{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3191587252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc51323.2021.9498616","title":"A Novel GCN based Indoor Localization System with Multiple Access Points","display_name":"A Novel GCN based Indoor Localization System with Multiple Access Points","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3191587252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc51323.2021.9498616","mag":"3191587252"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwcmc51323.2021.9498616","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc51323.2021.9498616","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (IWCMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012106928","display_name":"Yanzan Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3131-1760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanzan Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Key laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Key laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008520767","display_name":"Qinggang Xie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinggang Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Key laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Key laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035154394","display_name":"Guangjin Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7385-2613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangjin Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Key laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Key laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019052479","display_name":"Shunqing Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5156-9235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shunqing Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Key laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Key laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084521046","display_name":"Shugong Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1905-6269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shugong Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Key laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute for Advanced Communication and Data Science, Key laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Optical Access Networks, Joint International Research Laboratory of Specialty Fiber Optics and Advanced Communication, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9153,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74123833,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"9","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7687422037124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.6221607327461243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5906265377998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.545899510383606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilayer-perceptron","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","score":0.5324574112892151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5150808691978455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48456183075904846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-strength","display_name":"Signal strength","score":0.4700447618961334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4374251961708069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","score":0.4329655170440674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fingerprint-recognition","display_name":"Fingerprint recognition","score":0.41626936197280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.26770704984664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.16424843668937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09793394804000854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.09284111857414246}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7687422037124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.6221607327461243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5906265377998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.545899510383606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179717631","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991667","display_name":"Multilayer perceptron","level":3,"score":0.5324574112892151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5150808691978455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48456183075904846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176808163","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105794","display_name":"Signal strength","level":3,"score":0.4700447618961334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4374251961708069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777826928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3745713","display_name":"Fingerprint (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4329655170440674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168406668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178022","display_name":"Fingerprint recognition","level":3,"score":0.41626936197280884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.26770704984664917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.16424843668937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09793394804000854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.09284111857414246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwcmc51323.2021.9498616","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc51323.2021.9498616","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing (IWCMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6800000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1345106061","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8e\u57fa\u5e26-\u5c04\u9891\u8054\u5408\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4ee3\u65e0\u7ebf\u901a\u4fe1\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61871262","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3268789355","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61901251","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4291265164","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61904101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5166249177","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"20JC1416400","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6650064338","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u975e\u5e73\u7a33\u73af\u5883\u7684\u9ad8\u80fd\u6548\u65e0\u7ebf\u4f20\u8f93\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"62071284","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7333944134","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62071284,61871262,61901251,61904101","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8071106521","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019YFE0196600","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320701","display_name":"Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/015p9va32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","ror":"https://ror.org/03kt66j61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1580077142","https://openalex.org/W1630879738","https://openalex.org/W2047152596","https://openalex.org/W2105855010","https://openalex.org/W2124375045","https://openalex.org/W2560836718","https://openalex.org/W2735031100","https://openalex.org/W2737886025","https://openalex.org/W2753866421","https://openalex.org/W2760476698","https://openalex.org/W2770011080","https://openalex.org/W2785787327","https://openalex.org/W2804729752","https://openalex.org/W2890051265","https://openalex.org/W2907492528","https://openalex.org/W2929457212","https://openalex.org/W2941009020","https://openalex.org/W2947053252","https://openalex.org/W2959914300","https://openalex.org/W2964015378","https://openalex.org/W2964321699","https://openalex.org/W2972355358","https://openalex.org/W2989393306","https://openalex.org/W3006873389","https://openalex.org/W4210257598","https://openalex.org/W6720006811","https://openalex.org/W6726873649"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3014822659","https://openalex.org/W4389371618","https://openalex.org/W2117826006","https://openalex.org/W4362496757","https://openalex.org/W2566091814","https://openalex.org/W2114937328","https://openalex.org/W4312797710","https://openalex.org/W2148654711","https://openalex.org/W2608025327","https://openalex.org/W2151673354"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,9,41,60,63,81,97,100,123,126,142,150],"rapid":[2],"development":[3],"of":[4,104,128,144],"indoor":[5,25],"location-based":[6],"services":[7],"(LBSs),":[8],"demand":[10],"for":[11,70],"accurate":[12],"localization":[13,26],"keeps":[14],"growing":[15],"as":[16,45],"well.":[17],"To":[18],"meet":[19],"this":[20],"demand,":[21],"we":[22],"propose":[23],"an":[24],"algorithm":[27],"based":[28],"on":[29],"graph":[30,61],"convolutional":[31],"network":[32],"(GCN).":[33],"We":[34],"first":[35],"model":[36],"access":[37],"points":[38],"(APs)":[39],"and":[40,48,62,73,90,113,118,131,137,147,159,168],"relationships":[42],"between":[43],"them":[44],"a":[46,87],"graph,":[47],"utilize":[49],"received":[50],"signal":[51],"strength":[52],"indication":[53],"(RSSI)":[54],"to":[55,135],"make":[56],"up":[57,134],"fingerprints.":[58],"Then":[59],"fingerprint":[64],"will":[65],"be":[66],"put":[67],"into":[68],"GCN":[69],"feature":[71],"extraction,":[72],"get":[74],"classification":[75],"by":[76,111],"multilayer":[77],"perceptron":[78],"(MLP).":[79],"In":[80,96,122],"end,":[82],"experiments":[83],"are":[84,133,166],"performed":[85],"under":[86],"2D":[88,98],"scenario":[89,92],"3D":[91,124],"with":[93,116],"floor":[94],"prediction.":[95],"scenario,":[99,125],"mean":[101,151,163],"distance":[102,152,164],"error":[103,153],"GCN-based":[105],"method":[106],"is":[107,154],"11m,":[108],"which":[109,156],"improves":[110],"7m":[112],"13m":[114],"compare":[115],"DNN-based":[117,158],"CNN-based":[119,160],"schemes":[120],"respectively.":[121,139,170],"accuracy":[127],"predicting":[129,145],"buildings":[130,148],"floors":[132,146],"99.73%":[136],"93.43%":[138],"Moreover,":[140],"in":[141],"case":[143],"correctly,":[149],"13m,":[155],"outperforms":[157],"schemes,":[161],"whose":[162],"errors":[165],"34m":[167],"26m":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
