{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3208839781","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc48978.2021.9564534","title":"The Dial-A-Ride Problem considering the in-vehicle crowding inconvenience due to COVID-19","display_name":"The Dial-A-Ride Problem considering the in-vehicle crowding inconvenience due to COVID-19","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3208839781","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc48978.2021.9564534","mag":"3208839781"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc48978.2021.9564534","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc48978.2021.9564534","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/files/268158248/The_Dial_A_Ride_Problem_considering_the_in_vehicle_crowding_inconvenience_due_to_COVID_19.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090082938","display_name":"Konstantinos Gkiotsalitis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3009-1527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Gkiotsalitis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Twente (Center for Transport Studies), Enschede, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Twente (Center for Transport Studies), Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090082938"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1851,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5069223,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3746","last_page":"3751"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12306","display_name":"Urban and Freight Transport Logistics","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowding","display_name":"Crowding","score":0.8726911544799805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-transport","display_name":"Public transport","score":0.6213071346282959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5727290511131287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piecewise-linear-function","display_name":"Piecewise linear function","score":0.5548965930938721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5405025482177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5358653664588928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowds","display_name":"Crowds","score":0.46896234154701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-programming","display_name":"Linear programming","score":0.4682890772819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.3136780261993408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2069256603717804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1887800693511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.15943670272827148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.11500021815299988}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149333683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5189188","display_name":"Crowding","level":2,"score":0.8726911544799805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539828613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178512","display_name":"Public transport","level":2,"score":0.6213071346282959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5727290511131287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17095337","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2375229","display_name":"Piecewise linear function","level":2,"score":0.5548965930938721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5405025482177734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5358653664588928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777852691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13430821","display_name":"Crowds","level":2,"score":0.46896234154701233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41045048","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202843","display_name":"Linear programming","level":2,"score":0.4682890772819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.3136780261993408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2069256603717804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1887800693511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.15943670272827148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11500021815299988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc48978.2021.9564534","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc48978.2021.9564534","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:publications/c5d22925-7036-4e27-8a20-01ccac64f8eb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/c5d22925-7036-4e27-8a20-01ccac64f8eb","pdf_url":"https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/files/268158248/The_Dial_A_Ride_Problem_considering_the_in_vehicle_crowding_inconvenience_due_to_COVID_19.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:publications/c5d22925-7036-4e27-8a20-01ccac64f8eb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/c5d22925-7036-4e27-8a20-01ccac64f8eb","pdf_url":"https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/files/268158248/The_Dial_A_Ride_Problem_considering_the_in_vehicle_crowding_inconvenience_due_to_COVID_19.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3208839781.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3208839781.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1505124952","https://openalex.org/W1582644925","https://openalex.org/W1980402561","https://openalex.org/W1985290529","https://openalex.org/W1989604479","https://openalex.org/W2000924903","https://openalex.org/W2006538209","https://openalex.org/W2017383000","https://openalex.org/W2017893044","https://openalex.org/W2034288630","https://openalex.org/W2051358678","https://openalex.org/W2056714603","https://openalex.org/W2062788425","https://openalex.org/W2062848345","https://openalex.org/W2082546575","https://openalex.org/W2091364465","https://openalex.org/W2121180493","https://openalex.org/W2136458540","https://openalex.org/W2297321613","https://openalex.org/W2500521937","https://openalex.org/W2554051341","https://openalex.org/W2792987450","https://openalex.org/W3017185871","https://openalex.org/W3037342341","https://openalex.org/W3040750541","https://openalex.org/W3111418508","https://openalex.org/W3111962817","https://openalex.org/W3133492777","https://openalex.org/W3134884955","https://openalex.org/W3149420857","https://openalex.org/W6786680977"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2903610088","https://openalex.org/W3173321515","https://openalex.org/W2369734084","https://openalex.org/W2007464938","https://openalex.org/W2784100870","https://openalex.org/W2354774539","https://openalex.org/W1972615387","https://openalex.org/W2111110449","https://openalex.org/W3123050985","https://openalex.org/W2064873618"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,150],"Dial-A-Ride":[1,61],"Problem":[2,62],"(DARP)":[3,63],"has":[4],"received":[5],"significant":[6],"attention":[7],"during":[8],"the":[9,13,59,67,73,76,91,96,102,107,111,122,141,146,185,188,196],"COVID-19":[10],"pandemic.":[11],"During":[12],"pandemic's":[14],"peak,":[15],"public":[16,29],"transport":[17,30],"ridership":[18],"was":[19],"reduced":[20],"up":[21],"to":[22,33,101,127,145,183,194],"90%":[23],"in":[24,38,106,176],"several":[25],"countries":[26],"and":[27,156,169],"many":[28],"users":[31],"had":[32],"seek":[34],"less":[35],"crowded":[36],"alternatives":[37,42],"DARP":[39,92,181],"services.":[40],"Such":[41],"are":[43],"flexible":[44],"modes":[45],"that":[46,93,139,163],"do":[47],"not":[48,65,79],"operate":[49],"on":[50],"fixed":[51],"lines":[52],"(i.e.,":[53],"on-demand":[54],"minibuses,":[55],"shared":[56],"vehicles).":[57],"However,":[58],"standard":[60],"does":[64],"consider":[66,117],"in-vehicle":[68,103,125,147,197],"crowding":[69,104,126,148],"as":[70,72,160],"long":[71],"capacity":[74],"of":[75,90,98,110,121,124,143,187],"vehicle":[77,189],"is":[78,133,153,158,174],"exceeded.":[80],"To":[81],"rectify":[82],"this,":[83],"this":[84],"study":[85],"proposes":[86],"a":[87,118,154,161],"new":[88],"formulation":[89],"considers":[94],"also":[95],"inconvenience":[97,142],"passengers":[99,144],"due":[100],"levels":[105],"objective":[108],"function":[109],"problem.":[112],"In":[113],"our":[114],"formulation,":[115],"we":[116],"progressive":[119],"penalization":[120],"increase":[123],"account":[128],"for":[129],"social":[130],"distancing.":[131],"This":[132,172],"modeled":[134],"with":[135,167,179],"piecewise":[136],"linear":[137,170],"functions":[138],"map":[140],"levels.":[149],"proposed":[151],"model":[152,173],"MINLP":[155],"it":[157],"reformulated":[159],"MILP":[162],"can":[164],"be":[165],"solved":[166],"branch-and-bound":[168],"programming.":[171],"implemented":[175],"numerical":[177],"experiments":[178],"benchmark":[180],"datasets":[182],"investigate":[184],"increases":[186],"route":[190],"costs":[191],"when":[192],"seeking":[193],"reduce":[195],"crowdedness.":[198]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-17T17:19:04.345684","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
