{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405936804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itnac62915.2024.10815582","title":"Improving Last-Mile Maritime Communication Using Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces","display_name":"Improving Last-Mile Maritime Communication Using Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405936804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itnac62915.2024.10815582"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/itnac62915.2024.10815582","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itnac62915.2024.10815582","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 34th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041391473","display_name":"Saurab Rauniyar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saurab Rauniyar","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oslo,Department of Technology Systems,Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oslo,Department of Technology Systems,Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111953012","display_name":"P\u00e5l Orten","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","display_name":"University of Oslo","ror":"https://ror.org/01xtthb56","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P\u00e5l Orten","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oslo,Department of Technology Systems,Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oslo,Department of Technology Systems,Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035562072","display_name":"Stig Petersen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4026-3326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173888879","display_name":"SINTEF","ror":"https://ror.org/01f677e56","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stig Petersen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sustainable Communication Technologies, SINTEF Digital,Norway"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sustainable Communication Technologies, SINTEF Digital,Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173888879"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041391473"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.1779,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93669812,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14408","display_name":"Coastal Management and Development","score":0.9096999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14408","display_name":"Coastal Management and Development","score":0.9096999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mile","display_name":"Mile","score":0.858126163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/last-mile","display_name":"Last mile (transportation)","score":0.747123658657074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5318809151649475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.45949888229370117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aeronautics","display_name":"Aeronautics","score":0.3635692298412323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.29473626613616943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.09580740332603455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.061579883098602295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186379835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q253276","display_name":"Mile","level":2,"score":0.858126163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45440154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6494801","display_name":"Last mile (transportation)","level":3,"score":0.747123658657074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5318809151649475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.45949888229370117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.3635692298412323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.29473626613616943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.09580740332603455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.061579883098602295}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/itnac62915.2024.10815582","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/itnac62915.2024.10815582","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 34th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7351951116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"317913","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F8895899747","funder_display_name":"Kongsberg Maritime"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F8895899747","display_name":"Kongsberg Maritime","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2019282277","https://openalex.org/W2152121970","https://openalex.org/W2563009932","https://openalex.org/W2899729262","https://openalex.org/W2948573205","https://openalex.org/W2961125646","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W2983265609","https://openalex.org/W3153460526","https://openalex.org/W3205257564","https://openalex.org/W3207428686","https://openalex.org/W3208744943","https://openalex.org/W4321636774","https://openalex.org/W4389545377","https://openalex.org/W4392780448"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4224920455","https://openalex.org/W2974961843","https://openalex.org/W4387715617","https://openalex.org/W2075280196","https://openalex.org/W4402947517","https://openalex.org/W4391768511","https://openalex.org/W4387147337","https://openalex.org/W2263936574","https://openalex.org/W4303684172","https://openalex.org/W2997910527"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Near-shore":[0],"ship":[1],"communication":[2,12,42,140,186,197],"is":[3],"vital":[4],"to":[5,45,114,120,134,154],"maritime":[6,106,126,190],"operations,":[7,191],"serving":[8],"as":[9,73],"the":[10,101,125,145,170,176],"last-mile":[11,122],"link":[13],"between":[14],"vessels":[15],"and":[16,36,49,55,80,86,103,138,160,195],"shore-based":[17,34],"infrastructure.":[18],"Despite":[19],"its":[20],"importance,":[21],"this":[22],"environment":[23],"poses":[24],"pressing":[25],"challenges.":[26],"The":[27],"high":[28],"density":[29],"of":[30,76,105,148],"ships,":[31],"towering":[32],"vessels,":[33],"buildings,":[35],"natural":[37],"obstacles":[38],"like":[39],"mountains":[40],"obstruct":[41],"paths,":[43],"leading":[44],"degraded":[46],"signal":[47,136,156],"quality":[48],"reliability.":[50],"Moreover,":[51],"sea":[52],"surface":[53],"reflections":[54],"other":[56],"obstructions":[57],"create":[58],"a":[59,74],"complex":[60],"propagation":[61,137],"environment,":[62],"often":[63],"resulting":[64],"in":[65,124,184],"composite":[66,163],"fading":[67,79,88,164],"channels.":[68,198],"These":[69],"channels":[70],"are":[71,93],"modeled":[72],"mixture":[75],"Nakagami-m":[77],"multipath":[78],"log-normal":[81],"shadowing,":[82],"capturing":[83],"both":[84,162],"small-scale":[85],"large-scale":[87],"effects.":[89,165],"If":[90],"these":[91,110],"challenges":[92],"not":[94],"adequately":[95],"addressed,":[96],"they":[97],"can":[98,129,173],"severely":[99],"compromise":[100],"safety":[102],"efficiency":[104],"operations.":[107],"To":[108],"address":[109],"issues,":[111],"we":[112],"propose":[113],"use":[115],"Intelligent":[116],"Reflecting":[117],"Surfaces":[118],"(IRS)":[119],"enhance":[121,155],"communications":[123],"domain.":[127],"IRS":[128,149,183],"dynamically":[130],"manipulate":[131],"electromagnetic":[132],"waves":[133],"optimize":[135],"improve":[139],"performance.":[141],"By":[142],"smartly":[143],"adjusting":[144],"phase":[146],"shifts":[147],"elements,":[150],"our":[151],"approach":[152],"aims":[153],"strength,":[157],"extend":[158],"coverage,":[159],"mitigate":[161],"Our":[166],"results":[167],"demonstrate":[168],"that":[169],"IRS-aided":[171],"system":[172],"effectively":[174],"outperform":[175],"traditional":[177],"relaying":[178],"systems":[179],"by":[180],"6bps/Hz.":[181],"Implementing":[182],"near-shore":[185],"networks":[187],"further":[188],"enhances":[189],"providing":[192],"more":[193],"resilient":[194],"efficient":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
