{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2094672162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iswcs.2010.5624321","title":"Maximum likelihood approach to classification of digitally frequency-modulated signals","display_name":"Maximum likelihood approach to classification of digitally frequency-modulated signals","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2094672162","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iswcs.2010.5624321","mag":"2094672162"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iswcs.2010.5624321","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iswcs.2010.5624321","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 7th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041278293","display_name":"Meisam Rakhshanfar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0975-826X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60158472","display_name":"Concordia University","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zvk78","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Meisam Rakhshanfar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada","Electrical and Computer engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer engineering, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041278293"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60158472"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.451,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73668808,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"761","last_page":"764"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12946","display_name":"Fractal and DNA sequence analysis","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9585000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-shift-keying","display_name":"Frequency-shift keying","score":0.8642618060112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6149963736534119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/keying","display_name":"Keying","score":0.5465698838233948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.531048595905304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-modulation","display_name":"Frequency modulation","score":0.5185614228248596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-likelihood","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","score":0.5047272443771362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.49628597497940063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.4943275451660156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4926448464393616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.45515817403793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detection-theory","display_name":"Detection theory","score":0.428171306848526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41254866123199463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.40402764081954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.339305579662323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.29021236300468445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.2326085865497589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.21566030383110046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demodulation","display_name":"Demodulation","score":0.16367000341415405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.16278722882270813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.11940068006515503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.11922845244407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07051852345466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/detector","display_name":"Detector","score":0.06772330403327942}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163996819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1166054","display_name":"Frequency-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.8642618060112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6149963736534119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398306","display_name":"Keying","level":2,"score":0.5465698838233948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.531048595905304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11930861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181417","display_name":"Frequency modulation","level":3,"score":0.5185614228248596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49781872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1045555","display_name":"Maximum likelihood","level":2,"score":0.5047272443771362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.49628597497940063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.4943275451660156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4926448464393616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.45515817403793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137270730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120811","display_name":"Detection theory","level":3,"score":0.428171306848526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41254866123199463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.40402764081954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.339305579662323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.29021236300468445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2326085865497589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.21566030383110046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195251586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1185939","display_name":"Demodulation","level":3,"score":0.16367000341415405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.16278722882270813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.11940068006515503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.11922845244407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07051852345466614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.06772330403327942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iswcs.2010.5624321","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iswcs.2010.5624321","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2010 7th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.4300000071525574,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536252645","https://openalex.org/W1972740834","https://openalex.org/W2005532060","https://openalex.org/W2005956500","https://openalex.org/W2096814171","https://openalex.org/W2105502366","https://openalex.org/W2130014182","https://openalex.org/W2132764758","https://openalex.org/W2167817155","https://openalex.org/W2169945719","https://openalex.org/W6651741193","https://openalex.org/W6674436233","https://openalex.org/W6684961816","https://openalex.org/W6684980023"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533864796","https://openalex.org/W2543043733","https://openalex.org/W2508204955","https://openalex.org/W2124362598","https://openalex.org/W2911701426","https://openalex.org/W4388448167","https://openalex.org/W2410852462","https://openalex.org/W1489774986","https://openalex.org/W1869045282","https://openalex.org/W1982928721"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,19],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3],"new":[4],"method":[5,90,94],"to":[6,23],"classify":[7],"M-ary":[8],"frequency":[9],"shift":[10],"keying":[11],"(MFSK)":[12],"modulation":[13,28,56],"using":[14],"maximum":[15],"likelihood":[16],"(ML)":[17],"criterion.":[18],"approach":[20],"is":[21,34,42,50,70,76,95],"used":[22],"identify":[24],"the":[25,47,79],"order":[26],"of":[27,46,58],"for":[29,54],"MFSK":[30,59],"signals.":[31],"The":[32],"system":[33,80],"then":[35],"analyzed":[36],"theoretically":[37],"and":[38,62,73],"ML":[39],"decision":[40],"rule":[41],"obtained.":[43],"Discrimination":[44],"power":[45],"proposed":[48],"classifier":[49],"verified":[51],"through":[52],"simulations":[53],"automatic":[55],"recognition":[57],"(2,":[60],"4,":[61],"8)":[63],"signals":[64],"in":[65,83],"Gaussian":[66],"channel.":[67],"Sequential":[68],"detection":[69,93],"also":[71],"applied":[72],"analyzed.":[74],"It":[75],"shown":[77],"that":[78],"complexity":[81],"decreases":[82],"comparison":[84],"with":[85],"fixed":[86],"sample":[87],"size":[88],"(FSS)":[89],"when":[91],"sequential":[92],"applied.":[96]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}