{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3118024036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc45102.2020.9294429","title":"Adaptive Design of Experiments for Accelerated Safety Evaluation of Automated Vehicles","display_name":"Adaptive Design of Experiments for Accelerated Safety Evaluation of Automated Vehicles","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3118024036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc45102.2020.9294429","mag":"3118024036"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc45102.2020.9294429","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc45102.2020.9294429","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062319704","display_name":"Jian Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5031-4938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103255470","display_name":"Huajun Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2998-4002"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huajun Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009177360","display_name":"He Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6074-9078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"He Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000881841","display_name":"Ye Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2225-7566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103765473","display_name":"Qinghui Ji","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159565","display_name":"SAIC Motor (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/051b9ta18","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159565"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinghui Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["SAIC MOTOR Corporation Limited, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SAIC MOTOR Corporation Limited, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159565"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3484,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79678457,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10848","display_name":"Advanced Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithms","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10928","display_name":"Probabilistic and Robust Engineering Design","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11798","display_name":"Optimal Experimental Design Methods","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surrogate-model","display_name":"Surrogate model","score":0.8290686011314392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7416515350341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5214354395866394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision","display_name":"Collision","score":0.43120288848876953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boosting","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","score":0.421661376953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.37488991022109985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3329434096813202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33259570598602295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11788284778594971}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131675550","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7646884","display_name":"Surrogate model","level":2,"score":0.8290686011314392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7416515350341797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5214354395866394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121704057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352070","display_name":"Collision","level":2,"score":0.43120288848876953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46686674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466303","display_name":"Boosting (machine learning)","level":2,"score":0.421661376953125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.37488991022109985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3329434096813202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33259570598602295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11788284778594971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc45102.2020.9294429","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc45102.2020.9294429","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2020 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321881","display_name":"Shanghai Municipal Education Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/05tewj457"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337504","display_name":"Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/027s68j25"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965455100","https://openalex.org/W2001842014","https://openalex.org/W2007535697","https://openalex.org/W2018044188","https://openalex.org/W2031295804","https://openalex.org/W2048711666","https://openalex.org/W2088990166","https://openalex.org/W2126270075","https://openalex.org/W2156411624","https://openalex.org/W2171993497","https://openalex.org/W2192203593","https://openalex.org/W2306644740","https://openalex.org/W2438413413","https://openalex.org/W2511072509","https://openalex.org/W2525936901","https://openalex.org/W2756659234","https://openalex.org/W2766734825","https://openalex.org/W2885911069","https://openalex.org/W2950277768","https://openalex.org/W3081274109","https://openalex.org/W4296927913","https://openalex.org/W6638209102"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2125652721","https://openalex.org/W1540371141","https://openalex.org/W4231274751","https://openalex.org/W1549363203","https://openalex.org/W2154063878","https://openalex.org/W2556012038","https://openalex.org/W1489772951","https://openalex.org/W1538046993","https://openalex.org/W3082059448","https://openalex.org/W4313640622"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automated":[0],"Vehicles":[1],"(AVs)":[2],"need":[3],"to":[4,10,21,40,58,72,130],"be":[5,73],"thoroughly":[6],"evaluated":[7],"in":[8,159],"order":[9],"ensure":[11],"their":[12],"driving":[13],"capabilities.":[14],"However,":[15],"comprehensive":[16],"evaluations":[17],"are":[18],"intractable":[19],"due":[20],"both":[22],"time":[23],"and":[24,55],"monetary":[25],"costs.":[26],"To":[27],"address":[28],"this":[29,47,99],"problem,":[30],"we":[31],"propose":[32],"an":[33],"Adaptive":[34],"Design":[35],"of":[36,44,62,80,87,98,142,150,164],"Experiments":[37],"(ADOE)":[38],"method":[39,136,155],"evaluate":[41],"the":[42,60,68,78,81,85,88,96,117,133,161],"safety":[43],"AVs.":[45,165],"For":[46],"method,":[48,101],"a":[49,92],"surrogate":[50,82,89,103,127],"model":[51,90,122],"is":[52,56,75],"established":[53],"iteratively":[54],"used":[57],"approximate":[59],"results":[61],"AV":[63],"testing.":[64],"During":[65],"each":[66],"iteration,":[67],"next":[69],"concrete":[70,143],"scenario":[71],"tested":[74],"selected":[76],"with":[77,107],"guidance":[79],"model.":[83],"Since":[84],"choice":[86],"has":[91,156],"profound":[93],"impact":[94],"on":[95,138],"performance":[97],"proposed":[100,134,154],"6":[102],"models":[104],"were":[105],"compared":[106],"two":[108],"logical":[109],"scenarios":[110],"at":[111],"different":[112],"scales.":[113],"Results":[114],"show":[115],"that":[116],"Extreme":[118],"Gradient":[119],"Boosting":[120],"(XGB)":[121],"stands":[123],"out":[124],"amongst":[125],"popular":[126],"models.":[128],"Compared":[129],"brute-force":[131],"enumeration,":[132],"ADOE":[135],"based":[137],"XGB":[139],"captured":[140],"94%":[141],"collision":[144],"cases":[145],"while":[146],"only":[147],"using":[148],"4.5%":[149],"computational":[151],"resources.":[152],"The":[153],"great":[157],"potential":[158],"accelerating":[160],"evaluation":[162],"process":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
