{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2991081339","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2019.8916987","title":"Fast and Precise Visual Rear Axle Calibration","display_name":"Fast and Precise Visual Rear Axle Calibration","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2991081339","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2019.8916987","mag":"2991081339"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc.2019.8916987","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2019.8916987","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002543843","display_name":"Julius K\u00fcmmerle","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143379178","display_name":"FZI Research Center for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04kdh6x72","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143379178"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Julius Kummerle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Department \"Mobile Perception Systems\", FZI Research Center for Information Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Department \"Mobile Perception Systems\", FZI Research Center for Information Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143379178"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001180910","display_name":"Tilman K\u00fchner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143379178","display_name":"FZI Research Center for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04kdh6x72","country_code":"DE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143379178"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tilman Kuhner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Department \"Mobile Perception Systems\", FZI Research Center for Information Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Department \"Mobile Perception Systems\", FZI Research Center for Information Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143379178"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5002543843"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143379178"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2024,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55477286,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"3942","last_page":"3947"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10638","display_name":"Optical measurement and interference techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11583","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Metrology Techniques","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axle","display_name":"Axle","score":0.7515153288841248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.6383114457130432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6264210343360901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3648661971092224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34475165605545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.18576684594154358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.15732035040855408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.08402553200721741}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129727815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188209","display_name":"Axle","level":2,"score":0.7515153288841248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.6383114457130432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6264210343360901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3648661971092224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34475165605545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18576684594154358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.15732035040855408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.08402553200721741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc.2019.8916987","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2019.8916987","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1491581970","https://openalex.org/W1974258316","https://openalex.org/W1990398405","https://openalex.org/W1992989752","https://openalex.org/W2048249748","https://openalex.org/W2062525513","https://openalex.org/W2125186487","https://openalex.org/W2133505209","https://openalex.org/W2141778145","https://openalex.org/W2209124607","https://openalex.org/W2621019254","https://openalex.org/W2909376995","https://openalex.org/W2966985372","https://openalex.org/W6629361191","https://openalex.org/W6680028861"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2775347418","https://openalex.org/W1969923398","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W2170022336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"center":[1,110],"of":[2,16,22,97,112,132],"the":[3,7,11,23,27,94,98,109,113],"rear":[4,24,55,89],"axle":[5,25,56,90],"represents":[6],"reference":[8],"point":[9],"for":[10,33,83],"motion":[12],"and":[13,35,51,85],"collision":[14],"model":[15],"autonomous":[17],"cars.":[18],"This":[19],"makes":[20],"calibration":[21,39,57,71,91],"to":[26,48,88,107],"sensor":[28,87,95],"rig":[29,96],"a":[30,78,130],"fundamental":[31],"prerequisite":[32],"planning":[34],"localization.":[36],"Many":[37],"commercial":[38],"systems":[40],"are":[41,45,65,105],"available,":[42],"however":[43],"they":[44],"spacious,":[46],"difficult":[47],"set":[49],"up":[50],"costly.":[52],"So":[53],"far,":[54],"got":[58],"little":[59],"attention":[60],"in":[61],"literature.":[62],"Most":[63],"approaches":[64],"odometry":[66],"based":[67],"which":[68],"require":[69],"time-consuming":[70],"drives.":[72],"In":[73],"this":[74,118],"work":[75],"we":[76],"present":[77],"simple":[79],"but":[80,125],"effective":[81],"approach":[82,119],"fast":[84],"precise":[86,127],"by":[92],"calibrating":[93],"vehicle":[99],"together":[100],"with":[101],"external":[102],"sensors":[103],"that":[104,117],"used":[106],"determine":[108],"points":[111],"wheels.":[114],"We":[115],"show":[116],"is":[120],"not":[121],"only":[122],"highly":[123],"practical":[124],"also":[126],"while":[128],"requiring":[129],"minimum":[131],"equipment.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}