{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2769545747","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iswcs.2017.8108093","title":"Quantum key distribution with a control key","display_name":"Quantum key distribution with a control key","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2769545747","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iswcs.2017.8108093","mag":"2769545747"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iswcs.2017.8108093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iswcs.2017.8108093","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065131087","display_name":"Junaid ur Rehman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2933-8609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junaid ur Rehman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Radio Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Radio Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037687343","display_name":"Youngmin Jeong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3850-7494"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youngmin Jeong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007557286","display_name":"Hyundong Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3364-8084"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyundong Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory for Information and Decision Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065131087"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.15792803,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"112","last_page":"116"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10622","display_name":"Quantum Mechanics and Applications","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-key-distribution","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","score":0.8990644216537476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/randomness","display_name":"Randomness","score":0.8336098790168762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.7274954915046692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6928433179855347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-distribution","display_name":"Key distribution","score":0.61005038022995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bb84","display_name":"BB84","score":0.6008060574531555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-exchange","display_name":"Key exchange","score":0.5886422991752625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-generation","display_name":"Key generation","score":0.5873221158981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-secrecy","display_name":"Forward secrecy","score":0.4496680498123169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-cryptography","display_name":"Quantum cryptography","score":0.4434340298175812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pre-shared-key","display_name":"Pre-shared key","score":0.44049394130706787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secrecy","display_name":"Secrecy","score":0.4388046860694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.43291518092155457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eavesdropping","display_name":"Eavesdropping","score":0.4259307384490967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.332452654838562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.33132827281951904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.3282320499420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.32731080055236816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum","display_name":"Quantum","score":0.2476470172405243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.17135685682296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12515786290168762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-information","display_name":"Quantum information","score":0.08887970447540283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07242026925086975}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95466800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027298","display_name":"Quantum key distribution","level":3,"score":0.8990644216537476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125112378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176640","display_name":"Randomness","level":2,"score":0.8336098790168762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.7274954915046692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6928433179855347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160333310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398153","display_name":"Key distribution","level":4,"score":0.61005038022995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78203541","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2566969","display_name":"BB84","level":5,"score":0.6008060574531555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99674996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414155","display_name":"Key exchange","level":4,"score":0.5886422991752625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163173736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3308558","display_name":"Key generation","level":3,"score":0.5873221158981323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205009425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q935662","display_name":"Forward secrecy","level":4,"score":0.4496680498123169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144901912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q471906","display_name":"Quantum cryptography","level":4,"score":0.4434340298175812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50230483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2108226","display_name":"Pre-shared key","level":5,"score":0.44049394130706787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776452267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1503443","display_name":"Secrecy","level":2,"score":0.4388046860694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.43291518092155457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776788033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320769","display_name":"Eavesdropping","level":2,"score":0.4259307384490967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.332452654838562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.33132827281951904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.3282320499420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.32731080055236816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.2476470172405243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.17135685682296753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12515786290168762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169699857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2122243","display_name":"Quantum information","level":3,"score":0.08887970447540283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07242026925086975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iswcs.2017.8108093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iswcs.2017.8108093","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1563585979","https://openalex.org/W1959936891","https://openalex.org/W1968204762","https://openalex.org/W1982538111","https://openalex.org/W1988134541","https://openalex.org/W1991631412","https://openalex.org/W1997102776","https://openalex.org/W1997124098","https://openalex.org/W1997239703","https://openalex.org/W2005625556","https://openalex.org/W2005631054","https://openalex.org/W2013622559","https://openalex.org/W2020272675","https://openalex.org/W2023581083","https://openalex.org/W2047463679","https://openalex.org/W2049471987","https://openalex.org/W2051051926","https://openalex.org/W2055617162","https://openalex.org/W2090099030","https://openalex.org/W2100494843","https://openalex.org/W2121047913","https://openalex.org/W2146170676","https://openalex.org/W2164207767","https://openalex.org/W2170869192","https://openalex.org/W2604624060","https://openalex.org/W2606845511","https://openalex.org/W2987687226","https://openalex.org/W3038067977","https://openalex.org/W3126033603","https://openalex.org/W4394649050","https://openalex.org/W6649518391","https://openalex.org/W6654347880"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2607793613","https://openalex.org/W2358235859","https://openalex.org/W2113976983","https://openalex.org/W3018690376","https://openalex.org/W2131572981","https://openalex.org/W3094714434","https://openalex.org/W1628555808","https://openalex.org/W4321174344","https://openalex.org/W4378471218","https://openalex.org/W4390579387"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Quantum":[0],"key":[1,33,77,82,87,108,166,170],"distribution":[2],"(QKD)":[3],"relies":[4],"on":[5],"randomness":[6,25,58],"to":[7,28,51,104],"exchange":[8,109],"secret":[9,76],"keys":[10,21],"among":[11,85],"the":[12,17,20,30,60,64,71,86,96,99,144,149,160,173],"communicating":[13],"parties.":[14],"While":[15],"ensuring":[16],"secrecy":[18],"of":[19,32,56,66,73,136,162,164,169,175],"being":[22],"distributed,":[23],"independent":[24,155],"also":[26],"causes":[27],"reduce":[29],"number":[31],"bits":[34],"that":[35,47,102],"can":[36,92,121],"be":[37,93,122],"shared":[38,84],"per":[39],"quantum":[40],"signal":[41],"exchanged.":[42],"Recently":[43],"it":[44,48],"was":[45],"shown":[46],"is":[49],"possible":[50],"use":[52,142,163],"pseudo-randomness":[53,91,120],"in":[54,59,125,167],"place":[55],"true":[57],"QKD":[61,68,127,137,177],"without":[62],"compromising":[63],"integrity":[65],"a":[67,74,80,106,126,134,140],"scheme.":[69],"By":[70],"virtue":[72],"short":[75],"\u2014":[78,83],"called":[79],"control":[81,145,165],"sharing":[88],"parties,":[89],"same":[90],"generated":[94],"at":[95],"transmitter":[97],"and":[98,153],"receiver":[100],"end":[101],"allow":[103],"obtain":[105],"higher":[107],"rate.":[110],"However,":[111],"there":[112],"are":[113,117],"certain":[114],"modifications":[115],"which":[116],"necessary":[118],"before":[119],"safely":[123],"employed":[124],"procedure.":[128],"In":[129],"this":[130],"paper,":[131],"we":[132],"provide":[133],"modification":[135,174],"schemes":[138],"for":[139,172],"secure":[141],"with":[143],"key.":[146],"We":[147,157],"modify":[148],"prepare-and-measure":[150],"(BB84)":[151],"type,":[152],"measurement-device":[154],"protocols.":[156],"then":[158],"verify":[159],"advantages":[161],"terms":[168],"rates":[171],"two":[176],"schemes.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-01-13T01:12:25.745995","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
