{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2247607085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2015.2458274","title":"Human Activity Recognition by Combining a Small Number of Classifiers","display_name":"Human Activity Recognition by Combining a Small Number of Classifiers","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-07-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2247607085","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2015.2458274","mag":"2247607085","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26208368"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2015.2458274","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2015.2458274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069806454","display_name":"Alfredo Naz\u00e1bal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9414-7139"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2960094004","display_name":"Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/0111es613","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2960094004","https://openalex.org/I4210139293"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alfredo Nazabal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Theory of Signal and Communications and the Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n Health Research Institute, University Carlos III, Legan\u00e9s, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Theory of Signal and Communications and the Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n Health Research Institute, University Carlos III, Legan\u00e9s, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001","https://openalex.org/I2960094004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024976191","display_name":"Pablo Garcia-Moreno","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2960094004","display_name":"Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/0111es613","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2960094004","https://openalex.org/I4210139293"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Garcia-Moreno","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Theory of Signal and Communications and the Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n Health Research Institute, University Carlos III, Legan\u00e9s, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Theory of Signal and Communications and the Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n Health Research Institute, University Carlos III, Legan\u00e9s, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001","https://openalex.org/I2960094004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074635079","display_name":"Antonio Art\u00e9s-Rodr\u0131\u0301guez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6540-7109"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2960094004","display_name":"Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/0111es613","country_code":"ES","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2960094004","https://openalex.org/I4210139293"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Artes-Rodriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Theory of Signal and Communications and the Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n Health Research Institute, University Carlos III, Legan\u00e9s, Madrid, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Theory of Signal and Communications and the Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n Health Research Institute, University Carlos III, Legan\u00e9s, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001","https://openalex.org/I2960094004"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010820865","display_name":"Zoubin Ghahramani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7464-6475"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zoubin Ghahramani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069806454"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2960094004","https://openalex.org/I50357001"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2464,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":46,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92201865,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"5","first_page":"1342","last_page":"1351"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9925000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9908000230789185,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/activity-recognition","display_name":"Activity recognition","score":0.7747011184692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7609902620315552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.7015551328659058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6843076944351196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.6796983480453491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6472986936569214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6055626273155212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5737425088882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5241746306419373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-probability","display_name":"Bayesian probability","score":0.48314613103866577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bayesian-inference","display_name":"Bayesian inference","score":0.4654325544834137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.34715035557746887}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121687571","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677630","display_name":"Activity recognition","level":2,"score":0.7747011184692383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7609902620315552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.7015551328659058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6843076944351196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.6796983480453491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6472986936569214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6055626273155212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5737425088882446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5241746306419373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107673813","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812534","display_name":"Bayesian probability","level":2,"score":0.48314613103866577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160234255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812535","display_name":"Bayesian inference","level":3,"score":0.4654325544834137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.34715035557746887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001499","descriptor_name":"Bayes Theorem","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006802","descriptor_name":"Human Activities","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006802","descriptor_name":"Human Activities","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006802","descriptor_name":"Human Activities","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010363","descriptor_name":"Pattern Recognition, Automated","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012815","descriptor_name":"Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018670","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Ambulatory","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018670","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Ambulatory","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018670","descriptor_name":"Monitoring, Ambulatory","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jbhi.2015.2458274","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2015.2458274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2495854775","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","issn_l":"2168-2194","issn":["2168-2194","2168-2208"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:26208368","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26208368","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:generic.eprints.org:697454","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://publications.eng.cam.ac.uk/697454/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922847","display_name":"Cambridge University Engineering Department Publications Database","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3615965761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BES-2013-064825","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6384502615","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CSD2008-00010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321837","display_name":"Ministerio de Econom\u00eda y Competitividad","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9014458","https://openalex.org/W605692607","https://openalex.org/W1459599406","https://openalex.org/W1500292904","https://openalex.org/W1598741436","https://openalex.org/W1964840769","https://openalex.org/W1981475037","https://openalex.org/W1983705368","https://openalex.org/W2023302299","https://openalex.org/W2032802664","https://openalex.org/W2054780155","https://openalex.org/W2058711580","https://openalex.org/W2059732136","https://openalex.org/W2060951810","https://openalex.org/W2072959313","https://openalex.org/W2078299547","https://openalex.org/W2096680959","https://openalex.org/W2106996050","https://openalex.org/W2122567824","https://openalex.org/W2124367109","https://openalex.org/W2125628414","https://openalex.org/W2131496831","https://openalex.org/W2134305421","https://openalex.org/W2135018291","https://openalex.org/W2147738328","https://openalex.org/W2157010107","https://openalex.org/W2162592883","https://openalex.org/W2166618391","https://openalex.org/W2399355462","https://openalex.org/W2540822603","https://openalex.org/W2548149530","https://openalex.org/W3099188570","https://openalex.org/W6628785978","https://openalex.org/W6679959949","https://openalex.org/W6728817311"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W103069296","https://openalex.org/W2407375987","https://openalex.org/W3049691116","https://openalex.org/W2505726097","https://openalex.org/W2950975704","https://openalex.org/W2010643158","https://openalex.org/W2106867672","https://openalex.org/W4310268968","https://openalex.org/W4297815943","https://openalex.org/W2053745677"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,35,67,82],"consider":[1,154],"the":[2,32,42,45,62,70,120,123,132,162],"problem":[3],"of":[4,24,31,44,56,65,73,131,138,161],"daily":[5],"human":[6,74,163],"activity":[7],"recognition":[8],"(HAR)":[9],"using":[10],"multiple":[11],"wireless":[12],"inertial":[13],"sensors,":[14,25],"and":[15,86,98,135,157],"specifically,":[16],"HAR":[17,105],"systems":[18],"with":[19,61],"a":[20,52,77,114,129],"very":[21],"low":[22],"number":[23,64],"each":[26,91],"one":[27],"providing":[28],"an":[29,136,158],"estimation":[30],"performed":[33],"activities.":[34,164],"propose":[36],"new":[37],"Bayesian":[38],"models":[39,48,112,126,144,150],"to":[40,59,93],"combine":[41],"output":[43],"sensors.":[46,66,124],"The":[47],"are":[49],"based":[50],"on":[51],"soft":[53,155],"outputs":[54,156],"combination":[55,111,149],"individual":[57],"classifiers":[58,110,148],"deal":[60],"small":[63],"also":[68,145],"incorporate":[69],"dynamic":[71],"nature":[72],"activities":[75],"as":[76],"first-order":[78],"homogeneous":[79],"Markov":[80],"chain.":[81],"develop":[83],"both":[84],"inductive":[85],"transductive":[87],"inference":[88],"methods":[89],"for":[90],"model":[92],"be":[94],"employed":[95],"in":[96],"supervised":[97],"semisupervised":[99],"situations,":[100],"respectively.":[101],"Using":[102],"different":[103],"real":[104],"databases,":[106],"we":[107],"compare":[108],"our":[109],"against":[113,140],"single":[115],"classifier":[116],"that":[117,151],"employs":[118],"all":[119],"signals":[121],"from":[122],"Our":[125,143],"exhibit":[127],"consistently":[128],"reduction":[130],"error":[133],"rate":[134],"increase":[137],"robustness":[139],"sensor":[141],"failures.":[142],"outperform":[146],"other":[147],"do":[152],"not":[153],"Markovian":[159],"structure":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
