{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2103880099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ivs.2014.6856503","title":"A prediction-based reactive driving strategy for highly automated driving function on freeways","display_name":"A prediction-based reactive driving strategy for highly automated driving function on freeways","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2103880099","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ivs.2014.6856503","mag":"2103880099"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ivs.2014.6856503","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ivs.2014.6856503","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048958278","display_name":"Mohammad Bahram","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283382300","display_name":"BMW (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05vs9tj88","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156768","display_name":"BMW Group (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/044kkbh92","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Bahram","raw_affiliation_strings":["BMW Group Research and Technology, D-80992 Munich, Germany",", BMW Group Research and Technology, Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BMW Group Research and Technology, D-80992 Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", BMW Group Research and Technology, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048720394","display_name":"A. Wolf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4368-9202"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283382300","display_name":"BMW (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05vs9tj88","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156768","display_name":"BMW Group (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/044kkbh92","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anton Wolf","raw_affiliation_strings":["BMW Group Research and Technology, D-80992 Munich, Germany",", BMW Group Research and Technology, Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BMW Group Research and Technology, D-80992 Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", BMW Group Research and Technology, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080471614","display_name":"Michael Aeberhard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156768","display_name":"BMW Group (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/044kkbh92","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283382300","display_name":"BMW (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05vs9tj88","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Aeberhard","raw_affiliation_strings":["BMW Group Research and Technology, D-80992 Munich, Germany",", BMW Group Research and Technology, Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BMW Group Research and Technology, D-80992 Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", BMW Group Research and Technology, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061769472","display_name":"Dirk Wollherr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2810-6790"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dirk Wollherr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technische Universitat Munchen, Munchen, Bayern, DE","Inst. of Autom. Control Eng., Tech. Univ. Munchen, Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technische Universitat Munchen, Munchen, Bayern, DE","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Autom. Control Eng., Tech. Univ. Munchen, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5048958278"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283382300","https://openalex.org/I4210156768"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.0123,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96718821,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"400","last_page":"406"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.7194280624389648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.7068299055099487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.6601248979568481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6332991123199463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discretization","display_name":"Discretization","score":0.5677940845489502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.5539558529853821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5365025997161865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.49093082547187805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39765194058418274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3694608211517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.28794240951538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.1765407919883728}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.7194280624389648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.7068299055099487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6601248979568481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6332991123199463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73000952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007827","display_name":"Discretization","level":2,"score":0.5677940845489502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5539558529853821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5365025997161865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.49093082547187805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39765194058418274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3694608211517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.28794240951538086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.1765407919883728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ivs.2014.6856503","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ivs.2014.6856503","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium Proceedings","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1249625","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/1249625","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196330","display_name":"mediaTUM  (Technical University of Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"ConferencePaper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W603729728","https://openalex.org/W751039893","https://openalex.org/W1496687288","https://openalex.org/W1512383952","https://openalex.org/W1561941139","https://openalex.org/W1968004977","https://openalex.org/W1973748529","https://openalex.org/W1983948265","https://openalex.org/W1987796992","https://openalex.org/W2008814617","https://openalex.org/W2054469884","https://openalex.org/W2055207897","https://openalex.org/W2108511252","https://openalex.org/W2111901564","https://openalex.org/W2120581524","https://openalex.org/W2121806728","https://openalex.org/W2154844948","https://openalex.org/W2165258106","https://openalex.org/W2181526120","https://openalex.org/W2213594914","https://openalex.org/W2239112658","https://openalex.org/W2406067508","https://openalex.org/W2760981468","https://openalex.org/W2761814512","https://openalex.org/W2949205176","https://openalex.org/W3145128584","https://openalex.org/W3212743282","https://openalex.org/W4246130745","https://openalex.org/W4246219036","https://openalex.org/W4293682399"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W2379533788","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4224009465","https://openalex.org/W4286629047","https://openalex.org/W2365088826","https://openalex.org/W2963260880","https://openalex.org/W2477517397","https://openalex.org/W2383740498","https://openalex.org/W3154275865"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Highly":[0],"automated":[1],"driving":[2,31,79,88],"on":[3,15],"freeways":[4],"requires":[5],"a":[6,50,59,77,95,113],"complex":[7,87],"artificial":[8],"intelligence":[9],"that":[10,81],"makes":[11],"optimal":[12],"decisions":[13],"based":[14],"the":[16,24,46,56,68,72,83,102,126,129],"current":[17],"measurements":[18],"and":[19,42],"information.":[20],"The":[21,86,106],"architecture":[22],"of":[23,45,71,98,128],"decision-making":[25,37,107],"process,":[26],"hereinafter":[27],"referred":[28],"to":[29,53,66],"as":[30],"strategy,":[32],"should":[33,62],"allow":[34],"diversity":[35],"in":[36,55,134],"for":[38],"various":[39],"traffic":[40],"situations":[41],"modular":[43],"expandability":[44],"overall":[47],"intelligence.":[48],"Besides":[49],"reactive":[51],"response":[52],"changes":[54],"dynamic":[57],"environment,":[58],"deliberative":[60],"component":[61],"also":[63],"be":[64],"considered":[65],"incorporate":[67],"future":[69],"evolution":[70],"environment.":[73],"This":[74],"paper":[75],"presents":[76],"novel":[78],"strategy":[80],"meets":[82],"above":[84],"requirements.":[85],"task":[89],"is":[90,110,119,132],"discretized":[91],"by":[92,112],"organization":[93],"into":[94],"finite":[96],"set":[97],"\u201cbehavioral":[99],"strategies\u201d":[100],"through":[101],"developed":[103],"\u201cdecision":[104],"network\u201d.":[105],"process":[108],"itself":[109],"realized":[111],"nonlinear":[114],"model":[115],"predictive":[116],"approach":[117,131],"which":[118],"solved":[120],"using":[121],"combinatorial":[122],"optimization":[123],"formulation.":[124],"Lastly,":[125],"capability":[127],"proposed":[130],"demonstrated":[133],"two":[135],"freeway":[136],"situations.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}