua University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Donghua University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052422888","display_name":"Yanfei Zuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4584-4226"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089783","display_name":"Shanghai Medical Information Center","ror":"https://ror.org/007wz9933","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089783"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanfei Zuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Histo Pathology Diagnostic Center, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Histo Pathology Diagnostic Center, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089783"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100659515","display_name":"Zhaoyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0656-0562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089783","display_name":"Shanghai Medical Information Center","ror":"https://ror.org/007wz9933","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089783"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaoyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Histo Pathology Diagnostic Center, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Histo Pathology Diagnostic Center, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089783"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054904011","display_name":"Xiaosong Guan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089783","display_name":"Shanghai Medical Information Center","ror":"https://ror.org/007wz9933","country_code":"CN","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089783"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaosong Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Histo Pathology Diagnostic Center, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Histo Pathology Diagnostic Center, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089783"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100372106","display_name":"Yue Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1264-7584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093194","display_name":"Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00my25942","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093194"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093194"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101841379","display_name":"Yuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9022-7345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093194","display_name":"Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00my25942","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210093194"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093194"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100457661"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181326427"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4853,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":55,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95509867,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"5","first_page":"1673","last_page":"1685"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12874","display_name":"Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7736766338348389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7465255260467529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6742404699325562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6694205403327942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.5505969524383545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.4600057899951935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.44634976983070374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.43156570196151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4160378873348236}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7736766338348389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7465255260467529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6742404699325562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6694205403327942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.5505969524383545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.4600057899951935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.44634976983070374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.43156570196151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4160378873348236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069553","descriptor_name":"Supervised Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007091","descriptor_name":"Image Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2020.3024262","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2020.3024262","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32931437","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32931437","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3162578120","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"17YF1427400","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G369848745","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"18CG38","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321881","funder_display_name":"Shanghai Municipal Education Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6132232408","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61702094","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321881","display_name":"Shanghai Municipal Education Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/05tewj457"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","ror":"https://ror.org/03kt66j61"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W104184427","https://openalex.org/W611457968","https://openalex.org/W855272188","https://openalex.org/W1495267108","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1938976761","https://openalex.org/W1950315773","https://openalex.org/W1975103383","https://openalex.org/W2085625911","https://openalex.org/W2098140880","https://openalex.org/W2101771332","https://openalex.org/W2103243046","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2118246710","https://openalex.org/W2139823104","https://openalex.org/W2146655125","https://openalex.org/W2154455818","https://openalex.org/W2166338096","https://openalex.org/W2168804568","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2295107390","https://openalex.org/W2322480645","https://openalex.org/W2337429362","https://openalex.org/W2358876993","https://openalex.org/W2395611524","https://openalex.org/W2482581235","https://openalex.org/W2550409828","https://openalex.org/W2552414813","https://openalex.org/W2583578793","https://openalex.org/W2605214291","https://openalex.org/W2798715809","https://openalex.org/W2799124825","https://openalex.org/W2799738340","https://openalex.org/W2805735218","https://openalex.org/W2883725317","https://openalex.org/W2913510405","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2949088214","https://openalex.org/W2956228567","https://openalex.org/W2962761061","https://openalex.org/W2963198662","https://openalex.org/W2963311325","https://openalex.org/W2979805229","https://openalex.org/W2979976730","https://openalex.org/W3015889230","https://openalex.org/W3106105822","https://openalex.org/W4288112966","https://openalex.org/W4288328879","https://openalex.org/W6604254268","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6680434193","https://openalex.org/W6681502257","https://openalex.org/W6682494755","https://openalex.org/W6697443983","https://openalex.org/W6729627326","https://openalex.org/W6736301864","https://openalex.org/W6763415585","https://openalex.org/W6767093278"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055243143","https://openalex.org/W4321487865","https://openalex.org/W4313906399","https://openalex.org/W4239306820","https://openalex.org/W4391266461","https://openalex.org/W2590798552","https://openalex.org/W2811106690","https://openalex.org/W2947043951","https://openalex.org/W4399188509","https://openalex.org/W1522196789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0],"histopathology":[1,45,181],"image":[2],"segmentation":[3,67,201],"can":[4,194],"facilitate":[5],"computer-assisted":[6],"cancer":[7],"diagnostics.":[8],"Given":[9],"the":[10,22,99,110,114,122,134,137,163],"difficulty":[11],"of":[12,113,136,180],"obtaining":[13],"manual":[14],"annotations,":[15,63,192],"weak":[16],"supervision":[17,26],"is":[18,147,158],"more":[19],"suitable":[20],"for":[21,36,149],"task":[23],"than":[24],"full":[25],"is.":[27],"However,":[28],"most":[29],"weakly":[30,53,174],"supervised":[31,54,175,200],"models":[32],"are":[33,129],"not":[34],"ideal":[35],"handling":[37],"severe":[38],"intra-class":[39],"heterogeneity":[40],"and":[41,68,82,95,117,168],"inter-class":[42],"homogeneity":[43],"in":[44],"images.":[46],"Therefore,":[47],"we":[48],"propose":[49],"a":[50,178],"novel":[51],"end-to-end":[52],"learning":[55],"framework":[56],"named":[57],"WESUP.":[58],"With":[59],"only":[60],"sparse":[61,123,190],"point":[62,191],"it":[64],"performs":[65],"accurate":[66],"exhibits":[69],"good":[70],"generalizability.":[71],"The":[72,87,107],"training":[73],"phase":[74],"comprises":[75],"two":[76,127],"major":[77],"parts,":[78],"hierarchical":[79,115],"feature":[80,101],"representation":[81],"deep":[83],"dynamic":[84],"label":[85],"propagation.":[86],"former":[88],"uses":[89],"superpixels":[90],"to":[91,132,160],"capture":[92],"local":[93],"details":[94],"global":[96],"context":[97],"from":[98],"convolutional":[100],"maps":[102],"obtained":[103],"via":[104],"transfer":[105],"learning.":[106],"latter":[108],"recognizes":[109],"manifold":[111],"structure":[112],"features":[116],"identifies":[118],"potential":[119],"targets":[120],"with":[121,183],"annotations.":[124],"Moreover,":[125],"these":[126],"parts":[128],"trained":[130],"jointly":[131],"improve":[133],"performance":[135],"whole":[138],"framework.":[139],"To":[140],"further":[141],"boost":[142],"test":[143],"performance,":[144],"pixel-wise":[145],"inference":[146],"adopted":[148],"finer":[150],"prediction.":[151],"As":[152],"demonstrated":[153],"by":[154,188],"experimental":[155],"results,":[156],"WESUP":[157,193],"able":[159],"largely":[161],"resolve":[162],"confusion":[164],"between":[165],"histological":[166],"foreground":[167],"background.":[169],"It":[170],"outperforms":[171],"several":[172],"state-of-the-art":[173],"methods":[176],"on":[177],"variety":[179],"datasets":[182],"minimal":[184],"annotation":[185],"efforts.":[186],"Trained":[187],"very":[189],"even":[195],"beat":[196],"an":[197],"advanced":[198],"fully":[199],"network.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-17T18:11:37.981687","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}