{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408697035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc58415.2024.10920051","title":"Optimization of Heavy Haul Train Speed Profiles Under Discrete Notches and Nonlinear Braking Forces","display_name":"Optimization of Heavy Haul Train Speed Profiles Under Discrete Notches and Nonlinear Braking Forces","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408697035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc58415.2024.10920051"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc58415.2024.10920051","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc58415.2024.10920051","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE 27th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015455705","display_name":"Zhiyuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6752-0794"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing,China,100044"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing,China,100044","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100615324","display_name":"Hongwei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5713-3988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongwei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing,China,100044"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing,China,100044","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101507173","display_name":"Xi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4186-4935"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Automation and Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing,China,100044"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Automation and Intelligence, Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing,China,100044","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019364340","display_name":"Jun Jin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-0279"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135994","display_name":"China Railway Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03za3eq42","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135994"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["China State Railway Group Co., Ltd.,Beijing,China,100848"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China State Railway Group Co., Ltd.,Beijing,China,100848","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135994"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002350139","display_name":"Zhipeng Ying","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141966","display_name":"China Academy of Railway Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/051wv2j09","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141966"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhipeng Ying","raw_affiliation_strings":["Signals and Communication Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing,China,100081"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Signals and Communication Research Institute, China Academy of Railway Sciences,Beijing,China,100081","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210141966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101964689","display_name":"Pengfei Ning","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengfei Ning","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Jiaotong University,State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation,Beijing,P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Jiaotong University,State Key Laboratory of Advanced Rail Autonomous Operation,Beijing,P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5015455705"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28793299,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2780","last_page":"2785"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10842","display_name":"Railway Engineering and Dynamics","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10842","display_name":"Railway Engineering and Dynamics","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11568","display_name":"Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency","score":0.9837999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14446","display_name":"Civil and Geotechnical Engineering Research","score":0.9542999863624573,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2200","display_name":"General Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.6198023557662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5123370885848999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-braking","display_name":"Dynamic braking","score":0.46353936195373535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.4169026017189026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.36140021681785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2533593475818634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23312735557556152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brake","display_name":"Brake","score":0.0945722758769989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07641172409057617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.6198023557662964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5123370885848999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158549904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155327","display_name":"Dynamic braking","level":3,"score":0.46353936195373535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.4169026017189026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.36140021681785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2533593475818634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23312735557556152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780999251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17022503","display_name":"Brake","level":2,"score":0.0945722758769989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07641172409057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc58415.2024.10920051","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc58415.2024.10920051","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE 27th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4866030806","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2368204,62073024","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1852135537","https://openalex.org/W1853065930","https://openalex.org/W1985398892","https://openalex.org/W1994869600","https://openalex.org/W2070392617","https://openalex.org/W2564261634","https://openalex.org/W2886157770","https://openalex.org/W2886186992","https://openalex.org/W3173493645","https://openalex.org/W3198167525","https://openalex.org/W4200230398","https://openalex.org/W4220878726","https://openalex.org/W4306161142","https://openalex.org/W4390263794"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2381908800","https://openalex.org/W2248543912","https://openalex.org/W2390665423","https://openalex.org/W2056433253","https://openalex.org/W3086776355","https://openalex.org/W2014583833","https://openalex.org/W4294760796","https://openalex.org/W4242557133","https://openalex.org/W1977581222"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,30,85],"the":[2,27,32,44,48,55,87,92,121,133,159,163,166],"large":[3],"mass":[4],"of":[5,34,47,58,96,109,165],"heavy":[6,35,49,59],"haul":[7,50,60],"trains,":[8],"operating":[9],"on":[10,16,99],"downhill":[11,100],"sections":[12],"poses":[13],"significant":[14],"challenges":[15],"train":[17,37,61,98],"control.":[18],"Drivers":[19],"must":[20],"perform":[21],"air":[22,93],"braking":[23,69,94,111,117],"and":[24,40,67,82,90,127],"releasing":[25],"at":[26],"appropriate":[28],"times":[29],"prevent":[31],"movement":[33],"hual":[36],"from":[38,158],"decoupling":[39],"derailment.":[41],"To":[42,119],"promote":[43],"smooth":[45],"operation":[46],"train,":[51],"this":[52],"research":[53],"investigates":[54],"optimization":[56,72],"problem":[57,135,147],"speed":[62,81],"profiles":[63],"under":[64],"discrete":[65,107],"notches":[66,108],"nolinear":[68],"forces.":[70],"An":[71],"model":[73,103],"is":[74,148],"first":[75],"established":[76],"considering":[77],"constraints":[78],"such":[79],"as":[80],"air-refilling":[83],"time":[84,95],"maximize":[86],"running":[88],"distance":[89],"minimize":[91],"a":[97,115,137,152],"sections.":[101],"This":[102],"takes":[104],"into":[105,136],"account":[106],"electric":[110],"force,":[112],"each":[113],"with":[114],"nonlinear":[116],"profile.":[118],"linearize":[120],"model,":[122],"piecewise":[123],"approximation":[124],"(PWA)":[125],"function":[126],"auxiliary":[128],"variables":[129],"are":[130],"introduced,":[131],"transforming":[132],"original":[134],"mixed":[138],"integer":[139],"linear":[140],"programming":[141],"(MILP)":[142],"problem.":[143],"The":[144],"proposed":[145,167],"MILP":[146],"then":[149],"solved":[150],"using":[151,155],"solver.":[153],"Simulations":[154],"actual":[156],"data":[157],"Shuohuang":[160],"Railway":[161],"illustrate":[162],"effectiveness":[164],"methods.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-28T23:10:05.387466","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}