{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2036561596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwbf.2013.6547304","title":"Analysis of the variability of facial landmarks in a forensic scenario","display_name":"Analysis of the variability of facial landmarks in a forensic scenario","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2036561596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwbf.2013.6547304","mag":"2036561596"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwbf.2013.6547304","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwbf.2013.6547304","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 International Workshop on Biometrics and Forensics (IWBF)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10486/663233","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058051350","display_name":"Rub\u00e9n Vera-Rodr\u00edguez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6338-8511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63634437","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/01cby8j38","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Vera-Rodriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Madrid, ES","Biometric Recognition Group-ATVS, Univ. Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Madrid, ES","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biometric Recognition Group-ATVS, Univ. Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102824829","display_name":"Pedro Tome","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5872-4173"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63634437","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/01cby8j38","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Tome","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biometric Recognition Group - ATVS, Escuela Politecnica Superior, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","Biometric Recognition Group-ATVS, Univ. Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biometric Recognition Group - ATVS, Escuela Politecnica Superior, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biometric Recognition Group-ATVS, Univ. Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068081385","display_name":"Juli\u00e1n Fi\u00e9rrez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6343-5656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63634437","display_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/01cby8j38","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Fierrez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Biometric Recognition Group - ATVS, Escuela Politecnica Superior, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","Biometric Recognition Group-ATVS, Univ. Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biometric Recognition Group - ATVS, Escuela Politecnica Superior, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Biometric Recognition Group-ATVS, Univ. Autonoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031395833","display_name":"Nicomedes Exposito","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802601399","display_name":"Guardia Civil","ror":"https://ror.org/02w3h2896","country_code":"ES","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802601399"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Exposito","raw_affiliation_strings":["Direcci\u00f3n General de la Guardia Civil - DGGC Madrid, Spain","Direccion Gen. de la Guardia Civil - DGGC Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Direcci\u00f3n General de la Guardia Civil - DGGC Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802601399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Direccion Gen. de la Guardia Civil - DGGC Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802601399"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059112300","display_name":"F. J. Vega","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802601399","display_name":"Guardia Civil","ror":"https://ror.org/02w3h2896","country_code":"ES","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802601399"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. J. Vega","raw_affiliation_strings":["Direcci\u00f3n General de la Guardia Civil - DGGC Madrid, Spain","Direccion Gen. de la Guardia Civil - DGGC Madrid, Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Direcci\u00f3n General de la Guardia Civil - DGGC Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802601399"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Direccion Gen. de la Guardia Civil - DGGC Madrid, Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802601399"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11448","display_name":"Face recognition and analysis","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10992","display_name":"Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11094","display_name":"Face Recognition and Perception","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chin","display_name":"Chin","score":0.8477299213409424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/face","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","score":0.6597815752029419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6308883428573608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5990071296691895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4991722106933594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/facial-expression","display_name":"Facial expression","score":0.470437228679657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3580814003944397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.18604132533073425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.11756539344787598}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779881321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82714","display_name":"Chin","level":2,"score":0.8477299213409424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.6597815752029419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6308883428573608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5990071296691895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4991722106933594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.470437228679657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3580814003944397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.18604132533073425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.11756539344787598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iwbf.2013.6547304","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iwbf.2013.6547304","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 International Workshop on Biometrics and Forensics (IWBF)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/663233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10486/663233","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400964","display_name":"Biblos-e Archivo (Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63634437","host_organization_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorio.uam.es:10486/663233","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10486/663233","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400964","display_name":"Biblos-e Archivo (Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63634437","host_organization_name":"Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63634437"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6399999856948853,"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1986772615","https://openalex.org/W2019598407","https://openalex.org/W2133131023","https://openalex.org/W2144653558","https://openalex.org/W2152826783","https://openalex.org/W4245011972"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3175651180","https://openalex.org/W3030539566","https://openalex.org/W2076310460","https://openalex.org/W4318914932","https://openalex.org/W4237251185","https://openalex.org/W4318914675","https://openalex.org/W4285061751","https://openalex.org/W1995132165","https://openalex.org/W3171414958","https://openalex.org/W4292184074"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,15,125],"paper":[1,126],"reports":[2],"an":[3],"study":[4],"of":[5,8,59,156,161,171,195,202],"the":[6,23,26,30,39,48,66,70,81,84,91,94,98,112,118,128,133,140,153,157,162,175,178,186,188,192,196],"variability":[7,16,44,131,172,203],"facial":[9,107,129],"landmarks":[10,31,108,150,176,189],"in":[11,28,102,152,191],"a":[12,56,122,168,199],"forensic":[13,123],"scenario.":[14],"is":[17],"affected":[18],"by":[19,69,121],"two":[20],"factors:":[21],"on":[22,38],"one":[24],"hand,":[25],"precision":[27],"which":[29],"are":[32,75,109],"tagged":[33,116],"(manually":[34],"or":[35],"automatically),":[36],"and":[37,83,97,111,137,145,165,183],"other":[40,43],"hand":[41],"some":[42],"factors":[45],"such":[46],"as":[47],"pose,":[49],"expression,":[50],"occlusions,":[51],"etc.":[52],"For":[53],"this":[54],"study,":[55],"mugshot":[57],"database":[58,113],"50":[60],"persons":[61,82],"has":[62],"been":[63],"collected":[64],"following":[65],"procedure":[67,119],"used":[68],"Spanish":[71],"Guardia":[72],"Civil.":[73],"Mugshots":[74],"taken":[76],"with":[77],"three":[78,134],"distances":[79,135],"between":[80],"camera":[85],"(3,":[86],"2,":[87],"1":[88],"meters)":[89],"showing":[90],"full":[92],"body,":[93],"upper":[95],"body":[96],"face":[99,158,180,197],"respectively,":[100],"obtaining":[101],"total":[103],"1200":[104],"images.":[105],"21":[106],"defined":[110],"was":[114],"manually":[115],"imitating":[117],"followed":[120],"examiner.":[124],"analyses":[127],"landmarking":[130],"for":[132,143,204],"considered,":[136],"also":[138],"considering":[139],"differences":[141],"obtained":[142],"male":[144],"female.":[146],"Results":[147],"show":[148],"that":[149],"located":[151,177],"outer":[154,193],"part":[155,194],"(highest":[159],"end":[160],"head,":[163],"ears":[164],"chin)":[166],"present":[167,198],"higher":[169,200],"level":[170,201],"compared":[173,206],"to":[174,207],"inner":[179],"(eye":[181],"region,":[182],"nose).":[184],"Regarding":[185],"gender,":[187],"placed":[190],"women":[205],"men.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-23T08:03:31.855105","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
