{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7136206791","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc60802.2025.11423182","title":"V2XFormer: A Multi-Stage Transformer for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in V2X-Enabled Traffic Signal Control","display_name":"V2XFormer: A Multi-Stage Transformer for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in V2X-Enabled Traffic Signal Control","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7136206791","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc60802.2025.11423182"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc60802.2025.11423182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc60802.2025.11423182","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 28th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100354631","display_name":"Yang Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0883-8233"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifeng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066626181","display_name":"Ping Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1359-6328"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ping Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129513895","display_name":"Weiyi He","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiyi He","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore,Department of Civil Engineering,Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore,Department of Civil Engineering,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5129504296","display_name":"Yilin Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I918919364","display_name":"Switch","ror":"https://ror.org/02yw51758","country_code":"CH","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I918919364"]}],"countries":["CH","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yilin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216","https://openalex.org/I918919364"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047617538","display_name":"Mingfeng Fan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingfeng Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069667034","display_name":"Guillaume Sartoretti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7579-9916"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guillaume Sartoretti","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore,Department of Mechanical Engineering,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2686","last_page":"2693"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.7621999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.7621999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.03709999844431877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10462","display_name":"Reinforcement Learning in Robotics","score":0.02500000037252903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5123999714851379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.44190001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.38029998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-system","display_name":"Control system","score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.3312000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.30559998750686646}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5123999714851379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.44190001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.38029998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.3734999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.35409998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3312000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.30559998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.3050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.28040000796318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107464732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235781","display_name":"Adaptive control","level":3,"score":0.2574000060558319}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc60802.2025.11423182","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc60802.2025.11423182","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE 28th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3971635649","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"I21001E0002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316262","funder_display_name":"Duke-NUS Medical School"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307791","display_name":"Cisco Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/03yt1ez60"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316262","display_name":"Duke-NUS Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/02j1m6098"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320696","display_name":"Agency for Science, Technology and Research","ror":"https://ror.org/036wvzt09"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007894170","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2747213132","https://openalex.org/W2811198925","https://openalex.org/W2903709398","https://openalex.org/W2915117209","https://openalex.org/W2964749398","https://openalex.org/W2983178256","https://openalex.org/W2988973041","https://openalex.org/W3044015199","https://openalex.org/W3091194253","https://openalex.org/W3096739060","https://openalex.org/W4206867326","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385767260","https://openalex.org/W4389544891","https://openalex.org/W4392061588","https://openalex.org/W4393241349","https://openalex.org/W4398188072","https://openalex.org/W4408468232","https://openalex.org/W7124270508","https://openalex.org/W7125663278"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Connected":[0],"vehicles":[1],"(CVs),":[2],"enabled":[3],"by":[4,129],"vehicle-to-everything":[5],"(V2X)":[6],"communication,":[7],"provide":[8],"more":[9,171],"fine-grained":[10,162],"and":[11,31,34,67,76,80,85,115,118,145,165,173,198],"real-time":[12],"traffic":[13,22,49,83,191],"information,":[14],"offering":[15],"new":[16],"opportunities":[17],"to":[18,62,110,149,159,170],"enhance":[19,119],"network-wide":[20,190],"adaptive":[21,124],"signal":[23,87],"control":[24,88,91,175],"(ATSC).":[25],"However,":[26],"effectively":[27],"integrating":[28],"heterogeneous":[29],"CV":[30],"infrastructure":[32],"data,":[33],"leveraging":[35],"such":[36],"information":[37,109],"for":[38,89,205],"cooperative":[39,90,114],"ATSC":[40,207],"across":[41],"multiple":[42],"intersections":[43,68],"remain":[44],"critical":[45],"challenges":[46],"in":[47,92,189,208],"CV-enabled":[48,93,209],"environments.":[50,94,210],"To":[51],"address":[52],"this,":[53],"we":[54,100,136],"propose":[55],"V2XFormer,":[56],"a":[57,102,138],"multi-stage":[58],"Transformer":[59,104,140],"framework":[60],"designed":[61],"fuse":[63],"features":[64,112,148],"from":[65,113],"CVs":[66],"via":[69,122],"vehiclelevel":[70],"temporal":[71,107],"encoding,":[72],"lane-level":[73],"interaction":[74],"modeling,":[75,79],"intersection-level":[77,130],"coordination":[78],"jointly":[81],"optimize":[82],"prediction":[84],"MARL-based":[86],"Specifically,":[95],"at":[96],"the":[97,133],"lane":[98,163],"level,":[99,135],"design":[101,156],"dual-encoder":[103],"that":[105,141,182],"utilizes":[106],"vehicle":[108],"extract":[111],"competitive":[116],"lanes,":[117],"feature":[120],"aggregation":[121],"an":[123],"gated":[125],"fusion":[126],"mechanism":[127],"guided":[128],"context.":[131],"At":[132],"intersection":[134,147,167],"introduce":[137],"decoder-only":[139],"adaptively":[142],"integrates":[143],"local":[144],"neighboring":[146],"enable":[150],"broader":[151],"cross-intersection":[152],"coordination.":[153],"This":[154],"hierarchical":[155],"allows":[157],"V2XFormer":[158],"capture":[160],"both":[161],"interactions":[164],"high-level":[166],"dependencies,":[168],"leading":[169],"consistent":[172],"stable":[174],"policies":[176],"over":[177],"time.":[178],"Experimental":[179],"results":[180],"show":[181],"our":[183],"method":[184],"consistently":[185],"outperforms":[186],"various":[187],"baselines":[188],"optimization,":[192],"with":[193],"notable":[194],"improvements":[195],"under":[196],"high-demand":[197],"complex":[199],"shared-lane":[200],"scenarios,":[201],"highlighting":[202],"its":[203],"effectiveness":[204],"large-scale":[206]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2026-03-17T00:00:00"}
