{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400645232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iv55156.2024.10588511","title":"Zero-Knowledge Proof of Distinct Identity: a Standard-compatible Sybil-resistant Pseudonym Extension for C-ITS","display_name":"Zero-Knowledge Proof of Distinct Identity: a Standard-compatible Sybil-resistant Pseudonym Extension for C-ITS","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400645232","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iv55156.2024.10588511"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iv55156.2024.10588511","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iv55156.2024.10588511","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101911400","display_name":"Ye Tao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1236-1343"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tokyo,Graduate School of Information Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tokyo,Graduate School of Information Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101816294","display_name":"Hongyi Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6112-9313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyi Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Queensland,School of Mathematics and Physics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Queensland,School of Mathematics and Physics","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080705403","display_name":"Ehsan Javanmardi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0337-115X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehsan Javanmardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tokyo,Graduate School of Information Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tokyo,Graduate School of Information Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067716610","display_name":"Manabu Tsukada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8045-3939"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manabu Tsukada","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tokyo,Graduate School of Information Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tokyo,Graduate School of Information Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052106822","display_name":"Hiroshi Esaki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5657-9216"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroshi Esaki","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Tokyo,Graduate School of Information Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Tokyo,Graduate School of Information Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1828","last_page":"1835"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10927","display_name":"Access Control and Trust","score":0.9704999923706055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10927","display_name":"Access Control and Trust","score":0.9704999923706055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.916100025177002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10679","display_name":"Service-Oriented Architecture and Web Services","score":0.902899980545044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudonym","display_name":"Pseudonym","score":0.9207711219787598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extension","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","score":0.7070579528808594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero-knowledge-proof","display_name":"Zero-knowledge proof","score":0.6334230899810791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5139951109886169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identity","display_name":"Identity (music)","score":0.5052865147590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zero","display_name":"Zero (linguistics)","score":0.4951137602329254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.32408997416496277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3025764226913452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17561566829681396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.11878040432929993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.11487030982971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.11428767442703247}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776021475","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61002","display_name":"Pseudonym","level":2,"score":0.9207711219787598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778029271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","level":2,"score":0.7070579528808594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176329583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191943","display_name":"Zero-knowledge proof","level":3,"score":0.6334230899810791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5139951109886169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778355321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17079427","display_name":"Identity (music)","level":2,"score":0.5052865147590637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780813799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3274237","display_name":"Zero (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4951137602329254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.32408997416496277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3025764226913452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17561566829681396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.11878040432929993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.11487030982971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.11428767442703247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27206212","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34178","display_name":"Theology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iv55156.2024.10588511","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iv55156.2024.10588511","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335839","display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/016bgq349"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4180724","https://openalex.org/W287184503","https://openalex.org/W1520914943","https://openalex.org/W1970606468","https://openalex.org/W2004814164","https://openalex.org/W2027274379","https://openalex.org/W2051250911","https://openalex.org/W2074286801","https://openalex.org/W2156545963","https://openalex.org/W2496543269","https://openalex.org/W2609459414","https://openalex.org/W2977481974","https://openalex.org/W2997804494","https://openalex.org/W3021675777","https://openalex.org/W3022553798","https://openalex.org/W3024797253","https://openalex.org/W3198185738","https://openalex.org/W4206499949","https://openalex.org/W4226137596","https://openalex.org/W4233607861","https://openalex.org/W4285130138","https://openalex.org/W4306801498","https://openalex.org/W4323966523","https://openalex.org/W4372311414","https://openalex.org/W4389776525","https://openalex.org/W4391768463","https://openalex.org/W6610385879","https://openalex.org/W6628297953","https://openalex.org/W6846386025","https://openalex.org/W6904133034"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312703968","https://openalex.org/W4238485385","https://openalex.org/W3040655580","https://openalex.org/W4237288550","https://openalex.org/W2006481680","https://openalex.org/W2253886097","https://openalex.org/W3194823921","https://openalex.org/W4242436769","https://openalex.org/W2044980128","https://openalex.org/W2952570804"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pseudonyms":[0],"are":[1],"widely":[2],"used":[3],"in":[4,71,140],"Cooperative":[5],"Intelligent":[6],"Transport":[7],"Systems":[8],"(C-ITS)":[9],"to":[10,33,60],"protect":[11],"the":[12,18,38,66,72,84,107,132],"location":[13],"privacy":[14],"of":[15,21,52,68,135],"vehicles.":[16],"However,":[17],"unlinkability":[19],"nature":[20],"pseudonyms":[22],"also":[23,130],"enables":[24],"Sybil":[25],"attacks,":[26],"where":[27],"a":[28,46,58,110,141],"malicious":[29],"vehicle":[30,59],"can":[31],"pretend":[32],"be":[34],"multiple":[35],"vehicles":[36],"at":[37],"same":[39],"time.":[40],"In":[41],"this":[42],"paper,":[43],"we":[44],"propose":[45],"novel":[47],"protocol":[48],"called":[49],"zero-knowledge":[50],"Proof":[51],"Distinct":[53],"Identity":[54],"(zk-PoDI,)":[55],"which":[56],"allows":[57],"prove":[61],"that":[62,103],"it":[63,116],"is":[64,81],"not":[65,91],"owner":[67],"another":[69],"pseudonym":[70,96,113],"local":[73],"area,":[74],"without":[75],"revealing":[76],"its":[77],"actual":[78],"identity.":[79],"Zk-PoDI":[80],"based":[82],"on":[83,93],"Diophantine":[85],"equation":[86],"and":[87,89,115,125,137],"zk-SNARK,":[88],"does":[90],"rely":[92],"any":[94],"specific":[95],"design":[97],"or":[98],"infrastructure":[99],"assistance.":[100],"We":[101,129],"show":[102],"zk-PoDI":[104,139],"satisfies":[105],"all":[106],"requirements":[108],"for":[109],"practical":[111],"Sybil-resistance":[112],"system,":[114],"has":[117],"low":[118],"latency,":[119],"adjustable":[120],"difficulty,":[121],"moderate":[122],"computation":[123],"overhead,":[124],"negligible":[126],"communication":[127],"cost.":[128],"discuss":[131],"future":[133],"work":[134],"implementing":[136],"evaluating":[138],"realistic":[142],"city-scale":[143],"simulation":[144],"environment.":[145]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
