{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2889085820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc.2018.8450468","title":"Towards a Streaming Approach to the Mitigation of Covert Timing Channels","display_name":"Towards a Streaming Approach to the Mitigation of Covert Timing Channels","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2889085820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc.2018.8450468","mag":"2889085820"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwcmc.2018.8450468","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc.2018.8450468","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 14th International Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091723521","display_name":"Omar Darwish","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8346-7148"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Omar Darwish","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008695053","display_name":"Ala Al\u2010Fuqaha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0903-1204"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141649380","display_name":"Western Michigan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j198w64","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ala Al-Fuqaha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085226559","display_name":"Ghassen Ben Brahim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8883-1244"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138564716","display_name":"Prince Mohammad bin Fahd University","ror":"https://ror.org/03d64na34","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138564716"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghassen Ben Brahim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, Prince Mohammad University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, Prince Mohammad University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138564716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046333998","display_name":"Ilyes Jenhani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5758-7664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138564716","display_name":"Prince Mohammad bin Fahd University","ror":"https://ror.org/03d64na34","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138564716"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilyes Jenhani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, Prince Mohammad University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, Prince Mohammad University, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138564716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083182384","display_name":"Muhammad Anan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9479-4985"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134359838","display_name":"Alfaisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cdrtq48","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134359838"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Anan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Engineering, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134359838"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5091723521"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141649380"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3385,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68670769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"255","last_page":"260"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.8145755529403687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7688162326812744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert-channel","display_name":"Covert channel","score":0.6437169313430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5930889844894409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.5922834277153015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5432530641555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5400939583778381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.47839462757110596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.341633141040802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2663869261741638}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.8145755529403687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7688162326812744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29024540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476964","display_name":"Covert channel","level":5,"score":0.6437169313430786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5930889844894409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.5922834277153015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5432530641555786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5400939583778381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.47839462757110596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.341633141040802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2663869261741638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103377522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493999","display_name":"Security information and event management","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwcmc.2018.8450468","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc.2018.8450468","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 14th International Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04847925v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-04847925","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922398","display_name":"SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2018 14th International Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), IEEE, pp.255-260, 2018, ⟨10.1109/IWCMC.2018.8450468⟩","raw_type":"Proceedings"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1607588094","https://openalex.org/W1654127184","https://openalex.org/W1981844530","https://openalex.org/W2010351326","https://openalex.org/W2060949882","https://openalex.org/W2098975392","https://openalex.org/W2116807588","https://openalex.org/W2117550587","https://openalex.org/W2132177566","https://openalex.org/W2151185692","https://openalex.org/W2152619462","https://openalex.org/W2161819186","https://openalex.org/W2164413344","https://openalex.org/W2165391761","https://openalex.org/W2171690178","https://openalex.org/W2183879809","https://openalex.org/W2184893350","https://openalex.org/W2520880423","https://openalex.org/W2613970414","https://openalex.org/W2738114525","https://openalex.org/W6645866696","https://openalex.org/W6683735408","https://openalex.org/W6993024055"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2409612194","https://openalex.org/W4224042389","https://openalex.org/W174282171","https://openalex.org/W20460883","https://openalex.org/W1587013156","https://openalex.org/W2137811827","https://openalex.org/W4392755040","https://openalex.org/W4239080508","https://openalex.org/W2326198059","https://openalex.org/W4319780484"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Leaking":[0],"data":[1],"using":[2],"covert":[3,64,71,150],"timing":[4,65,72],"channels":[5,18,73],"is":[6,143],"considered":[7],"as":[8],"a":[9,33,47,55,76,109,116],"critical":[10,35],"threat":[11],"in":[12],"network":[13],"communication.":[14],"These":[15],"type":[16],"of":[17,63,83,95,108],"use":[19],"the":[20,61,80,93,96,105,125,134,141],"time":[21],"between":[22,28,149],"inter-arrival":[23],"packets":[24],"to":[25,36,39,60,91,121,124,147],"pass":[26],"information":[27],"different":[29],"processes,":[30],"making":[31],"it":[32],"very":[34],"design":[37],"techniques":[38],"eliminate":[40],"and":[41,113,131,151],"mitigate":[42],"such":[43],"channels;":[44],"hence,":[45],"ensuring":[46],"more":[48],"secure":[49],"communication":[50],"environment.":[51],"This":[52],"paper":[53],"proposes":[54],"new":[56,68],"online":[57],"streaming":[58],"approach":[59,69],"mitigation":[62,98,138],"channels.":[66,153],"The":[67],"eliminates":[70],"while":[74],"having":[75],"little":[77],"impact":[78],"on":[79,115,133],"overall":[81],"Quality":[82],"Service":[84],"(QoS).":[85],"A":[86],"classification-based":[87],"strategy":[88],"was":[89],"used":[90],"test":[92],"performance":[94],"proposed":[97],"model.":[99],"In":[100],"fact,":[101],"we":[102],"showed":[103],"that":[104,140],"classification":[106],"accuracy":[107],"classifier":[110,127,142],"model":[111,128],"trained":[112,130],"tested":[114,132],"mitigated":[117],"flow":[118,136],"fell":[119],"down":[120],"50%":[122],"compared":[123],"same":[126,135],"when":[129],"before":[137],"indicating":[139],"no":[144],"longer":[145],"able":[146],"distinguish":[148],"overt":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}