{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4205169715","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ivworkshops54471.2021.9669212","title":"ADS-B Attack Classification using Machine Learning Techniques","display_name":"ADS-B Attack Classification using Machine Learning Techniques","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4205169715","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ivworkshops54471.2021.9669212"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ivworkshops54471.2021.9669212","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ivworkshops54471.2021.9669212","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium Workshops (IV Workshops)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064664293","display_name":"Thabet Kacem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3656-9525"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174612323","display_name":"University of the District of Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/037wegn60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174612323"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thabet Kacem","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174612323"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057130731","display_name":"Ayd\u0131n Kaya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6175-7769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106245021","display_name":"\u00c7ankaya University","ror":"https://ror.org/056wqre19","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106245021"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aydin Kaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["computer engineering, Cankaya University, Ankara, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"computer engineering, Cankaya University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106245021"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035975333","display_name":"Ali Seydi Ke\u00e7eli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6531-8464"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106245021","display_name":"\u00c7ankaya University","ror":"https://ror.org/056wqre19","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106245021"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Seydi Keceli","raw_affiliation_strings":["computer engineering, Cankaya University, Ankara, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"computer engineering, Cankaya University, Ankara, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106245021"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038073619","display_name":"Cagatay Catal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0959-2930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cagatay Catal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072047571","display_name":"Duminda Wijsekera","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duminda Wijsekera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cyber Security Engineering, George Mason University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cyber Security Engineering, George Mason University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080860698","display_name":"Paulo Costa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8280-1551"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paulo Costa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Systems Engineering, George Mason University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems Engineering, George Mason University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"7","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9904000163078308,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7451180815696716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.681235134601593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.6119822263717651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.580746591091156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5270143747329712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5098280310630798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4843786656856537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.4479151666164398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.4179063141345978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39387714862823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13685017824172974}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7451180815696716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.681235134601593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.6119822263717651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.580746591091156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5270143747329712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5098280310630798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4843786656856537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.4479151666164398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.4179063141345978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39387714862823486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13685017824172974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ivworkshops54471.2021.9669212","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ivworkshops54471.2021.9669212","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium Workshops (IV Workshops)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:qspace.qu.edu.qa:10576/36789","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10576/36789","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400014","display_name":"Qatar University QSpace (Qatar University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","host_organization_name":"Qatar University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515073590","https://openalex.org/W2089255914","https://openalex.org/W2342408547","https://openalex.org/W2564304774","https://openalex.org/W2766151182","https://openalex.org/W2769446719","https://openalex.org/W2793075929","https://openalex.org/W2904167472","https://openalex.org/W2969954411","https://openalex.org/W2972974329","https://openalex.org/W3165417815","https://openalex.org/W4288319993","https://openalex.org/W6630729764","https://openalex.org/W6764639209"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4396689146","https://openalex.org/W4200112873","https://openalex.org/W2955796858","https://openalex.org/W2004826645","https://openalex.org/W4366990902","https://openalex.org/W4317732970","https://openalex.org/W4388550696","https://openalex.org/W4224922629","https://openalex.org/W4321636153","https://openalex.org/W4313289487"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automatic":[0],"Dependent":[1],"Surveillance":[2],"Broadcast":[3],"(ADS-B)":[4],"is":[5,56,74,123],"one":[6],"of":[7,71,88,93,96,116,194,230,278],"the":[8,72,84,94,114,130,139,144,161,217,228,231,236],"most":[9],"prominent":[10],"protocols":[11],"in":[12,29,83,276],"Air":[13],"Traffic":[14],"Control":[15],"(ATC).":[16],"Its":[17],"key":[18],"advantages":[19],"derive":[20],"from":[21,254,262],"using":[22,198,250],"GPS":[23],"as":[24,124],"a":[25,57,68,186,222,251],"location":[26,31],"provider,":[27],"resulting":[28],"better":[30,137],"accuracy":[32],"while":[33],"offering":[34],"substantially":[35],"lower":[36],"deployment":[37],"and":[38,133,210,242,281],"operational":[39],"costs":[40],"when":[41],"compared":[42],"to":[43,60,77,103,107,113,136,166,189,256],"traditional":[44,237],"radar":[45,52,63],"technologies.":[46],"ADS-B":[47,118,158,196,232,260],"not":[48,178,234],"only":[49],"can":[50],"enhance":[51],"coverage":[53],"but":[54],"also":[55],"standalone":[58],"solution":[59],"areas":[61],"without":[62],"coverage.":[64],"Despite":[65],"these":[66,121],"advantages,":[67],"wider":[69],"adoption":[70],"technology":[73],"limited":[75],"due":[76],"security":[78,131],"vulnerabilities,":[79],"which":[80],"are":[81],"rooted":[82],"protocol\u2019s":[85],"open":[86],"broadcast":[87],"clear-text":[89],"messages.":[90],"In":[91,111,181],"spite":[92],"seriousness":[95],"such":[97,109],"concerns,":[98],"very":[99,152],"few":[100,162],"researchers":[101],"attempted":[102,165],"propose":[104,185],"viable":[105],"approaches":[106,163],"address":[108],"vulnerabilities.":[110],"addition":[112],"importance":[115],"detecting":[117],"attacks,":[119],"classifying":[120,157,195],"attacks":[122,197,233,261],"important":[125],"since":[126],"it":[127,220],"will":[128],"enable":[129],"experts":[132],"ATC":[134],"controllers":[135],"understand":[138],"attack":[140],"vector":[141],"thus":[142],"enhancing":[143],"future":[145],"protection":[146],"mechanisms.":[147],"Unfortunately,":[148],"there":[149],"have":[150],"been":[151],"little":[153],"research":[154],"on":[155,227],"automatically":[156],"attacks.":[159],"Even":[160],"that":[164,219,258,269],"do":[167],"so":[168],"considered":[169],"just":[170,235],"two":[171],"classification":[172,224],"categories,":[173],"i.e.":[174],"malicious":[175,179],"message":[176],"vs":[177],"message.":[180],"this":[182],"paper,":[183],"we":[184,246],"new":[187],"module":[188,215],"our":[190,244],"ADS-Bsec":[191],"framework":[192],"capable":[193],"advanced":[199],"machine":[200,270],"learning":[201],"techniques":[202],"including":[203],"Support":[204],"Vector":[205],"Machines":[206],"(SVM),":[207],"Decision":[208],"Tree,":[209],"Random":[211],"Forest":[212],"(RF).":[213],"Our":[214,265],"has":[216],"advantage":[218],"adopts":[221],"multi-class":[223],"approach":[225],"based":[226],"nature":[229],"2category":[238],"classifiers.":[239],"To":[240],"illustrate":[241],"evaluate":[243],"ideas,":[245],"designed":[247],"several":[248],"experiments":[249],"flight":[252],"dataset":[253],"Lisbon":[255],"Paris":[257],"includes":[259],"three":[263],"categories.":[264],"experimental":[266],"results":[267],"demonstrated":[268],"learningbased":[271],"models":[272],"provide":[273],"high":[274],"performance":[275],"terms":[277],"accuracy,":[279],"sensitivity,":[280],"specificity":[282],"metrics.":[283]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
