{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1893860111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwssip.2015.7314233","title":"How humans can help computers to solve an artificial problem?","display_name":"How humans can help computers to solve an artificial problem?","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1893860111","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwssip.2015.7314233","mag":"1893860111"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwssip.2015.7314233","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwssip.2015.7314233","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 International Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing (IWSSIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041129798","display_name":"Seyed Mohammad Reza Saadat Beheshti","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180825142","display_name":"City, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/04489at23","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I180825142"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Mohammad Reza Saadat Beheshti","raw_affiliation_strings":["City University, London, London, GB","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, City University London, Northampton Square, EC1V 0HB, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"City University, London, London, GB","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180825142"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, City University London, Northampton Square, EC1V 0HB, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180825142"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083852325","display_name":"Panos Liatsis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5490-6030"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180825142","display_name":"City, University of London","ror":"https://ror.org/04489at23","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I180825142"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Panos Liatsis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, City University London, London, UK","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, City University London, Northampton Square, EC1V 0HB, London, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, City University London, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180825142"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, City University London, Northampton Square, EC1V 0HB, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180825142"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041129798"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180825142"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5084,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86847312,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"321","issue":null,"first_page":"291","last_page":"294"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12607","display_name":"Personal Information Management and User Behavior","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/captcha","display_name":"CAPTCHA","score":0.9853091835975647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turing-test","display_name":"Turing test","score":0.9105823040008545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8407827615737915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scripting-language","display_name":"Scripting language","score":0.7587769031524658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turing","display_name":"Turing","score":0.527606725692749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.5231736302375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/order","display_name":"Order (exchange)","score":0.49892354011535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robot","display_name":"Robot","score":0.4789310395717621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.46735596656799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.4322871267795563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41782698035240173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.38597750663757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3698783814907074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.17503175139427185}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163339463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484598","display_name":"CAPTCHA","level":2,"score":0.9853091835975647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C577917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189223","display_name":"Turing test","level":2,"score":0.9105823040008545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8407827615737915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61423126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187432","display_name":"Scripting language","level":2,"score":0.7587769031524658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9870796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q490481","display_name":"Turing","level":2,"score":0.527606725692749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5231736302375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.49892354011535645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90509273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11012","display_name":"Robot","level":2,"score":0.4789310395717621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.46735596656799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.4322871267795563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41782698035240173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.38597750663757324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3698783814907074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.17503175139427185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwssip.2015.7314233","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwssip.2015.7314233","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 International Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing (IWSSIP)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7200000286102295,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1603565383","https://openalex.org/W1995171199","https://openalex.org/W2022710553","https://openalex.org/W2072410439"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312500010","https://openalex.org/W2313567600","https://openalex.org/W2086464669","https://openalex.org/W2965099444","https://openalex.org/W1999034556","https://openalex.org/W1998496804","https://openalex.org/W2910114670","https://openalex.org/W1991242267","https://openalex.org/W3144744384","https://openalex.org/W33990236"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"idea":[1],"of":[2,33,87,100,149,167,173],"using":[3],"CAPTCHA":[4,91],"(Completely":[5],"Automated":[6],"Public":[7],"Turing":[8],"Test":[9],"to":[10,17,45,63,80,116,155],"Tell":[11],"Computers":[12],"and":[13,108,122,136],"Humans":[14],"Apart)":[15],"was":[16],"protect":[18],"websites":[19,102],"from":[20],"attacks":[21],"initiated":[22],"by":[23,97],"the":[24,34,42,60,65,69,88,98,129,161,168,174],"automated":[25],"computer":[26,29,61,144],"scripts":[27],"or":[28,56],"robots":[30],"(bots).":[31],"One":[32],"most":[35,89,169],"important":[36,170],"issues":[37],"about":[38],"CAPTCHAs":[39],"is":[40,83,94,111],"that":[41,51],"test":[43,66],"has":[44],"be":[46,74],"designed":[47],"in":[48,114,134,153],"a":[49,141],"way":[50],"makes":[52],"it":[53,72],"too":[54],"hard":[55],"almost":[57],"impossible":[58],"for":[59,77,160],"programs":[62],"break":[64],"however,":[67],"at":[68],"same":[70],"time":[71],"should":[73],"fairly":[75],"easy":[76],"human":[78,151],"users":[79,152],"solve.":[81],"ReCAPTCHA":[82,110],"known":[84],"as":[85,104],"one":[86],"popular":[90],"models":[92],"which":[93],"being":[95,112],"used":[96,113],"majority":[99],"well-known":[101],"such":[103],"Yahoo!,":[105],"Google,":[106],"Facebook":[107],"etc.":[109],"order":[115,154],"help":[117],"digitizing":[118],"old":[119],"text":[120],"books":[121],"notes.":[123],"In":[124],"this":[125],"paper":[126],"we":[127],"investigate":[128],"algorithm":[130],"behind":[131],"reCAPTCHA":[132,175],"more":[133],"depth":[135],"find":[137],"out":[138],"how":[139],"basically":[140],"simple":[142],"script-based":[143],"program":[145],"can":[146],"get":[147],"use":[148],"real":[150],"solve":[156],"an":[157],"artificial":[158],"problem":[159],"machines.":[162],"We":[163],"also":[164],"review":[165],"some":[166],"security":[171],"accepts":[172],"model.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
