{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7136741988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc60802.2025.11423192","title":"Intersection Trajectory Planning: Modeling and Solution Algorithm Design Based on Petri Nets and Deep Reinforcement Learning","display_name":"Intersection Trajectory Planning: Modeling and Solution Algorithm Design Based on Petri Nets and Deep Reinforcement Learning","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7136741988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc60802.2025.11423192"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc60802.2025.11423192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc60802.2025.11423192","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 28th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043003070","display_name":"Yu Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4091-9275"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Chang'an University,Xi'an,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Chang'an University,Xi'an,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129449492","display_name":"Xinyu Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinyu Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Chang'an University,Xi'an,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Chang'an University,Xi'an,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129549945","display_name":"Chen Mu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Mu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Chang'an University,Xi'an,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Chang'an University,Xi'an,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014273166","display_name":"Haijing Ning","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7252-7029"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haijing Ning","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Chang'an University,Xi'an,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Chang'an University,Xi'an,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125991636","display_name":"Shumei Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shumei Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Chang'an University,Xi'an,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Chang'an University,Xi'an,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129396493","display_name":"Yisheng An","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25355098","display_name":"Chang'an University","ror":"https://ror.org/05mxya461","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yisheng An","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Engineering, Chang'an University,Xi'an,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Engineering, Chang'an University,Xi'an,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25355098"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1256","last_page":"1261"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.2013999968767166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.2013999968767166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.18289999663829803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.09040000289678574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.6381000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.5968000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/petri-net","display_name":"Petri net","score":0.4618000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.36559998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.3637999892234802}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.6381000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.5968000292778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5613999962806702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38677869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q724168","display_name":"Petri net","level":2,"score":0.4618000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.375900000333786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.36559998989105225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.3637999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.32760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.3059000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.25699999928474426}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc60802.2025.11423192","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc60802.2025.11423192","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 28th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6389457792","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"52172325,52272330,62301082","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8575734142","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"3001022422","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329878","funder_display_name":"Central University Basic Research Fund of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329878","display_name":"Central University Basic Research Fund of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966605965","https://openalex.org/W2001834277","https://openalex.org/W2137514195","https://openalex.org/W2296589564","https://openalex.org/W2765862824","https://openalex.org/W2805498560","https://openalex.org/W2921392100","https://openalex.org/W3133968425","https://openalex.org/W3136201123","https://openalex.org/W4285024875","https://openalex.org/W4321483908","https://openalex.org/W4385486402","https://openalex.org/W4389766362","https://openalex.org/W4393946538","https://openalex.org/W4405054800","https://openalex.org/W4408468206","https://openalex.org/W7124178530"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Efficient":[0],"collaborative":[1,68],"control":[2,69],"of":[3,28,38],"signal-free":[4],"intersections":[5,72],"is":[6,79,90,110,134],"a":[7,67,82,98,104,113],"major":[8],"challenge":[9],"faced":[10],"by":[11],"intelligent":[12],"transportation":[13],"systems,":[14],"with":[15,62],"the":[16,23,36,93,124,130,144,156],"core":[17],"issue":[18],"being":[19],"how":[20],"to":[21,122,151],"improve":[22],"safety":[24],"and":[25,30,42,81,117,153],"traffic":[26],"efficiency":[27,161],"connected":[29],"automated":[31,149],"vehicles":[32,150],"(CAVs).":[33],"To":[34],"address":[35],"bottleneck":[37],"high":[39],"model":[40,70,85,116],"complexity":[41],"computational":[43,160],"overhead":[44],"in":[45],"existing":[46],"trajectory":[47],"planning":[48],"methods,":[49],"this":[50],"paper":[51],"proposes":[52],"an":[53],"innovative":[54],"framework,":[55],"P2DT,":[56],"which":[57],"combines":[58],"Petri":[59,83],"net":[60,84],"theory":[61],"deep":[63],"reinforcement":[64],"learning.":[65],"First,":[66],"for":[71,136],"based":[73,86],"on":[74,87],"mixed-integer":[75],"nonlinear":[76],"programming":[77],"(MINLP)":[78],"established,":[80],"intersection":[88],"structure":[89],"designed,":[91],"reformulating":[92],"resource":[94],"allocation":[95],"problem":[96],"as":[97],"Markov":[99],"Decision":[100],"Process":[101],"(MDP).":[102],"Second,":[103],"Petri-Graph":[105],"Neural":[106],"Network":[107],"(PGNN)":[108],"architecture":[109],"proposed,":[111],"developing":[112],"resource-operation":[114],"relationship":[115],"utilizing":[118],"graph":[119],"embedding":[120],"techniques":[121],"capture":[123],"interaction":[125],"features":[126],"between":[127],"vehicles.":[128],"Additionally,":[129],"Deep":[131],"Q-Networks":[132],"(DQN)":[133],"employed":[135],"dynamic":[137],"decision":[138],"optimization.":[139],"Numerical":[140],"experiments":[141],"show":[142],"that":[143],"proposed":[145],"method":[146],"enables":[147],"all":[148],"safely":[152],"efficiently":[154],"cross":[155],"intersection,":[157],"significantly":[158],"improving":[159],"while":[162],"achieving":[163],"satisfactory":[164],"solutions.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2026-03-17T00:00:00"}