{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2524243534","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc.2016.7577098","title":"An evaluation of low power wide area network technologies for the Internet of Things","display_name":"An evaluation of low power wide area network technologies for the Internet of Things","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2524243534","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc.2016.7577098","mag":"2524243534"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwcmc.2016.7577098","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc.2016.7577098","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030123297","display_name":"Keith Nolan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7974-4253"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131781684","display_name":"Intel (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02r5scg33","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131781684","https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Keith E. Nolan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Labs Europe, Intel, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Labs Europe, Intel, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131781684"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026628455","display_name":"Wael Guib\u00e8ne","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131781684","display_name":"Intel (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02r5scg33","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131781684","https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wael Guibene","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Labs Europe, Intel, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Labs Europe, Intel, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131781684"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087760431","display_name":"Mark Kelly","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I131781684","display_name":"Intel (Ireland)","ror":"https://ror.org/02r5scg33","country_code":"IE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131781684","https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Y. Kelly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Labs Europe, Intel, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Labs Europe, Intel, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131781684"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030123297"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I131781684"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":20.4579,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":215,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99564535,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"439","last_page":"444"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6531203985214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.5667277574539185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.49390655755996704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.48298966884613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.4789503216743469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4732658863067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.44711771607398987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phy","display_name":"PHY","score":0.4234943687915802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3573826551437378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.26124846935272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.1787099540233612}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6531203985214233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5667277574539185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.49390655755996704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.48298966884613037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.4789503216743469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4732658863067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.44711771607398987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41918916","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"PHY","level":4,"score":0.4234943687915802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3573826551437378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.26124846935272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.1787099540233612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwcmc.2016.7577098","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwcmc.2016.7577098","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2027281287","https://openalex.org/W2031926216","https://openalex.org/W2068849277","https://openalex.org/W2105103777","https://openalex.org/W2156860647","https://openalex.org/W2234639732","https://openalex.org/W2521425361","https://openalex.org/W6689456376"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2994999158","https://openalex.org/W2945523224","https://openalex.org/W4313639042","https://openalex.org/W2444418218","https://openalex.org/W4241709719","https://openalex.org/W1488909492","https://openalex.org/W2727597159","https://openalex.org/W2103723486","https://openalex.org/W4234133302","https://openalex.org/W2774037455"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,94,116],"explore":[1,120],"the":[2,5,19,70,79,147],"state":[3],"of":[4,21,54,100,133,149],"art":[6],"in":[7,52,78,98,123],"solutions":[8,66,97],"for":[9,26],"low":[10],"power":[11],"wide":[12],"area":[13,132],"(LPWA)":[14],"networks":[15,30],"and":[16,24,48,69,104,139,166],"technologies":[17,76],"serving":[18],"Internet":[20],"Things":[22],"(IoT)":[23],"Connectivity":[25],"Everything":[27],"markets.":[28],"These":[29],"are":[31],"forecast":[32],"to":[33,36,45,119],"capture":[34],"up":[35,44],"55%":[37],"market":[38],"share":[39],"using":[40],"battery-powered":[41],"devices":[42],"operating":[43,152],"10":[46],"years":[47],"link":[49,158,185],"distances":[50],"measured":[51],"tens":[53],"kilometers.":[55],"In":[56],"this":[57,183],"paper,":[58],"we":[59,170],"survey":[60,95],"two":[61],"LPWA":[62,163],"technologies;":[63],"ultra-narrow":[64],"band":[65],"by":[67,73],"SigFox":[68],"LoRa":[71],"technology":[72,151],"Semtech.":[74],"Both":[75],"operate":[77],"licence-exempt":[80],"industrial,":[81],"scientific,":[82],"&":[83],"medical":[84],"(ISM)":[85],"bands":[86],"(EU":[87],"868":[88],"MHz":[89],"/":[90],"US":[91],"915":[92],"MHz).":[93],"both":[96],"terms":[99],"physical":[101],"layer":[102],"(PHY)":[103],"associated":[105],"medium":[106],"access":[107],"control":[108],"(MAC)":[109],"capabilities":[110],"from":[111,140],"an":[112],"end-to-end":[113],"system":[114],"viewpoint.":[115],"then":[117],"proceed":[118],"coverage":[121,131],"ranges":[122],"eastern":[124],"Ireland.We":[125],"present":[126],"results":[127,173],"indicating":[128],"a":[129,141,154,160,167,175],"potential":[130],"3,800":[134],"km":[135,156],"<sup":[136],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[137],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[138],"real-world":[142],"experimental":[143],"test":[144,157,165,184],"case":[145],"involving":[146],"use":[148],"SigFox's":[150],"over":[153,182],"25":[155,161],"between":[159],"mW":[162],"client":[164],"basestation.":[168],"Finally,":[169],"provide":[171],"example":[172],"demonstrating":[174],"received":[176],"SNR":[177],"consistently":[178],"exceeding":[179],"20":[180],"dB":[181],"distance.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":30},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-12T08:28:47.272897","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
