{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3120263807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iv47402.2020.9304541","title":"Realistic Single-Shot and Long-Term Collision Risk for a Human-Style Safer Driving","display_name":"Realistic Single-Shot and Long-Term Collision Risk for a Human-Style Safer Driving","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3120263807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iv47402.2020.9304541","mag":"3120263807"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iv47402.2020.9304541","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iv47402.2020.9304541","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011261199","display_name":"Lingguang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3833-9803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingguang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Measurement and Control Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Measurement and Control Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074130831","display_name":"Carlos Fernandez Lopez","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Fernandez Lopez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Measurement and Control Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Measurement and Control Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091574711","display_name":"Christoph Stiller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4165-2075"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Stiller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Measurement and Control Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Measurement and Control Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1596,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78298946,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2073","last_page":"2080"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9898999929428101,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9821000099182129,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7254207134246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.6257255673408508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/term","display_name":"Term (time)","score":0.6152091026306152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safer","display_name":"SAFER","score":0.6101179718971252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5954394936561584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision-avoidance","display_name":"Collision avoidance","score":0.5826448202133179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.5697182416915894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planner","display_name":"Planner","score":0.5026490688323975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision","display_name":"Collision","score":0.4893040359020233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shot","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","score":0.457923024892807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.45179909467697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.44506925344467163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.40686383843421936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.363192617893219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3577410578727722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.34705761075019836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.1761038601398468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15038573741912842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14430809020996094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7254207134246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.6257255673408508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61797465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1188986","display_name":"Term (time)","level":2,"score":0.6152091026306152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776654903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2601463","display_name":"SAFER","level":2,"score":0.6101179718971252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5954394936561584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780864053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5147495","display_name":"Collision avoidance","level":3,"score":0.5826448202133179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.5697182416915894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776999362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2349274","display_name":"Planner","level":2,"score":0.5026490688323975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121704057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352070","display_name":"Collision","level":2,"score":0.4893040359020233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778344882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278938","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","level":2,"score":0.457923024892807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.45179909467697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.44506925344467163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.40686383843421936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.363192617893219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3577410578727722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.34705761075019836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1761038601398468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15038573741912842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14430809020996094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iv47402.2020.9304541","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iv47402.2020.9304541","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1563955540","https://openalex.org/W2016151598","https://openalex.org/W2097545165","https://openalex.org/W2107338474","https://openalex.org/W2119862366","https://openalex.org/W2121863487","https://openalex.org/W2151910862","https://openalex.org/W2167695003","https://openalex.org/W2400186919","https://openalex.org/W2540641548","https://openalex.org/W2563313883","https://openalex.org/W2749747771","https://openalex.org/W2769450345","https://openalex.org/W2772194428","https://openalex.org/W2891365044","https://openalex.org/W2896642734","https://openalex.org/W2905509562","https://openalex.org/W2968044973","https://openalex.org/W2971024589","https://openalex.org/W4297781990","https://openalex.org/W6746269675"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953205341","https://openalex.org/W235065745","https://openalex.org/W2029935773","https://openalex.org/W2787754950","https://openalex.org/W1572215850","https://openalex.org/W1985775355","https://openalex.org/W2352115286","https://openalex.org/W1819938260","https://openalex.org/W2340892746","https://openalex.org/W3005999311"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Navigation":[0],"in":[1,37,49,70,86,95,148,175],"congested":[2],"environments":[3],"is":[4,119,168],"a":[5,26,171],"challenge":[6],"for":[7],"autonomous":[8],"vehicles":[9],"and":[10,43,66,76,117,154,163],"they":[11],"should":[12],"consider":[13],"collision":[14],"risk":[15,35,58,68,133,158],"metric":[16],"into":[17],"their":[18],"driving":[19,185],"behavior.":[20],"In":[21,165],"this":[22],"paper,":[23],"we":[24],"propose":[25],"novel":[27],"two-fold":[28],"indicator:":[29],"On":[30,53],"the":[31,44,47,50,54,60,63,87,123,129,180],"one":[32,135],"hand,":[33,56],"single-shot":[34,130],"works":[36],"space":[38],"domain,":[39],"considering":[40],"geometries,":[41],"locations":[42],"velocities":[45],"of":[46,62,122],"obstacles":[48],"current":[51,64],"scene.":[52],"other":[55,157],"long-term":[57,88],"considers":[59],"evolution":[61],"scene":[65,124],"provides":[67],"values":[69],"time":[71],"domain.":[72],"The":[73,144],"map":[74],"information":[75],"different":[77],"prediction":[78,125],"models":[79],"(e.g.":[80],"reachable":[81],"sets,":[82],"probabilistic)":[83],"are":[84,146],"considered":[85],"risk,":[89],"which":[90],"can":[91,104],"then":[92],"be":[93,105],"used":[94],"trajectory":[96,173],"planning":[97],"or":[98],"decision":[99],"making":[100],"approaches.":[101],"Our":[102],"method":[103],"applied":[106,169],"to":[107,170,177],"scenarios":[108,150],"with":[109,134,156],"arbitrary":[110],"road":[111],"topologies":[112],"(intersections,":[113],"roundabouts,":[114],"highway,":[115],"etc.)":[116],"it":[118,167],"suitable":[120],"regardless":[121],"method.":[126],"We":[127],"formulate":[128],"(or":[131],"short-term)":[132],"single":[136],"function":[137],"fitted":[138],"using":[139,151],"Monte":[140],"Carlo":[141],"(MC)":[142],"Simulations.":[143],"results":[145],"evaluated":[147],"real":[149],"HighD":[152],"dataset":[153],"compared":[155],"indicators":[159],"such":[160],"as":[161],"THW":[162],"TTC.":[164],"addition,":[166],"simple":[172],"planner":[174],"order":[176],"demonstrate":[178],"that":[179],"proposed":[181],"approach":[182],"imitates":[183],"human":[184],"style.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
