{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2904522542","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2018.8569631","title":"A novel, modular validation framework for collision avoidance of automated vehicles at road junctions","display_name":"A novel, modular validation framework for collision avoidance of automated vehicles at road junctions","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2904522542","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2018.8569631","mag":"2904522542"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc.2018.8569631","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2018.8569631","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 21st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/37051","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011257874","display_name":"Philippe Nitsche","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132118926","display_name":"Austrian Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04knbh022","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132118926"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"P. Nitsche","raw_affiliation_strings":["AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Center for Mobility Systems, Vienna, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Center for Mobility Systems, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132118926"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010976809","display_name":"Ruth Welsh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3678-4284"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.H. Welsh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loughborough University, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loughborough University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055385324","display_name":"Alexander Genser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7454-0443"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132118926","display_name":"Austrian Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04knbh022","country_code":"AT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132118926"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Genser","raw_affiliation_strings":["AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Center for Mobility Systems, Vienna, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Center for Mobility Systems, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132118926"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035406597","display_name":"Pete Thomas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4780-9531"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","display_name":"Loughborough University","ror":"https://ror.org/04vg4w365","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.D. Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loughborough University, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loughborough University, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011257874"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132118926"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6499,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85316477,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"90","last_page":"97"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.8294333219528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7229218482971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.6282370090484619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision-avoidance","display_name":"Collision avoidance","score":0.5834152102470398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision","display_name":"Collision","score":0.509837806224823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/certification","display_name":"Certification","score":0.4763895869255066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3964316248893738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.38708311319351196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.33027562499046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3288930654525757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14291328191757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.10192129015922546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.8294333219528198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7229218482971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.6282370090484619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780864053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5147495","display_name":"Collision avoidance","level":3,"score":0.5834152102470398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121704057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352070","display_name":"Collision","level":2,"score":0.509837806224823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46304622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374814","display_name":"Certification","level":2,"score":0.4763895869255066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3964316248893738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.38708311319351196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.33027562499046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3288930654525757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14291328191757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.10192129015922546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc.2018.8569631","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2018.8569631","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 21st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.lboro.ac.uk:2134/37051","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/37051","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401023","display_name":"Loughborough University Institutional Repository (Loughborough University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","host_organization_name":"Loughborough University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2018 21st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","raw_type":"Conference Contribution"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/9347171","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://figshare.com/articles/conference_contribution/A_novel_modular_validation_framework_for_collision_avoidance_of_automated_vehicles_at_road_junctions/9347171","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"<dc:type>Conference contribution"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.lboro.ac.uk:2134/37051","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/37051","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401023","display_name":"Loughborough University Institutional Repository (Loughborough University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I143804889","host_organization_name":"Loughborough University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143804889"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"2018 21st International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)","raw_type":"Conference Contribution"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W152030948","https://openalex.org/W156494094","https://openalex.org/W174926955","https://openalex.org/W1190630918","https://openalex.org/W1493454437","https://openalex.org/W1530401270","https://openalex.org/W1760315937","https://openalex.org/W1781959951","https://openalex.org/W1786430355","https://openalex.org/W1803099308","https://openalex.org/W1900533012","https://openalex.org/W1987971958","https://openalex.org/W1995904828","https://openalex.org/W2002932282","https://openalex.org/W2010894794","https://openalex.org/W2029276435","https://openalex.org/W2038669746","https://openalex.org/W2070965725","https://openalex.org/W2158903060","https://openalex.org/W2161231437","https://openalex.org/W2166559705","https://openalex.org/W2169601390","https://openalex.org/W2248217952","https://openalex.org/W2425606144","https://openalex.org/W2442535094","https://openalex.org/W2525936901","https://openalex.org/W2561562126","https://openalex.org/W2594367393","https://openalex.org/W2748895148","https://openalex.org/W2750453589","https://openalex.org/W2755758962","https://openalex.org/W2789703022","https://openalex.org/W2795247419","https://openalex.org/W2998574808","https://openalex.org/W3098154182","https://openalex.org/W4243645092","https://openalex.org/W4289791984","https://openalex.org/W6638038447","https://openalex.org/W6841928929"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2066052364","https://openalex.org/W2023743128","https://openalex.org/W4243365217","https://openalex.org/W2224296908","https://openalex.org/W3109981693","https://openalex.org/W2381980429","https://openalex.org/W2384206113","https://openalex.org/W1819938260","https://openalex.org/W2340892746","https://openalex.org/W3005999311"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,28,51,72],"new":[4,52],"validation":[5],"method":[6,15],"for":[7,54,89],"automated":[8,82,103],"driving":[9],"systems":[10],"at":[11,23,58],"road":[12],"junctions.":[13,59],"The":[14,37,60],"comprises":[16],"the":[17,45,63,78],"clustering":[18],"of":[19,62,81,102],"critical":[20],"traffic":[21],"scenarios":[22],"junctions":[24],"as":[25,27,50],"well":[26],"simulation":[29],"and":[30,42,93,100],"evaluation":[31],"framework":[32,46,64],"to":[33],"validate":[34],"those":[35],"scenarios.":[36],"safety":[38],"performance":[39],"indicators":[40],"selected":[41,73],"implemented":[43],"in":[44],"can":[47],"be":[48],"seen":[49],"reference":[53],"conducting":[55],"virtual":[56,90],"tests":[57],"applicability":[61],"is":[65,86,94],"demonstrated":[66],"by":[67],"an":[68,95],"experiment":[69],"based":[70],"on":[71],"car-to-car":[74],"collision":[75],"scenario.":[76],"Considering":[77],"current":[79],"progression":[80],"transport,":[83],"this":[84],"work":[85],"highly":[87],"relevant":[88],"testing":[91],"procedures":[92],"important":[96],"step":[97],"towards":[98],"approval":[99],"certification":[101],"vehicles.":[104]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}