{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3016323452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2020.2987528","title":"EMG Signal Filtering Based on Variational Mode Decomposition and Sub-Band Thresholding","display_name":"EMG Signal Filtering Based on Variational Mode Decomposition and Sub-Band Thresholding","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3016323452","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2020.2987528","mag":"3016323452","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32305948"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2020.2987528","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2020.2987528","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040002528","display_name":"Shihan Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3511-2278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shihan Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026748241","display_name":"Bo Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9304-4077"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100443727","display_name":"Chuang Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3496-177X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210145761","display_name":"Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04gh4er46","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210145761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuang Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210145761","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062272467","display_name":"Xinjun Sheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6124-8665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinjun Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078125284","display_name":"Xiangyang Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4914-6636"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyang Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5040002528"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0386,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91573628,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"1","first_page":"47","last_page":"58"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10220","display_name":"Machine Fault Diagnosis Techniques","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thresholding","display_name":"Thresholding","score":0.6898896098136902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6050563454627991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decomposition","display_name":"Decomposition","score":0.5647713541984558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filtering-theory","display_name":"Filtering theory","score":0.5352775454521179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5068252682685852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.49546873569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.478412002325058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.4747610092163086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.463681161403656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.398601233959198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.38638827204704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2055254578590393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.08078542351722717}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191178318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2256906","display_name":"Thresholding","level":3,"score":0.6898896098136902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6050563454627991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124681953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339062","display_name":"Decomposition","level":2,"score":0.5647713541984558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988922011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5449244","display_name":"Filtering theory","level":2,"score":0.5352775454521179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5068252682685852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.49546873569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.478412002325058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.4747610092163086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.463681161403656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.398601233959198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.38638827204704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2055254578590393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.08078542351722717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004576","descriptor_name":"Electromyography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016011","descriptor_name":"Normal Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016011","descriptor_name":"Normal Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016011","descriptor_name":"Normal Distribution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D059629","descriptor_name":"Signal-To-Noise Ratio","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2020.2987528","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2020.2987528","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32305948","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32305948","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1655690255","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB1307200","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336026","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1691558216","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"18JC1410400","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6154971310","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"51620105002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G706094164","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91748119","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","ror":"https://ror.org/03kt66j61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336026","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W134390152","https://openalex.org/W948048528","https://openalex.org/W1804238228","https://openalex.org/W1809394698","https://openalex.org/W1962531538","https://openalex.org/W1964919144","https://openalex.org/W1974688913","https://openalex.org/W2000982976","https://openalex.org/W2001204559","https://openalex.org/W2002499457","https://openalex.org/W2007221293","https://openalex.org/W2035381272","https://openalex.org/W2073476715","https://openalex.org/W2097092203","https://openalex.org/W2103403570","https://openalex.org/W2109896502","https://openalex.org/W2120390927","https://openalex.org/W2130036041","https://openalex.org/W2135651282","https://openalex.org/W2155105678","https://openalex.org/W2156914236","https://openalex.org/W2158728671","https://openalex.org/W2163621334","https://openalex.org/W2170613067","https://openalex.org/W2241552698","https://openalex.org/W2277108862","https://openalex.org/W2330714737","https://openalex.org/W2363608638","https://openalex.org/W2587122088","https://openalex.org/W2588883273","https://openalex.org/W2614711037","https://openalex.org/W2740983381","https://openalex.org/W2766284769","https://openalex.org/W2767446000","https://openalex.org/W2810106967","https://openalex.org/W2962781855","https://openalex.org/W2964693966","https://openalex.org/W2990256162","https://openalex.org/W3022697970","https://openalex.org/W4205566328","https://openalex.org/W6605440414"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1542224353","https://openalex.org/W1661087619","https://openalex.org/W2116854923","https://openalex.org/W2750730210","https://openalex.org/W2236974868","https://openalex.org/W4312766348","https://openalex.org/W4233939244","https://openalex.org/W2730764323","https://openalex.org/W3123806511","https://openalex.org/W1976727107"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Surface":[0],"electromyography":[1],"(EMG)":[2],"signals":[3,121,214],"are":[4],"inevitably":[5],"contaminated":[6],"by":[7,104,206],"various":[8],"noise":[9,21,87,109,194,231,289],"components,":[10],"including":[11,154],"powerline":[12],"interference":[13],"(PLI),":[14],"baseline":[15],"wandering":[16],"(BW),":[17],"and":[18,32,36,93,119,142,166,209,219,238,266,290,310],"white":[19],"Gaussian":[20],"(WGN).":[22],"These":[23],"noises":[24],"directly":[25],"degrade":[26],"the":[27,34,44,126,134,143,147,181,196,249,252,261,268,272,303],"efficiency":[28],"of":[29,38,43,51,64,76,86,248,264,270,288],"EMG":[30,45,68,213,277,299,311],"processing":[31],"affect":[33],"accuracy":[35],"robustness":[37],"further":[39],"applications.":[40],"Currently,":[41],"most":[42],"filters":[46],"only":[47],"target":[48],"one":[49],"category":[50,85],"noise.":[52,65],"Here,":[53],"we":[54],"propose":[55],"a":[56,108],"novel":[57],"filter":[58,274,281],"to":[59,184,275],"remove":[60,185],"all":[61],"three":[62,123,286],"types":[63],"The":[66,112,177,202,226,279],"noisy":[67],"signal":[69,300],"is":[70,88,94,102,282],"first":[71],"decomposed":[72],"into":[73],"an":[74],"ensemble":[75,167],"band-limited":[77],"modes":[78,92],"using":[79,122,271],"variational":[80],"mode":[81,162,169],"decomposition":[82,163,170],"(VMD).":[83],"Each":[84],"located":[89],"within":[90],"specific":[91],"separately":[95],"removed":[96,234],"in":[97,136,146],"sub-bands.":[98],"In":[99],"particular,":[100],"WGN":[101,220],"suppressed":[103],"soft":[105],"thresholding":[106],"with":[107,216],"level-dependent":[110],"threshold.":[111],"denoising":[113],"performance":[114,124,183],"was":[115,200,204,232],"assessed":[116],"from":[117,235,243],"simulated":[118],"experimental":[120,227],"metrics:":[125],"root":[127],"mean":[128],"square":[129],"error":[130],"([Formula:":[131,139],"see":[132,140],"text]),":[133,141],"improvement":[135],"signal-to-noise":[137,197],"ratio":[138,198],"percentage":[144],"reduction":[145],"correlation":[148],"coefficient":[149],"(":[150],"\u03b7).":[151],"Other":[152],"methods,":[153],"traditional":[155],"infinite":[156],"impulse":[157],"response":[158],"(IIR)":[159],"filters,":[160],"empirical":[161,168],"(EMD)":[164],"method,":[165,172],"(EEMD)":[171],"were":[173,241],"examined":[174],"for":[175,212,294],"comparison.":[176],"proposed":[178,280],"method":[179],"achieved":[180],"best":[182],"BW":[186],"or":[187],"WGN.":[188],"It":[189],"also":[190],"effectively":[191],"reduced":[192],"PLI":[193],"when":[195],"(SNR)":[199],"low.":[201],"SNR":[203,254],"improved":[205,253],"18.6,":[207],"19.2,":[208],"8.0":[210],"dB":[211,223],"corrupted":[215],"PLI,":[217],"BW,":[218],"at":[221,284,302],"-6":[222],"SNR,":[224],"respectively.":[225],"results":[228],"illustrated":[229],"that":[230,297],"completely":[233],"resting":[236],"states,":[237],"obvious":[239],"spikes":[240],"distinguished":[242],"action":[244],"states.":[245],"For":[246],"two":[247],"ten":[250],"subjects,":[251],"reached":[255],"20":[256],"dB.":[257],"This":[258],"study":[259],"explores":[260],"special":[262],"characteristics":[263],"VMD":[265],"demonstrates":[267],"feasibility":[269],"VMD-based":[273],"denoise":[276],"signals.":[278],"efficient":[283],"removing":[285],"categories":[287],"can":[291],"be":[292],"used":[293],"any":[295],"application":[296],"requires":[298],"filtering":[301],"preprocessing":[304],"stage,":[305],"such":[306],"as":[307],"gesture":[308],"recognition":[309],"decomposition.":[312]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}