{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2112385363","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2007.4357692","title":"A Pedestrian Detector Using Histograms of Oriented Gradients and a Support Vector Machine Classifier","display_name":"A Pedestrian Detector Using Histograms of Oriented Gradients and a Support Vector Machine Classifier","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2112385363","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2007.4357692","mag":"2112385363"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc.2007.4357692","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2007.4357692","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023011312","display_name":"Massimo Bertozzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1463-5384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124601658","display_name":"University of Parma","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. Bertozzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dip. Ing. Informazione, Universita di Parma, ITALY","Univ.a di Parma, Parma"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dip. Ing. Informazione, Universita di Parma, ITALY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ.a di Parma, Parma","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082513645","display_name":"Alberto Broggi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0893-1331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124601658","display_name":"University of Parma","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Broggi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dip. Ing. Informazione, Universita di Parma, ITALY","Univ.a di Parma, Parma"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dip. Ing. Informazione, Universita di Parma, ITALY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ.a di Parma, Parma","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109813428","display_name":"Michael Del Rose","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304082316","display_name":"United States Department of the Army","ror":"https://ror.org/035w1gb98","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Del Rose","raw_affiliation_strings":["U. S. Army TARDEC, U. S. A","U.S. Army TARDEC, U.S.A. http://www.tacom.army.mil"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U. S. Army TARDEC, U. S. A","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Army TARDEC, U.S.A. http://www.tacom.army.mil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000321186","display_name":"Mirko Felisa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124601658","display_name":"University of Parma","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Felisa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dip. Ing. Informazione, Universita di Parma, ITALY","Dip. Ing. Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Parma, ITALY. http://www.vislab.it"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dip. Ing. Informazione, Universita di Parma, ITALY","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dip. Ing. Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Parma, ITALY. http://www.vislab.it","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031137438","display_name":"Alain Rakotomamonjy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88814501","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es Rouen Normandie","ror":"https://ror.org/020ws7586","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108118","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, du Traitement de l'Information et des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/01f1vfy95","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141576021","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Rakotomamonjy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire LITIS (PSI), INSA de Rouen, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire LITIS (PSI), INSA de Rouen, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88814501","https://openalex.org/I4210108118"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015036035","display_name":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Suard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108118","display_name":"Laboratoire d'Informatique, du Traitement de l'Information et des Syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/01f1vfy95","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141576021","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I4210108118","https://openalex.org/I62396329","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I88814501","display_name":"Institut National des Sciences Appliqu\u00e9es Rouen Normandie","ror":"https://ror.org/020ws7586","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105918","https://openalex.org/I88814501"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Suard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratoire LITIS (PSI), INSA de Rouen, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratoire LITIS (PSI), INSA de Rouen, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I88814501","https://openalex.org/I4210108118"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023011312"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.905,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":108,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97160264,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"143","last_page":"148"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian-detection","display_name":"Pedestrian detection","score":0.8532531261444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.7996352314949036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.7120183110237122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7054601311683655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6902545690536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.6308748126029968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram-of-oriented-gradients","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","score":0.6137917041778564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.6070365905761719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian","display_name":"Pedestrian","score":0.5705168843269348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.5462696552276611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5013701915740967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14262175559997559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.08788442611694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.07069247961044312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780156472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2355550","display_name":"Pedestrian detection","level":3,"score":0.8532531261444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.7996352314949036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.7120183110237122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7054601311683655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6902545690536499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.6308748126029968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17426736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419918","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","level":4,"score":0.6137917041778564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6070365905761719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.5705168843269348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.5462696552276611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5013701915740967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14262175559997559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.08788442611694336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.07069247961044312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/itsc.2007.4357692","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2007.4357692","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.80.7946","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.80.7946","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.ce.unipr.it/people/bertozzi/pap/cr/itsc2007-tacomhog.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485157351","https://openalex.org/W1557326683","https://openalex.org/W1591285480","https://openalex.org/W1601740268","https://openalex.org/W1886407166","https://openalex.org/W2020811516","https://openalex.org/W2087347434","https://openalex.org/W2100486701","https://openalex.org/W2108785746","https://openalex.org/W2110179992","https://openalex.org/W2114868803","https://openalex.org/W2115384967","https://openalex.org/W2125066085","https://openalex.org/W2129317335","https://openalex.org/W2133984628","https://openalex.org/W2137545186","https://openalex.org/W2137744490","https://openalex.org/W2139475827","https://openalex.org/W2142645932","https://openalex.org/W2143023146","https://openalex.org/W2148754237","https://openalex.org/W2150180218","https://openalex.org/W2150361366","https://openalex.org/W2154484283","https://openalex.org/W2154740476","https://openalex.org/W2156909104","https://openalex.org/W2157264484","https://openalex.org/W2158295905","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2163272476","https://openalex.org/W2164042219","https://openalex.org/W2166623283","https://openalex.org/W2166845963","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6629105151","https://openalex.org/W6635441548","https://openalex.org/W6639621968","https://openalex.org/W6676443278","https://openalex.org/W6678978975","https://openalex.org/W6682625166"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2972620127","https://openalex.org/W2981141433","https://openalex.org/W1977648593","https://openalex.org/W2348780717","https://openalex.org/W2780165746","https://openalex.org/W4235475963","https://openalex.org/W4252030899","https://openalex.org/W3087821047","https://openalex.org/W2071599417","https://openalex.org/W2602033589"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,46],"paper":[1],"details":[2],"filtering":[3],"subsystem":[4],"for":[5],"a":[6,33,60,88],"tetra-vision":[7],"based":[8,16],"pedestrian":[9],"detection":[10],"system.":[11],"The":[12],"complete":[13],"system":[14],"is":[15,48,57],"on":[17],"the":[18,40,67,73,104],"use":[19],"of":[20,35,37,62,69,75,78,101,106],"both":[21],"visible":[22],"and":[23,81,90],"far":[24],"infrared":[25],"cameras;":[26],"in":[27,39,103],"an":[28],"initial":[29],"phase":[30],"it":[31],"produces":[32],"list":[34,47],"areas":[36,74,105],"attention":[38],"images":[41],"which":[42],"can":[43],"contain":[44],"pedestrians.":[45],"furtherly":[49],"refined":[50],"using":[51],"symmetry-based":[52],"assumptions.":[53],"Then,":[54],"this":[55],"results":[56],"fed":[58],"to":[59,92,95,99],"number":[61],"independent":[63],"validators":[64],"that":[65],"evaluate":[66],"presence":[68],"human":[70],"shapes":[71],"inside":[72],"attention.":[76,107],"Histogram":[77],"oriented":[79],"gradients":[80],"Support":[82],"Vector":[83],"Machines":[84],"are":[85],"used":[86],"as":[87],"filter":[89],"demonstrated":[91],"be":[93],"able":[94],"successfully":[96],"classify":[97],"up":[98],"91%":[100],"pedestrians":[102]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}