{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2990891629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2019.8917377","title":"Frog and Blade Based Branching Direction Detection in LiDAR Data","display_name":"Frog and Blade Based Branching Direction Detection in LiDAR Data","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2990891629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2019.8917377","mag":"2990891629"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc.2019.8917377","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2019.8917377","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074542345","display_name":"Ziming Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2962-6387"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ziming Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100636115","display_name":"Baigen Cai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6440-005X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baigen Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086858810","display_name":"Wei Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6381-4915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008189468","display_name":"Martin Lauer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4414-5722"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Lauer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Measurement and Control Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Measurement and Control Systems, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"2687","last_page":"2692"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10842","display_name":"Railway Engineering and Dynamics","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10842","display_name":"Railway Engineering and Dynamics","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9836999773979187,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12707","display_name":"Vehicle License Plate Recognition","score":0.9697999954223633,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/branching","display_name":"Branching (polymer chemistry)","score":0.6364859342575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/track","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","score":0.6332000494003296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.5328686237335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49326032400131226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.4724714457988739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blade","display_name":"Blade (archaeology)","score":0.4588066339492798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.4479415714740753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.40022408962249756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.34424513578414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2770846486091614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.2333429455757141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1535027027130127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.08468547463417053}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206175624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q595731","display_name":"Branching (polymer chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.6364859342575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89992363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5961558","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","level":2,"score":0.6332000494003296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.5328686237335205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49326032400131226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4724714457988739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776132848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045036","display_name":"Blade (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4588066339492798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.4479415714740753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.40022408962249756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.34424513578414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2770846486091614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.2333429455757141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1535027027130127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.08468547463417053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc.2019.8917377","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2019.8917377","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1550924404","https://openalex.org/W1973740568","https://openalex.org/W1995957864","https://openalex.org/W1996394041","https://openalex.org/W1998834014","https://openalex.org/W2041576219","https://openalex.org/W2054566720","https://openalex.org/W2063045209","https://openalex.org/W2073202476","https://openalex.org/W2102383783","https://openalex.org/W2117330144","https://openalex.org/W2146742159","https://openalex.org/W2236581167","https://openalex.org/W2316018670","https://openalex.org/W2510947840","https://openalex.org/W2588080234","https://openalex.org/W2894505259","https://openalex.org/W4241858965","https://openalex.org/W6649560732","https://openalex.org/W6689833661","https://openalex.org/W6755260179"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4319317934","https://openalex.org/W2901265155","https://openalex.org/W2956374172","https://openalex.org/W4319837668","https://openalex.org/W4308071650","https://openalex.org/W3188333020","https://openalex.org/W4281783339","https://openalex.org/W1964041166","https://openalex.org/W4390887692","https://openalex.org/W4221065211"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Train-borne":[0],"localization":[1],"plays":[2],"an":[3,78],"important":[4],"role":[5],"in":[6,122,169],"future":[7],"railway":[8,124],"applications":[9],"which":[10,35,109],"require":[11],"quick":[12],"track-selective":[13],"positioning.":[14],"In":[15],"this":[16],"paper,":[17],"a":[18,40,123,138,143],"branching":[19,101,111,132,155],"direction":[20,156],"detection":[21,67],"approach":[22,116,150],"based":[23,166],"on":[24,59],"frog":[25],"and":[26,53,72,89,100,142,158,171],"blade":[27,52],"is":[28,37,42,68,117],"presented":[29],"to":[30,85],"address":[31],"the":[32,48,51,54,57,69,86,90,97,110,131,148,154,162],"ambiguity":[33],"of":[34,50,56,140,145,153],"track":[36,66,73,99,106],"chosen":[38],"when":[39],"turnout":[41],"passed.":[43],"The":[44,93,115,127],"reference":[45],"positions":[46],"(i.e.":[47],"tip":[49,55],"frog)":[58],"turnouts":[60],"are":[61,75,103,113,134],"detected":[62,135],"as":[63,105],"well.":[64],"Since":[65],"prerequisite,":[70],"rail":[71,87],"sections":[74],"extracted":[76],"using":[77],"onboard":[79],"LiDAR":[80],"sensor":[81],"considering":[82],"features":[83],"related":[84],"profile":[88],"longitudinal":[91],"geometry.":[92],"relative":[94],"position":[95],"between":[96],"ego":[98],"tracks":[102],"considered":[104],"events,":[107],"from":[108],"directions":[112,133,173],"derived.":[114],"evaluated":[118],"with":[119,137],"datasets":[120],"collected":[121],"test":[125],"ground.":[126],"results":[128],"demonstrate":[129],"that":[130],"accurately":[136],"recall":[139],"97.6%":[141],"precision":[144],"98.8%.":[146],"Moreover,":[147],"proposed":[149],"makes":[151],"determination":[152],"22.4m":[157],"16.4m":[159],"earlier":[160],"than":[161],"frog-":[163],"or":[164],"blade-":[165],"one":[167],"does":[168],"facing":[170],"trailing":[172],"respectively.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
