{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4282821833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwbf55382.2022.9794509","title":"Morphing Attack Potential","display_name":"Morphing Attack Potential","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4282821833","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwbf55382.2022.9794509"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwbf55382.2022.9794509","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwbf55382.2022.9794509","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 International Workshop on Biometrics and Forensics (IWBF)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11585/900933","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010414428","display_name":"Matteo Ferrara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4020-1419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matteo Ferrara","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bologna,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Cesena,Italy","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bologna,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Cesena,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028040068","display_name":"Annalisa Franco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6625-6442"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Annalisa Franco","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bologna,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Cesena,Italy","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bologna,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Cesena,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027196976","display_name":"Davide Maltoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6329-6756"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Davide Maltoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bologna,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Cesena,Italy","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bologna,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Cesena,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bologna, Cesena, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017716310","display_name":"Christoph Busch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9159-2923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Busch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU),Norwegian Biometrics Laboratory (NBL),Gj&#x00F8;vik,Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU),Norwegian Biometrics Laboratory (NBL),Gj&#x00F8;vik,Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8649,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94372655,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10828","display_name":"Biometric Identification and Security","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/morphing","display_name":"Morphing","score":0.9607354998588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7565469741821289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6409521698951721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.5884678959846497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.25006091594696045}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50637493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136781","display_name":"Morphing","level":2,"score":0.9607354998588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7565469741821289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6409521698951721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.5884678959846497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.25006091594696045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwbf55382.2022.9794509","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwbf55382.2022.9794509","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 International Workshop on Biometrics and Forensics (IWBF)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/900933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11585/900933","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/900933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11585/900933","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976230226","https://openalex.org/W2350871683","https://openalex.org/W2566951457","https://openalex.org/W2759430372","https://openalex.org/W3097243384","https://openalex.org/W3120023999"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W1679315481","https://openalex.org/W3151495635","https://openalex.org/W4385170164","https://openalex.org/W4236870338","https://openalex.org/W2016917053","https://openalex.org/W1580681114","https://openalex.org/W51472912","https://openalex.org/W4361020386","https://openalex.org/W4362722828"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"security":[1],"systems":[2],"the":[3,7,21,27,30,35,45,62,71,84,95],"risk":[4,73],"assessment":[5],"in":[6,24],"sense":[8],"of":[9,26,29,61],"common":[10],"criteria":[11],"testing":[12],"is":[13],"a":[14,89,98],"very":[15],"relevant":[16],"topic;":[17],"this":[18],"requires":[19],"quantifying":[20],"attack":[22,101],"potential":[23],"terms":[25],"expertise":[28],"attacker,":[31],"his":[32],"knowledge":[33],"about":[34],"target":[36],"and":[37],"access":[38],"to":[39,42],"equipment.":[40],"Contrary":[41],"those":[43],"attacks,":[44],"recently":[46],"revealed":[47],"morphing":[48,68,100],"attacks":[49],"against":[50],"Face":[51],"Recognition":[52],"Systems":[53],"(FRSs)":[54],"can":[55,93],"not":[56,66],"be":[57],"assessed":[58],"by":[59],"any":[60],"above":[63],"criteria.":[64],"But":[65],"all":[67],"techniques":[69],"pose":[70],"same":[72],"for":[74],"an":[75],"operational":[76],"face":[77],"recognition":[78],"system.":[79],"This":[80],"paper":[81],"introduces":[82],"with":[83],"Morphing":[85],"Attack":[86],"Potential":[87],"(MAP)":[88],"consistent":[90],"methodology,":[91],"that":[92],"quantify":[94],"risk,":[96],"which":[97],"certain":[99],"creates.":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
