{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2117488412","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2008.4732572","title":"Improving safety through online driver workload assessment","display_name":"Improving safety through online driver workload assessment","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2117488412","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2008.4732572","mag":"2117488412"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc.2008.4732572","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2008.4732572","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 11th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058883554","display_name":"Karine Younsi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089617","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Automatique, de M\u00e9canique et d'Informatique Industrielles et Humaines","ror":"https://ror.org/006z7v557","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210089617","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I4387154098","https://openalex.org/I70348806","https://openalex.org/I70348806"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70348806","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Polytechnique Hauts-de-France","ror":"https://ror.org/02ezch769","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70348806"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Karine Younsi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Industrial and Human Automation, Mechanics and Computer science (LAMIH), UMR CNRS 8530, Universite Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambr\u00e9sis, Valenciennes, France","Lab. of Ind. & Human Autom., Univ. of Valenciennes & Hainsaut Cambresis, Valenciennes"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Industrial and Human Automation, Mechanics and Computer science (LAMIH), UMR CNRS 8530, Universite Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambr\u00e9sis, Valenciennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70348806","https://openalex.org/I4210089617","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lab. of Ind. & Human Autom., Univ. of Valenciennes & Hainsaut Cambresis, Valenciennes","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70348806"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048754382","display_name":"Jean-Marc Girard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089617","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Automatique, de M\u00e9canique et d'Informatique Industrielles et Humaines","ror":"https://ror.org/006z7v557","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210089617","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I4387154098","https://openalex.org/I70348806","https://openalex.org/I70348806"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70348806","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Polytechnique Hauts-de-France","ror":"https://ror.org/02ezch769","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70348806"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Marc Girard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Industrial and Human Automation, Mechanics and Computer science (LAMIH), UMR CNRS 8530, Universite Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambr\u00e9sis, Valenciennes, France","Lab. of Ind. & Human Autom., Univ. of Valenciennes & Hainsaut Cambresis, Valenciennes"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Industrial and Human Automation, Mechanics and Computer science (LAMIH), UMR CNRS 8530, Universite Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambr\u00e9sis, Valenciennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70348806","https://openalex.org/I4210089617","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lab. of Ind. & Human Autom., Univ. of Valenciennes & Hainsaut Cambresis, Valenciennes","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70348806"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057457893","display_name":"Jean\u2010Christophe Popieul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8551-4489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089617","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Automatique, de M\u00e9canique et d'Informatique Industrielles et Humaines","ror":"https://ror.org/006z7v557","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210089617","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I4387154098","https://openalex.org/I70348806","https://openalex.org/I70348806"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70348806","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Polytechnique Hauts-de-France","ror":"https://ror.org/02ezch769","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70348806"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jean-Christophe Popieul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Industrial and Human Automation, Mechanics and Computer science (LAMIH), UMR CNRS 8530, Universite Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambr\u00e9sis, Valenciennes, France","Lab. of Ind. & Human Autom., Univ. of Valenciennes & Hainsaut Cambresis, Valenciennes"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Industrial and Human Automation, Mechanics and Computer science (LAMIH), UMR CNRS 8530, Universite Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambr\u00e9sis, Valenciennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70348806","https://openalex.org/I4210089617","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lab. of Ind. & Human Autom., Univ. of Valenciennes & Hainsaut Cambresis, Valenciennes","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70348806"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108518345","display_name":"P. Loslever","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089617","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Automatique, de M\u00e9canique et d'Informatique Industrielles et Humaines","ror":"https://ror.org/006z7v557","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210089617","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I4387154098","https://openalex.org/I70348806","https://openalex.org/I70348806"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70348806","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Polytechnique Hauts-de-France","ror":"https://ror.org/02ezch769","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70348806"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pierre Loslever","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Industrial and Human Automation, Mechanics and Computer science (LAMIH), UMR CNRS 8530, Universite Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambr\u00e9sis, Valenciennes, France","Lab. of Ind. & Human Autom., Univ. of Valenciennes & Hainsaut Cambresis, Valenciennes"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Industrial and Human Automation, Mechanics and Computer science (LAMIH), UMR CNRS 8530, Universite Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambr\u00e9sis, Valenciennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70348806","https://openalex.org/I4210089617","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lab. of Ind. & Human Autom., Univ. of Valenciennes & Hainsaut Cambresis, Valenciennes","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70348806"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059950611","display_name":"Philippe Simon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089617","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Automatique, de M\u00e9canique et d'Informatique Industrielles et Humaines","ror":"https://ror.org/006z7v557","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210089617","https://openalex.org/I4210159245","https://openalex.org/I4387154098","https://openalex.org/I70348806","https://openalex.org/I70348806"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70348806","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Polytechnique Hauts-de-France","ror":"https://ror.org/02ezch769","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70348806"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philippe Simon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Industrial and Human Automation, Mechanics and Computer science (LAMIH), UMR CNRS 8530, Universite Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambr\u00e9sis, Valenciennes, France","Lab. of Ind. & Human Autom., Univ. of Valenciennes & Hainsaut Cambresis, Valenciennes"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Industrial and Human Automation, Mechanics and Computer science (LAMIH), UMR CNRS 8530, Universite Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambr\u00e9sis, Valenciennes, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70348806","https://openalex.org/I4210089617","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lab. of Ind. & Human Autom., Univ. of Valenciennes & Hainsaut Cambresis, Valenciennes","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70348806"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058883554"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I4210089617","https://openalex.org/I70348806"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18281506,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1107","last_page":"1112"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workload","display_name":"Workload","score":0.8951544761657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7360715270042419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.4984416961669922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-collection","display_name":"Data collection","score":0.4803222715854645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task-analysis","display_name":"Task analysis","score":0.4424409866333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4335963726043701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compatibility","display_name":"Compatibility (geochemistry)","score":0.4286058843135834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.42294496297836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3206409513950348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1892869472503662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.12387767434120178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.10325643420219421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.07099851965904236}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.8951544761657715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7360715270042419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.4984416961669922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.4803222715854645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.4424409866333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4335963726043701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778648169","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967768","display_name":"Compatibility (geochemistry)","level":2,"score":0.4286058843135834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.42294496297836304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3206409513950348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1892869472503662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.12387767434120178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.10325643420219421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.07099851965904236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc.2008.4732572","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2008.4732572","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 11th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321424","display_name":"Minist\u00e8re de l'Enseignement Sup\u00e9rieur et de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/01ejfgc23"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322892","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W75159149","https://openalex.org/W146834298","https://openalex.org/W161559385","https://openalex.org/W408230146","https://openalex.org/W744803762","https://openalex.org/W1516156764","https://openalex.org/W1986693528","https://openalex.org/W1992092991","https://openalex.org/W1997641164","https://openalex.org/W2003540033","https://openalex.org/W2005177158","https://openalex.org/W2023834570","https://openalex.org/W2032511234","https://openalex.org/W2069536496","https://openalex.org/W2072249119","https://openalex.org/W2091163263","https://openalex.org/W2099186322","https://openalex.org/W2123677674","https://openalex.org/W2143679330","https://openalex.org/W2144087345","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6605990238","https://openalex.org/W6675228954"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000785801","https://openalex.org/W986318368","https://openalex.org/W2384410913","https://openalex.org/W2352878646","https://openalex.org/W2004734601","https://openalex.org/W2130149817","https://openalex.org/W2979600163","https://openalex.org/W2757800430","https://openalex.org/W2766090822","https://openalex.org/W191045033"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,23,103],"continuous":[1],"increasing":[2],"number":[3],"of":[4,14,17,25,47,60,73,81,90,122],"car":[5],"embedded":[6],"systems":[7,19],"requires":[8],"to":[9,34,49,118],"wonder":[10],"about":[11],"the":[12,15,21,41,58,70,79],"compatibility":[13],"use":[16,38],"such":[18],"while":[20,94],"driving.":[22],"richness":[24],"their":[26,28,31,37],"interface,":[27],"complexity":[29],"and":[30,75],"numbers":[32],"need":[33],"ensure":[35],"that":[36],"doesn't":[39],"exceed":[40],"driver":[42],"capacity.":[43],"To":[44],"bring":[45],"elements":[46],"answer":[48],"this":[50,52],"question,":[51],"paper":[53],"presents":[54],"a":[55,61,112],"methodology":[56,66],"for":[57],"development":[59],"real-time":[62],"workload":[63,101],"estimator.":[64],"This":[65],"is":[67],"based":[68],"on":[69,111],"simultaneous":[71],"analysis":[72],"objective":[74],"subjective":[76,95,100],"data":[77,87,96,104],"by":[78],"mean":[80],"an":[82,108],"exploratory":[83],"multivariate":[84],"approach.":[85],"Objective":[86],"are":[88,97],"composed":[89],"driving":[91,113],"performance":[92],"indicators":[93],"results":[98],"from":[99],"assessments.":[102],"were":[105],"collected":[106],"during":[107],"experimentation":[109],"set":[110],"situation":[114],"which":[115],"was":[116],"designed":[117],"induce":[119],"several":[120],"levels":[121],"task":[123],"demand.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}