{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2798247876","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iswcs.2018.8491095","title":"Quantum Backscatter Communication: A New Paradigm","display_name":"Quantum Backscatter Communication: A New Paradigm","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2798247876","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iswcs.2018.8491095","mag":"2798247876"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iswcs.2018.8491095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iswcs.2018.8491095","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 15th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.04185","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009647120","display_name":"Roberto Di Candia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9087-2125"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75951250","display_name":"Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin","ror":"https://ror.org/046ak2485","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Di Candia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, 14195, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dahlem Center for Complex Quantum Systems, Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Berlin, 14195, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059959008","display_name":"Riku J\u00e4ntti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5398-2381"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Riku Jantti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","[Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001674893","display_name":"Ruifeng Duan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6278-933X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruifeng Duan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","[Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041386963","display_name":"Jari Lietz\u00e9n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7908-4547"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jari Lietzen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","[Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087468794","display_name":"Hany Khalifa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1276-5428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hany Khalifa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","[Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086195864","display_name":"Kalle Ruttik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7365-9194"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kalle Ruttik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","[Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Department of Communications and Networking, Aalto University, Espoo, 02150, Finland]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009647120"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75951250"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03857852,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"321","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.8747888803482056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keying","display_name":"Keying","score":0.6611445546150208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.5637009739875793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplitude-and-phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Amplitude and phase-shift keying","score":0.5183285474777222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","score":0.5045267343521118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.4729739725589752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.45251986384391785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/on-off-keying","display_name":"On-off keying","score":0.4194888770580292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4174266457557678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.39369481801986694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3871917128562927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3598519563674927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.2712841331958771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.17465347051620483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1328044831752777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.06915080547332764}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.8747888803482056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398306","display_name":"Keying","level":2,"score":0.6611445546150208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5637009739875793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127240579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477229","display_name":"Amplitude and phase-shift keying","level":5,"score":0.5183285474777222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.5045267343521118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.4729739725589752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.45251986384391785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170030856","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136128","display_name":"On-off keying","level":5,"score":0.4194888770580292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4174266457557678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39369481801986694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3871917128562927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3598519563674927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.2712841331958771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.17465347051620483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1328044831752777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.06915080547332764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iswcs.2018.8491095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iswcs.2018.8491095","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2018 15th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1804.04185","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1804.04185","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.04185","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:2798247876","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.04185.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:aaltodoc.aalto.fi:123456789/35038","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.aalto.fi/en/publications/4ea7df28-e409-4b90-b4ed-ac67b228e8bc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401662","display_name":"Aaltodoc (Aalto University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","host_organization_name":"Aalto University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"acceptedVersion"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.1804.04185","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.1804.04185","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1804.04185","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1804.04185","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.04185","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1665805669","https://openalex.org/W1971851949","https://openalex.org/W1973522166","https://openalex.org/W1977248165","https://openalex.org/W1980473219","https://openalex.org/W1988134541","https://openalex.org/W2033879010","https://openalex.org/W2040824660","https://openalex.org/W2051869207","https://openalex.org/W2059207587","https://openalex.org/W2087641114","https://openalex.org/W2122727488","https://openalex.org/W2150422183","https://openalex.org/W2316382317","https://openalex.org/W2469942840","https://openalex.org/W2503692866","https://openalex.org/W2519338465","https://openalex.org/W2520797777","https://openalex.org/W2560738733","https://openalex.org/W2638769274","https://openalex.org/W2735571864","https://openalex.org/W2963571301","https://openalex.org/W3216991330","https://openalex.org/W6804917613"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974151618","https://openalex.org/W1991570247","https://openalex.org/W3133713811","https://openalex.org/W2744198156","https://openalex.org/W2335694089","https://openalex.org/W2023511810","https://openalex.org/W2991272722","https://openalex.org/W2004926310","https://openalex.org/W2320808584","https://openalex.org/W2969780864","https://openalex.org/W3095869600","https://openalex.org/W2889328383","https://openalex.org/W2923281033","https://openalex.org/W3116579306","https://openalex.org/W2067548045","https://openalex.org/W1918487604","https://openalex.org/W2032186503","https://openalex.org/W1514512594","https://openalex.org/W2115066381","https://openalex.org/W2121550432"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,19],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,101],"propose":[4],"a":[5,80],"novel":[6],"quantum":[7,15],"backscatter":[8,106],"communications":[9],"(QBC)":[10],"protocol,":[11],"inspired":[12],"by":[13,47],"the":[14,20,23,35,41,49,66,70,73,103],"illumination":[16],"(QI)":[17],"concept.":[18],"QBC":[21,77],"paradigm,":[22],"transmitter":[24],"generates":[25],"entangled":[26],"photon":[27,31,37],"pairs.":[28],"The":[29,43],"signal":[30,67],"is":[32,38],"transmitted":[33],"and":[34,88,90],"idler":[36],"kept":[39],"at":[40,69],"receiver.":[42],"tag":[44],"antenna":[45],"communicates":[46],"performing":[48],"pulse":[50],"amplitude":[51],"modulation":[52],"(PAM),":[53],"binary":[54],"phase":[55,61],"shift":[56,62],"keying":[57,63],"(BPSK)":[58],"or":[59],"quadratic":[60],"(QPSK)":[64],"on":[65],"impinging":[68],"antenna.":[71],"Using":[72],"sum-frequency-generation":[74],"receiver,":[75],"our":[76],"protocol":[78],"achieves":[79],"6":[81],"dB":[82,92],"error":[83],"exponent":[84],"gain":[85,93],"for":[86,94],"PAM":[87],"BPSK,":[89],"3":[91],"QPSK":[95],"over":[96],"its":[97],"classical":[98],"counterpart.":[99],"Finally,":[100],"discuss":[102],"QI-enhanced":[104],"secure":[105],"communication.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}