{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391770610","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc57777.2023.10422296","title":"A General DRL-Based Framework Using Mode-Selection Tangent Time Projection for Mixed On-Ramp Merging","display_name":"A General DRL-Based Framework Using Mode-Selection Tangent Time Projection for Mixed On-Ramp Merging","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391770610","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc57777.2023.10422296"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc57777.2023.10422296","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc57777.2023.10422296","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 26th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031011018","display_name":"Linhui Ye","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4380-7766"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linhui Ye","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wisconsin-Madison,Department of Civil and Environment Engineering,Madison,USA","Department of Civil and Environment Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin-Madison,Department of Civil and Environment Engineering,Madison,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environment Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102616706","display_name":"Zoutao Wen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zoutao Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing,China","Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Sciences, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100377391","display_name":"Hailong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5065-1993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135714990","display_name":"North University of China","ror":"https://ror.org/047bp1713","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hailong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, North University of China,Taiyuan,China","School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, North University of China,Taiyuan,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135714990"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060394098","display_name":"Bin Ran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5464-0930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Ran","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wisconsin-Madison,Department of Civil and Environment Engineering,Madison,USA","Department of Civil and Environment Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin-Madison,Department of Civil and Environment Engineering,Madison,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environment Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3207","last_page":"3214"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11749","display_name":"Iterative Learning Control Systems","score":0.9699000120162964,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11749","display_name":"Iterative Learning Control Systems","score":0.9699000120162964,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12782","display_name":"Assembly Line Balancing Optimization","score":0.9164999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13644","display_name":"Control Systems in Engineering","score":0.9072999954223633,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.7550883889198303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6725245714187622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tangent","display_name":"Tangent","score":0.6685963273048401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","score":0.6531757116317749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.5883891582489014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.30900171399116516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3011522591114044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2625902593135834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.14031553268432617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.06055614352226257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.7550883889198303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6725245714187622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138187205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131251","display_name":"Tangent","level":2,"score":0.6685963273048401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.6531757116317749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.5883891582489014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.30900171399116516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3011522591114044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2625902593135834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.14031553268432617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.06055614352226257}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc57777.2023.10422296","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc57777.2023.10422296","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 26th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W638455739","https://openalex.org/W1771410628","https://openalex.org/W1965455100","https://openalex.org/W2014847204","https://openalex.org/W2018846421","https://openalex.org/W2077051712","https://openalex.org/W2096326441","https://openalex.org/W2145339207","https://openalex.org/W2508448572","https://openalex.org/W2509583637","https://openalex.org/W2736601468","https://openalex.org/W2752236613","https://openalex.org/W2964336994","https://openalex.org/W2989964169","https://openalex.org/W2990063943","https://openalex.org/W3023373481","https://openalex.org/W3048206271","https://openalex.org/W3090303220","https://openalex.org/W3102270594","https://openalex.org/W3120438425","https://openalex.org/W3120837765","https://openalex.org/W3138181334","https://openalex.org/W3193464862","https://openalex.org/W3207577175","https://openalex.org/W3208191353","https://openalex.org/W4298857966","https://openalex.org/W4313525867","https://openalex.org/W6637967152","https://openalex.org/W6755921573","https://openalex.org/W6922480057"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2544423928","https://openalex.org/W2053286651","https://openalex.org/W2181743346","https://openalex.org/W2187401768","https://openalex.org/W2181413294","https://openalex.org/W2052122378","https://openalex.org/W4205762803","https://openalex.org/W1788667622"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Safety":[0],"and":[1,23,72,79,109,122,145],"efficiency":[2,24],"are":[3,103],"essential":[4],"factors":[5],"in":[6,117,156],"the":[7,26,36,56,61,67,76,98,110,127,132,135,140,146,154,157],"on-ramp":[8,147,158],"merging":[9,77,159],"scenario.":[10,160],"In":[11,39],"a":[12,44,81,114],"mixed-autonomy":[13],"traffic,":[14],"different":[15,89,118,123],"queuing":[16,59],"methods":[17],"can":[18],"greatly":[19,152],"affect":[20],"both":[21],"safety":[22],"of":[25,30,70,94],"whole":[27],"network,":[28],"effect":[29],"which":[31],"has":[32,113],"been":[33],"neglected":[34],"by":[35,143,150],"model-free":[37],"method.":[38],"this":[40],"paper,":[41],"we":[42],"propose":[43],"general":[45],"DRL-based":[46],"framework":[47,112,138],"called":[48],"Mode-Selection":[49,85],"Tangent":[50,62],"Time":[51,63],"Projection(MS-Ttp).":[52],"By":[53],"comparing":[54],"to":[55,75,96],"classical":[57],"spatial":[58],"method,":[60],"Projection":[64],"method":[65],"considers":[66],"instantaneous":[68],"velocity":[69,142],"vehicles":[71,95],"their":[73],"distances":[74],"point,":[78],"makes":[80],"preliminary":[82],"ranking.":[83],"The":[84],"Adaptive":[86],"Layer":[87],"forms":[88],"modes":[90],"through":[91],"several":[92],"combination":[93],"optimize":[97],"time":[99,149],"headway.":[100],"Extensive":[101],"experiments":[102],"performed":[104],"using":[105],"SUMO":[106],"simulation":[107],"platform,":[108],"proposed":[111,136],"better":[115],"performance":[116],"flow":[119],"rate":[120],"ratios":[121],"penetration":[124],"rates":[125],"than":[126],"state-of-the-art":[128],"baselines.":[129],"Comparing":[130],"with":[131],"IDM":[133],"model,":[134],"MS-TTP":[137],"optimizes":[139],"average":[141],"74.80%":[144],"waiting":[148],"25.13%,":[151],"alleviate":[153],"congestion":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}