{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2973069650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2019.2937558","title":"A Hierarchical Neural Network for Sleep Stage Classification Based on Comprehensive Feature Learning and Multi-Flow Sequence Learning","display_name":"A Hierarchical Neural Network for Sleep Stage Classification Based on Comprehensive Feature Learning and Multi-Flow Sequence Learning","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2973069650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2019.2937558","mag":"2973069650","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31478877"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2019.2937558","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2019.2937558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053371949","display_name":"Chenglu Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9957-4973"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chenglu Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Intelligent Medical Electronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Medical Electronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100418370","display_name":"Chen Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7587-3314"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Intelligent Medical Electronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Medical Electronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100318193","display_name":"Wei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4486-8341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Intelligent Medical Electronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Medical Electronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009024629","display_name":"Jiahao Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0514-1323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiahao Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Intelligent Medical Electronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Medical Electronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100344582","display_name":"Wei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3720-718X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Intelligent Medical Electronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Intelligent Medical Electronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053371949"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.2082,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":90,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94862005,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"5","first_page":"1351","last_page":"1366"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10234","display_name":"Obstructive Sleep Apnea Research","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12205","display_name":"Time Series Analysis and Forecasting","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7792763710021973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.693566620349884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6236829161643982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polysomnography","display_name":"Polysomnography","score":0.5795296430587769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-stages","display_name":"Sleep Stages","score":0.5746409296989441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5617339611053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.5037173628807068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5019009113311768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4741651117801666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.47405025362968445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.46349453926086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.10265564918518066}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7792763710021973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.693566620349884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6236829161643982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778205975","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1754874","display_name":"Polysomnography","level":3,"score":0.5795296430587769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910364982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35831","display_name":"Sleep Stages","level":4,"score":0.5746409296989441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5617339611053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.5037173628807068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5019009113311768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4741651117801666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.47405025362968445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.46349453926086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.10265564918518066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000069550","descriptor_name":"Machine Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004568","descriptor_name":"Electrodiagnosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004568","descriptor_name":"Electrodiagnosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004568","descriptor_name":"Electrodiagnosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012894","descriptor_name":"Sleep Stages","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012894","descriptor_name":"Sleep Stages","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012894","descriptor_name":"Sleep Stages","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016571","descriptor_name":"Neural Networks, Computer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017286","descriptor_name":"Polysomnography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017286","descriptor_name":"Polysomnography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017286","descriptor_name":"Polysomnography","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055815","descriptor_name":"Young Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2019.2937558","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2019.2937558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31478877","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31478877","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2701584752","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018T110346","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3885258778","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018M632019","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6234066886","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFE0112000","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336026","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336026","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W179875071","https://openalex.org/W581956982","https://openalex.org/W854541894","https://openalex.org/W1508729303","https://openalex.org/W1544827683","https://openalex.org/W1689711448","https://openalex.org/W1948566616","https://openalex.org/W1950788856","https://openalex.org/W1978360139","https://openalex.org/W1983256092","https://openalex.org/W1986199749","https://openalex.org/W2015588778","https://openalex.org/W2017689092","https://openalex.org/W2089034242","https://openalex.org/W2093266575","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2125388816","https://openalex.org/W2131774270","https://openalex.org/W2133564696","https://openalex.org/W2137042059","https://openalex.org/W2143612262","https://openalex.org/W2156387975","https://openalex.org/W2162800060","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2164082066","https://openalex.org/W2180889008","https://openalex.org/W2482168716","https://openalex.org/W2525537354","https://openalex.org/W2529700114","https://openalex.org/W2539353608","https://openalex.org/W2559785631","https://openalex.org/W2560384232","https://openalex.org/W2593999683","https://openalex.org/W2604096629","https://openalex.org/W2612047884","https://openalex.org/W2740795343","https://openalex.org/W2762248038","https://openalex.org/W2794022343","https://openalex.org/W2884525847","https://openalex.org/W2889480551","https://openalex.org/W2900751392","https://openalex.org/W2949615363","https://openalex.org/W2953384591","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2963919481","https://openalex.org/W2964308564","https://openalex.org/W3022302886","https://openalex.org/W6607333740","https://openalex.org/W6616837769","https://openalex.org/W6623517193","https://openalex.org/W6632455782","https://openalex.org/W6640754710","https://openalex.org/W6674330103","https://openalex.org/W6679434410","https://openalex.org/W6682889407","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6713134421","https://openalex.org/W6727807574","https://openalex.org/W6741610693","https://openalex.org/W6744707862","https://openalex.org/W6754697673"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3008584592","https://openalex.org/W2084125138","https://openalex.org/W2841059565","https://openalex.org/W2294987193","https://openalex.org/W3196356839","https://openalex.org/W3026648951","https://openalex.org/W4224220486","https://openalex.org/W2079867952","https://openalex.org/W2909475760","https://openalex.org/W2977103423"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automatic":[0],"sleep":[1,52,106,129,188,211],"staging":[2],"methods":[3],"usually":[4],"extract":[5],"hand-crafted":[6,82],"features":[7,11,83],"or":[8],"network":[9,39,57,85,92],"trained":[10,86],"from":[12],"signals":[13,44,194],"recorded":[14],"by":[15,23,79,121,191],"polysomnography":[16],"(PSG),":[17],"and":[18,65,84,108,148,170,201,204],"then":[19],"estimate":[20],"the":[21,47,76,81,95,110,113,131,143,149,157,165,174,180,207],"stages":[22],"various":[24],"classifiers.":[25],"In":[26],"this":[27],"study,":[28],"we":[29],"propose":[30],"a":[31,36,127],"classification":[32,190],"approach":[33,140,158,185],"based":[34],"on":[35],"hierarchical":[37,56],"neural":[38,91],"to":[40,74,100,164,209],"process":[41],"multi-channel":[42,192],"PSG":[43,193],"for":[45],"improving":[46],"performance":[48,162],"of":[49,134,146,176,179],"automatic":[50,187],"five-class":[51],"staging.":[53],"The":[54,69,116,138,153,183],"proposed":[55,117,139,181,184],"contains":[58],"two":[59],"stages:":[60],"comprehensive":[61],"feature":[62,77],"learning":[63,67],"stage":[64,71,97,189],"sequence":[66],"stage.":[68,115],"first":[70,114],"is":[72,98,151],"used":[73],"obtain":[75],"matrix":[78],"fusing":[80],"features.":[87],"A":[88],"multi-flow":[89],"recurrent":[90],"(RNN)":[93],"as":[94],"second":[96],"utilized":[99],"fully":[101],"learn":[102],"temporal":[103],"information":[104,212],"between":[105],"epochs":[107],"fine-tune":[109],"parameters":[111],"in":[112,126],"model":[118,171],"was":[119],"evaluated":[120],"147":[122],"full":[123],"night":[124],"recordings":[125],"public":[128],"database,":[130],"Montreal":[132],"Archive":[133],"Sleep":[135],"Studies":[136],"(MASS).":[137],"can":[141,159],"achieve":[142,160],"overall":[144],"accuracy":[145],"0.878,":[147],"F1-score":[150],"0.818.":[152],"results":[154],"show":[155],"that":[156],"better":[161],"compared":[163],"state-of-the-art":[166],"methods.":[167],"Ablation":[168],"experiment":[169],"analysis":[172],"proved":[173],"effectiveness":[175],"different":[177,196],"components":[178],"model.":[182],"allows":[186],"with":[195],"criteria":[197],"standards,":[198],"signal":[199],"characteristics,":[200],"epoch":[202],"divisions,":[203],"it":[205],"has":[206],"potential":[208],"exploit":[210],"comprehensively.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}